Details of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME) (ID: DE05S8C)

• DME Name: Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1)
• Synonyms: Acyl-CoA (8-3)-desaturase; Delta(5) desaturase; Delta(5) fatty acid desaturase; Delta-5 desaturase; D5D; FADS1; FADSD5
• Gene Name: FADS1
• UniProt ID: FADS1_HUMAN
• INTEDE ID: DME0202
• Gene ID: 3992
• EC Number:
  EC: 1.14.19.44
  Oxidoreductase
  Oxygen paired donor oxidoreductase
  Oxygen paired donor oxidoreductase
  EC: 1.14.19.44
• Lineage:
  Species: Homo sapiens
  Kingdom: Metazoa
  Phylum: Chordata
  Class: Mammalia
  Order: Primates
  Family: Hominidae
  Genus: Homo
  Species: Homo sapiens
• Sequence:
  MAPDPVAAETAAQGPTPRYFTWDEVAQRSGCEERWLVIDRKVYNISEFTRRHPGGSRVIS
  HYAGQDATDPFVAFHINKGLVKKYMNSLLIGELSPEQPSFEPTKNKELTDEFRELRATVE
  RMGLMKANHVFFLLYLLHILLLDGAAWLTLWVFGTSFLPFLLCAVLLSAVQAQAGWLQHD
  FGHLSVFSTSKWNHLLHHFVIGHLKGAPASWWNHMHFQHHAKPNCFRKDPDINMHPFFFA
  LGKILSVELGKQKKKYMPYNHQHKYFFLIGPPALLPLYFQWYIFYFVIQRKKWVDLAWMI
  TFYVRFFLTYVPLLGLKAFLGLFFIVRFLESNWFVWVTQMNHIPMHIDHDRNMDWVSTQL
  QATCNVHKSAFNDWFSGHLNFQIEHHLFPTMPRHNYHKVAPLVQSLCAKHGIEYQSKPLL
  SAFADIIHSLKESGQLWLDAYLHQ
• Function: This enzyme acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. It is involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, it desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA) (20:5n-3), respectively. As a rate limiting enzyme for DGLA (20:3n-6) and AA (20:4n-6)-derived eicosanoid biosynthesis, it controls the metabolism of inflammatory lipids like prostaglandin E2.
• KEGG Pathway:
  Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (hsa01040)
  Fatty acid metabolism (hsa01212)
  Metabolic pathways (hsa01100)
• Reactome Pathway:
  PPARA activates gene expression (R-HSA-1989781)
  alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism (R-HSA-2046106)
  Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism (R-HSA-2046105)

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DME

1 Clinical Trial Drug(s) Metabolized by This DME

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Omega-6-FA	DMBWY8V	N. A.	N. A.	Phase 3	[1]

References

• [1] Health implications of high dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated Fatty acids. J Nutr Metab. 2012;2012:539426.