Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCP0FVL)

• Drug Combination Name: Estramustine + Nilotinib
• Indication: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Estramustine (DMWTAOI): Small molecular drug
  Nilotinib (DM7HXWT): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: A498
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 0.77
  Bliss Independence Score: 3.39
  Loewe Additivity Score: 1.7
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 1.14

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Estramustine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Prostate cancer	2C82.0	Approved	[2]

Estramustine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Estramustine binding protein (EMBP)	TTSBFYK	NOUNIPROTAC	Binder	[4]

Estramustine Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[5]

Estramustine Interacts with 1 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 18 (KRT18)	OTVLQFIP	K1C18_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[6]

Indication(s) of Nilotinib

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia	2A20.0	Approved	[3]

Nilotinib Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Fusion protein Bcr-Abl (Bcr-Abl)	TTS7G69	BCR_HUMAN-ABL1_HUMAN	Modulator	[10]

Nilotinib Interacts with 5 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2)	DTFI42L	MRP2_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1)	DT3D8F0	SO1B1_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3)	DT9C1TS	SO1B3_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]

Nilotinib Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[14]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Metabolism	[15]

Nilotinib Interacts with 21 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2)	OTW8V2V1	ABCG2_HUMAN	Affects Response To Substance	[16]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Affects Response To Substance	[17]
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA)	OT5CQPZY	ACACA_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[18]
Protein c-Fos (FOS)	OTJBUVWS	FOS_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN)	OTCYBO6X	JUN_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Homeobox protein Hox-B7 (HOXB7)	OTC7WYU8	HXB7_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[8]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1)	OT310QSG	PARP1_HUMAN	Increases Cleavage	[19]
Transcription factor JunB (JUNB)	OTG2JXV5	JUNB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Homeobox protein Hox-B9 (HOXB9)	OTMVHQOU	HXB9_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[8]
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha (ATF6)	OTAFHAVI	ATF6A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[9]
Paired box protein Pax-3 (PAX3)	OTN5PJZV	PAX3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Paired box protein Pax-6 (PAX6)	OTOC9876	PAX6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[8]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3)	OTI8YKKE	DDIT3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Crk-like protein (CRKL)	OTOYSD1R	CRKL_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[9]
Homeobox protein MOX-1 (MEOX1)	OTJEMT2D	MEOX1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Mesoderm posterior protein 2 (MESP2)	OT7H4LYA	MESP2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Transcription factor 15 (TCF15)	OTA6UCWC	TCF15_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 3 (OLIG3)	OTU8XLAF	OLIG3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[8]
ER degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 1 (EDEM1)	OTWHN69S	EDEM1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[9]
Eyes absent homolog 1 (EYA1)	OTHU807A	EYA1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Neurogenin-2 (NEUROG2)	OTAEMIGT	NGN2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[8]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Adenocarcinoma	DCDOFJM	HCT116	Investigative	[20]
Adenocarcinoma	DCDDA2O	HT29	Investigative	[20]
Amelanotic melanoma	DCK3APO	MDA-MB-435	Investigative	[20]
Lung adenocarcinoma	DCPS3LA	HOP-62	Investigative	[20]
Malignant melanoma	DCXLCEY	LOX IMVI	Investigative	[20]

References

• [1] CheMBL Affinity Phenotypic Cellular Interaction Assay ID: CHEMBL1125966
• [2] Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77.
• [3] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5697).
• [4] Estramustine binding protein in primary tumours and metastases of malignant melanoma. Melanoma Res. 1994 Dec;4(6):401-5.
• [5] Activity of docetaxel with or without estramustine phosphate versus mitoxantrone in androgen dependent and independent human prostate cancer xenografts. J Urol. 2003 May;169(5):1729-34.
• [6] Docetaxel induces apoptosis in hormone refractory prostate carcinomas during multiple treatment cycles. Br J Cancer. 2006 Jun 5;94(11):1592-8. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603129.
• [7] Assessment of the inhibition potential of Licochalcone A against human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Apr;90:112-22.
• [8] Exposure-based assessment of chemical teratogenicity using morphogenetic aggregates of human embryonic stem cells. Reprod Toxicol. 2020 Jan;91:74-91. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Nov 8.
• [9] Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in imatinib-resistant leukemic K562-r cells triggered by AMN107 combined with arsenic trioxide. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2013 Aug 1;238(8):932-42. doi: 10.1177/1535370213492689. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
• [10] 2007 FDA drug approvals: a year of flux. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Feb;7(2):107-9.
• [11] Interaction of nilotinib, dasatinib and bosutinib with ABCB1 and ABCG2: implications for altered anti-cancer effects and pharmacological properties. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(4):1153-64.
• [12] KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D353-D361. (dg:DG01665)
• [13] Contribution of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 to the disposition of sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Mar 15;19(6):1458-66.
• [14] Drug interactions with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib. Blood. 2011 Feb 24;117(8):e75-87.
• [15] Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 in drug metabolism and interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241.
• [16] Resistance to daunorubicin, imatinib, or nilotinib depends on expression levels of ABCB1 and ABCG2 in human leukemia cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 Aug 5;219:203-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.06.009. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
• [17] Reversal of ABCB1 mediated efflux by imatinib and nilotinib in cells expressing various transporter levels. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Aug 1;273:171-179. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.06.012. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
• [18] Multi-parameter in vitro toxicity testing of crizotinib, sunitinib, erlotinib, and nilotinib in human cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 1;272(1):245-55.
• [19] Nilotinib reduced the viability of human ovarian cancer cells via mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, independent of JNK activation. Toxicol In Vitro. 2016 Mar;31:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.11.002. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
• [20] CheMBL Affinity Phenotypic Cellular Interaction Assay ID: CHEMBL1125976