Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCO8R50)

Drug Combination Name

KN-62 Artemisinin

Indication

Disease Entry	Status	REF
Hepatoblastoma	Investigative	[1]

Component Drugs

KN-62 DMLZ89P

Artemisinin DMOY7W3

Small molecular drug

2D MOL

3D MOL is unavailable

3D MOL

High-throughput Screening Result

Testing Cell Line: HB3

Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 4.391

Bliss Independence Score: 4.021

Loewe Additivity Score: 0.308

LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 5.469

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

Indication(s) of KN-62

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[2]

KN-62 Interacts with 13 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
LCK tyrosine protein kinase (LCK)	TT860QF	LCK_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Protein kinase C alpha (PRKCA)	TTFJ8Q1	KPCA_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Stress-activated protein kinase JNK1 (JNK1)	TT0K6EO	MK08_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1)	TTZN7RP	ROCK1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Stress-activated protein kinase 2b (p38 beta)	TT73U6C	MK11_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2)	TT4TQBX	MK01_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Checkpoint kinase-1 (CHK1)	TTTU902	CHK1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2RX7)	TT473XN	P2RX7_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[5]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 (SGK1)	TTTV8EJ	SGK1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Stress-activated protein kinase 2a (p38 alpha)	TTQBR95	MK14_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1)	TTWTSCV	AKT1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
MAP kinase p38 (MAPK12)	TTYT93M	MK12_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1)	TTG0U4H	KS6B1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 13 DTT(s)

KN-62 Interacts with 4 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK2)	OT460SBO	MAPK2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[4]
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B)	OTL3L14B	GSK3B_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[4]
MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 5 (MAPKAPK5)	OTAZHPVK	MAPK5_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[4]
Integrin alpha-M (ITGAM)	OTAG6HWU	ITAM_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[6]
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Indication(s) of Artemisinin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[3]

Artemisinin Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Plasmodium Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (Malaria DHOdehase)	TT3PQ2Y	PYRD_PLAF7	Inhibitor	[3]
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (ATP2A)	TTZVSJ2	NOUNIPROTAC	Inhibitor	[3]
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Artemisinin Interacts with 4 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[7]
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6)	DEJVYAZ	CP2A6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
Glutathione S-transferase alpha-1 (GSTA1)	DE4ZHS1	GSTA1_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	DEPKLMQ	CP2B6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[7]
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Artemisinin Interacts with 10 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1)	OTA7K5XA	GSTA1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[9]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	OTOYO4S7	CP2B6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	OTLLBX48	CP1A2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)	OTFMJYYE	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1)	OTLP0A0Y	GSTP1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[9]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[12]
Isocitrate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial (IDH3A)	OT5QQB5L	IDH3A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 (NR1I3)	OTS3SGH7	NR1I3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[13]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 10 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
DD2	DCPGVGW	DD2	Investigative	[14]
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References

1	Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
2	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6001).
3	The fight against drug-resistant malaria: novel plasmodial targets and antimalarial drugs. Curr Med Chem. 2008;15(2):161-71.
4	Specificity and mechanism of action of some commonly used protein kinase inhibitors. Biochem J. 2000 Oct 1;351(Pt 1):95-105.
5	Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of pyrazolodiazepine derivatives as human P2X7 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Nov 1;19(21):6053-8.
6	CaMKII regulates retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activity and the differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells. J Clin Invest. 2007 May;117(5):1412-21. doi: 10.1172/JCI30779. Epub 2007 Apr 12.
7	Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;67(6):1954-65.
8	Identification of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the in vitro metabolism of artemisinin. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;48(4):528-35.
9	Inhibition of glutathione S-transferases by antimalarial drugs possible implications for circumventing anticancer drug resistance. Int J Cancer. 2002 Feb 10;97(5):700-5.
10	Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;67(6):1954-65.
11	Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
12	Identification of Compounds That Inhibit Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha Signaling Using High-Throughput Screening Assays. Molecules. 2019 Feb 27;24(5):841. doi: 10.3390/molecules24050841.
13	In vivo and mechanistic evidence of nuclear receptor CAR induction by artemisinin. Eur J Clin Invest. 2006 Sep;36(9):647-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2006.01700.x.
14	Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.