Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCBFVD1)

• Drug Combination Name: Sirolimus + Bleomycin
• Indication: Melanoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Sirolimus (DMGW1ID): Small molecular drug
  Bleomycin (DMNER5S): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: UACC-257
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 0.56
  Bliss Independence Score: 2.59
  Loewe Additivity Score: 1.16
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 1.33

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Sirolimus

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Advanced cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[2]
Brainstem neoplasm	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[2]
Intracranial meningioma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Lung cancer	2C25.0	Approved	[2]
Lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis	CB07	Approved	[3]
Mucosal melanoma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Multiple myeloma	2A83	Approved	[4]
Multiple sclerosis	8A40	Approved	[2]
Non-small-cell lung cancer	2C25.Y	Approved	[2]
Organ transplant rejection	NE84	Approved	[5]
Plasma cell myeloma	2A83.1	Approved	[2]
Prostate cancer	2C82.0	Approved	[2]
Salivary gland squamous cell carcinoma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Uveitis	9A96.Z	Phase 3	[6]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	1D6Y	Phase 2	[7]
Dutch elm disease	8D64	Phase 1/2	[5]
Castration-resistant prostate carcinoma	N.A.	Investigative	[2]
Neuroblastoma	2D11.2	Investigative	[2]
Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma	N.A.	Investigative	[2]
Polycystic kidney disease	GB8Y	Investigative	[2]
Rheumatoid arthritis	FA20	Investigative	[2]

Sirolimus Interacts with 3 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (mTOR)	TTCJG29	MTOR_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[10]
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (PAm pathway)	TTGQUFK	NOUNIPROTAC	Inhibitor	[11]
HUMAN mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)	TT7HQAF	MTOR_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[12]

Sirolimus Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1)	DT3D8F0	SO1B1_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]

Sirolimus Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[15]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[16]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[16]

Sirolimus Interacts with 1 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Calcineurin subunit B type 1 (PPP3R1)	OTGQNFJQ	CANB1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[17]

Indication(s) of Bleomycin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Cervical cancer	2C77.0	Approved	[8]
Head and neck cancer	2D42	Approved	[8]
Hodgkin lymphoma	2B30	Approved	[9]
Penile cancer	N.A.	Approved	[8]
Testicular germ cell tumor	N.A.	Approved	[8]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma	N.A.	Investigative	[8]
Follicular lymphoma	2A80	Investigative	[8]

Bleomycin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Human Deoxyribonucleic acid (hDNA)	TTUTN1I	NOUNIPROTAC	Breaker	[22]

Bleomycin Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Bleomycin hydrolase (BLMH)	DECH1VP	BLMH_HUMAN	Metabolism	[23]

Bleomycin Interacts with 23 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Superoxide dismutase , mitochondrial (SOD2)	OTIWXGZ9	SODM_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[24]
Interstitial collagenase (MMP1)	OTI4I2V1	MMP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[25]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8)	OTS7T5VH	IL8_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[25]
Mucin-5AC (MUC5AC)	OTJV8O04	MUC5A_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[25]
Transmembrane protein 250 (TMEM250)	OTLJ4G5G	TM250_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[18]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk2 (CHEK2)	OT8ZPCNS	CHK2_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[26]
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1)	OTV5XHVH	TGFB1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[19]
Histone H2AX (H2AX)	OT18UX57	H2AX_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[27]
Max-interacting protein 1 (MXI1)	OTUQ9E0D	MXI1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Actin, aortic smooth muscle (ACTA2)	OTEDLG8E	ACTA_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[19]
Unconventional myosin-Ie (MYO1E)	OTM9YSIZ	MYO1E_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Serine-protein kinase ATM (ATM)	OTQVOHLT	ATM_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[26]
Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1A (SMC1A)	OT9ZMRK9	SMC1A_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[26]
7SK snRNA methylphosphate capping enzyme (MEPCE)	OTRBQEYP	MEPCE_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[18]
Transmembrane protein 87A (TMEM87A)	OT8ATDVX	TM87A_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[18]
Lipase member H (LIPH)	OTRGYLKL	LIPH_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Abasic site processing protein HMCES (HMCES)	OTVRDL6U	HMCES_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Small integral membrane protein 14 (SMIM14)	OT47IF19	SIM14_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Kelch-like protein 42 (KLHL42)	OTK6WARI	KLH42_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[18]
Inactive cell surface hyaluronidase CEMIP2 (CEMIP2)	OT9I1XUO	CEIP2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 (ERRFI1)	OT7VZ2IZ	ERRFI_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Transmembrane and coiled-coil domain protein 3 (TMCC3)	OTAIQ6V6	TMCC3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2)	OTFXFREP	BIRC2_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[28]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma	DCFFN30	SR	Investigative	[29]
Cutaneous melanoma	DCAMOY2	SK-MEL-5	Investigative	[1]

