Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC3CHIK)

• Drug Combination Name: Zaleplon + Aprepitant
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Zaleplon (DMGFWSM): Small molecular drug
  Aprepitant (DM053KT): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 12.77
  Bliss Independence Score: 12.77
  Loewe Additivity Score: 23.9
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 23.9

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Zaleplon

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Insomnia	7A00-7A0Z	Approved	[2]
Sleep disorder, initiating and maintaining sleep	N.A.	Investigative	[3]

Zaleplon Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
GABA(A) receptor alpha-1 (GABRA1)	TT1MPAY	GBRA1_HUMAN	Modulator	[8]

Zaleplon Interacts with 4 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[10]
Aldehyde oxidase (AOX1)	DEAWHS8	AOXA_HUMAN	Metabolism	[11]

Indication(s) of Aprepitant

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[4]
Nausea	MD90	Approved	[5]
Vomiting	MD90	Approved	[6]
Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Phase 3	[7]

Aprepitant Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Substance-P receptor (TACR1)	TTZPO1L	NK1R_HUMAN	Antagonist	[12]

Aprepitant Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]

Aprepitant Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[14]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Metabolism	[15]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Metabolism	[15]

Aprepitant Interacts with 6 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA)	OTFT924M	IKBA_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[16]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[16]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX)	OTAW0V4V	BAX_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[16]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 (BIRC3)	OT3E95KB	BIRC3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2)	OTFXFREP	BIRC2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD)	OT63ERYM	BAD_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[16]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4345).
• [3] Zaleplon FDA Label
• [4] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [5] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3490).
• [6] Aprepitant FDA Label
• [7] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00571168) Efficacy and Safety of Aprepitant in Subjects With Multiple Myeloma During and After High-dose Chemotherapy. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [8] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [9] Metabolism of zaleplon by human liver: evidence for involvement of aldehyde oxidase. Xenobiotica. 2002 Oct;32(10):835-47.
• [10] Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
• [11] Characterization of aldehyde oxidase enzyme activity in cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 Feb;40(2):267-75.
• [12] Potent, brain-penetrant, hydroisoindoline-based human neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2009 May 14;52(9):3039-46.
• [13] Improving the prediction of the brain disposition for orally administered drugs using BDDCS. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012 Jan;64(1):95-109.
• [14] Lack of effect of aprepitant on the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;55(6):609-16.
• [15] Cytochrome P450 3A4 is the major enzyme involved in the metabolism of the substance P receptor antagonist aprepitant. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Nov;32(11):1287-92.
• [16] Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) inhibition sensitizes APL cells to anti-tumor effect of arsenic trioxide via restriction of NF-B axis: Shedding new light on resistance to Aprepitant. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 Oct;103:105-114. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.08.010. Epub 2018 Aug 23.