Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCU1WYY)

• Drug Combination Name: Caspofungin + Fluconazole
• Indication: Candidiasis, Invasive; Status: Phase 3 [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Caspofungin (DMGQIPT): Small molecular drug
  Fluconazole (DMOWZ6B): Small molecular drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Caspofungin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Candidiasis	1F23	Approved	[2]
Fungal infection	1F29-1F2F	Approved	[3]
Mycoses	1F2Z	Approved	[2]
Mycosis fungoides	2B01	Approved	[2]
Candidemia	1F23.3Y	Investigative	[2]
Esophageal candidiasis	N.A.	Investigative	[2]

Caspofungin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Fungal 1,3-beta-glucan synthase (Fung GSC2)	TT0SFXH	FKS2_YEAST	Modulator	[6]

Caspofungin Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1)	DT3D8F0	SO1B1_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]

Indication(s) of Fluconazole

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Cryptococcal meningitis	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Fungal infection	1F29-1F2F	Approved	[5]
Invasive candidiasis	1F23	Approved	[4]
Mycoses	1F2Z	Approved	[4]
Oral candidiasis	1F23.0	Approved	[4]
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1	N.A.	Investigative	[4]
Candidemia	1F23.3Y	Investigative	[4]
Esophageal candidiasis	N.A.	Investigative	[4]

Fluconazole Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Candida Cytochrome P450 51 (Candi ERG11)	TTTSOUD	CP51_CANAL	Modulator	[6]

Fluconazole Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]

Fluconazole Interacts with 8 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	OTGLBN29	CP2C9_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[10]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17A1)	OTZKVLVJ	CP17A_HUMAN	Affects Activity	[12]
Aromatase (CYP19A1)	OTZ6XF74	CP19A_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[12]
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial (STAR)	OTFEZ5AI	STAR_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51A1)	OTAYHG9C	CP51A_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[14]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[8]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)	OTFMJYYE	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Increases Metabolism	[15]

References

• [1] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05178862) A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind Study for Patients With Invasive Candidiasis Treated With IV Echinocandin Followed by Either Oral Ibrexafungerp or Oral Fluconazole
• [2] Caspofungin FDA Label
• [3] Echinocandins: pharmacokinetic and therapeutic issues. Curr Med Res Opin. 2009 Jul;25(7):1741-50.
• [4] Fluconazole FDA Label
• [5] Fluconazole use as an important risk factor in the emergence of fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata fungemia. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Aug 10;169(15):1444-5; author reply 1445.
• [6] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [7] Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1: a genetically polymorphic transporter of major importance for hepatic drug uptake. Pharmacol Rev. 2011 Mar;63(1):157-81.
• [8] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [9] Effect of fluconazole on plasma fluvastatin and pravastatin concentrations. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jun;56(3):225-9.
• [10] The novel azole R126638 is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis in Candida albicans, Trichophyton spp., and Microsporum canis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Sep;48(9):3272-8.
• [11] CYP3A4 substrate selection and substitution in the prediction of potential drug-drug interactions. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Jul;314(1):180-90.
• [12] The classic azole antifungal drugs are highly potent endocrine disruptors in vitro inhibiting steroidogenic CYP enzymes at concentrations lower than therapeutic Cmax. Toxicology. 2019 Sep 1;425:152247. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152247. Epub 2019 Jul 19.
• [13] Fluconazole inhibits human adrenocortical steroidogenesis in vitro. J Endocrinol. 2012 Dec;215(3):403-12. doi: 10.1530/JOE-12-0310. Epub 2012 Oct 4.
• [14] Differential azole antifungal efficacies contrasted using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain humanized for sterol 14 alpha-demethylase at the homolo... Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Oct;52(10):3597-603.
• [15] [Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of compounds on the activity of five cytochrome P-450 enzymes using a cocktail probe substrates method]. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2007 Jun;42(6):589-94.