References

• [1] CheMBL Affinity Phenotypic Cellular Interaction Assay ID: CHEMBL1125976
• [2] Sirolimus FDA Label
• [3] FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2019. Application Number: (ANDA) 201578.
• [4] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [5] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6031).
• [6] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
• [7] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04341675) Sirolimus Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [8] Bleomycin FDA Label
• [9] Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77.
• [10] Knockouts model the 100 best-selling drugs--will they model the next 100 Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2003 Jan;2(1):38-51.
• [11] The genomic landscape of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Nat Genet. 2014 Aug;46(8):866-71.
• [12] Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2. Cell Discov. 2020 Mar 16;6:14.
• [13] Pharmacogenetics of tacrolimus and sirolimus in renal transplant patients: from retrospective analyses to prospective studies. Transplant Proc. 2007 Sep;39(7):2142-4.
• [14] Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between the immunosuppressant sirolimus and the lipid-lowering drug ezetimibe in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Jun;87(6):663-7.
• [15] Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
• [16] Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
• [17] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [18] Development and validation of the TGx-HDACi transcriptomic biomarker to detect histone deacetylase inhibitors in human TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2021 May;95(5):1631-1645. doi: 10.1007/s00204-021-03014-2. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
• [19] Pulmonary fibrosis model using micro-CT analyzable human PSC-derived alveolar organoids containing alveolar macrophage-like cells. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2022 Aug;38(4):557-575. doi: 10.1007/s10565-022-09698-1. Epub 2022 Mar 10.
• [20] An antisense oligonucleotide targeted to human Ku86 messenger RNA sensitizes M059K malignant glioma cells to ionizing radiation, bleomycin, and etoposide but not DNA cross-linking agents. Cancer Res. 2002 Oct 15;62(20):5888-96.
• [21] XRCC1 deficiency sensitizes human lung epithelial cells to genotoxicity by crocidolite asbestos and Libby amphibole. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Dec;118(12):1707-13. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1002312. Epub 2010 Aug 11.
• [22] Bleomycin and talisomycin sequence-specific strand scission of DNA: a mechanism of double-strand cleavage. Cancer Res. 1982 Jul;42(7):2779-85.
• [23] The C-terminus of human bleomycin hydrolase is required for protection against bleomycin-induced chromosomal damage. Mutat Res. 1998 Oct 12;421(1):1-7.
• [24] Age-dependent basal level and induction capacity of copper-zinc and manganese superoxide dismutase and other scavenging enzyme activities in leukocytes from young and elderly adults. Am J Pathol. 1993 Jul;143(1):312-20.
• [25] Agents associated with lung inflammation induce similar responses in NCI-H292 lung epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Oct;22(7):1782-8.
• [26] Direct activation of ATM by resveratrol under oxidizing conditions. PLoS One. 2014 Jun 16;9(6):e97969. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097969. eCollection 2014.
• [27] Distinct mechanisms of cell-kill by triapine and its terminally dimethylated derivative Dp44mT due to a loss or gain of activity of their copper(II) complexes. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014 Oct 1;91(3):312-22. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.08.006. Epub 2014 Aug 15.
• [28] Expression and prognostic significance of IAP-family genes in human cancers and myeloid leukemias. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 May;6(5):1796-803.
• [29] CheMBL Affinity Phenotypic Cellular Interaction Assay ID: CHEMBL1125966