General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCT2NZS)

Drug Combination Name
Quinine Artemisinin
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
DD2 Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Quinine   DMSWYF5 Artemisinin   DMOY7W3
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: DD2
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 0.217
Bliss Independence Score: 0.458
Loewe Additivity Score: 1.269
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 2.465

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Quinine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [2]
Quinine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase COP1 (RFWD2) TT05DLS COP1_HUMAN Modulator [4]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quinine Interacts with 6 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Organic cation transporter 2 (SLC22A2) DT9IDPW S22A2_HUMAN Substrate [6]
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) DTT79CX S22A1_HUMAN Substrate [7]
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2 (SLC22A5) DT3HUVD S22A5_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 (SLC22A4) DT2EG60 S22A4_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Na(+)/Cl(-) betaine/GABA transporter (SLC6A12) DTBPTJF S6A12_HUMAN Substrate [10]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DTP(s)
Quinine Interacts with 8 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [11]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Metabolism [12]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Metabolism [13]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [14]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7) DERD86B CP3A7_HUMAN Metabolism [14]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [15]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Metabolism [16]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Metabolism [17]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 8 DME(s)
Quinine Interacts with 13 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Decreases Activity [18]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) OTGLBN29 CP2C9_HUMAN Decreases Activity [18]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) OTFMJYYE CP2CJ_HUMAN Decreases Activity [18]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) OTLLBX48 CP1A2_HUMAN Increases Expression [19]
Solute carrier family 22 member 2 (SLC22A2) OTGFK1AL S22A2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [20]
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 (SLC22A1) OT7817I4 S22A1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [20]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Affects Uptake [21]
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1) OTLP0A0Y GSTP1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) OTSBF2MO GSTM1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) OTE4EFH8 CP1A1_HUMAN Increases Expression [19]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) OTZX881H KCNH2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [23]
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7 (SLC9A7) OTVDLTYA SL9A7_HUMAN Decreases Activity [24]
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 (SLCO1A2) OTO70C5O SO1A2_HUMAN Increases Uptake [25]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 13 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Artemisinin
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [3]
Artemisinin Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Plasmodium Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (Malaria DHOdehase) TT3PQ2Y PYRD_PLAF7 Inhibitor [3]
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (ATP2A) TTZVSJ2 NOUNIPROTAC Inhibitor [3]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Artemisinin Interacts with 4 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) DEJVYAZ CP2A6_HUMAN Metabolism [27]
Glutathione S-transferase alpha-1 (GSTA1) DE4ZHS1 GSTA1_HUMAN Metabolism [22]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Artemisinin Interacts with 10 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1) OTA7K5XA GSTA1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) OTOYO4S7 CP2B6_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) OTLLBX48 CP1A2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [18]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) OTFMJYYE CP2CJ_HUMAN Decreases Activity [18]
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1) OTLP0A0Y GSTP1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Increases Activity [29]
Isocitrate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial (IDH3A) OT5QQB5L IDH3A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [29]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 (NR1I3) OTS3SGH7 NR1I3_HUMAN Increases Activity [30]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Hepatoblastoma DC32HDT HB3 Investigative [1]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

1 Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2510).
3 The fight against drug-resistant malaria: novel plasmodial targets and antimalarial drugs. Curr Med Chem. 2008;15(2):161-71.
4 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
5 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
6 Cloning and characterization of two human polyspecific organic cation transporters. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Jul;16(7):871-81.
7 Comparison of type I and type II organic cation transport by organic cation transporters and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):110-5.
8 Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):778-84.
9 Novel membrane transporter OCTN1 mediates multispecific, bidirectional, and pH-dependent transport of organic cations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 May;289(2):768-73.
10 The Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): recent advances. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Jan 4;44(D1):D372-9. (ID: 2.A.22.3.1)
11 Quinine induced simvastatin toxicity through cytochrome inhibition - a case report. BMC Geriatr. 2016 Oct 1;16(1):168.
12 The roles of cytochrome P450 3A4 and 1A2 in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Nov;66(5):454-60.
13 Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
14 Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
15 Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 in drug metabolism and interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241.
16 Identification of human cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the 3-hydroxylation of quinine by human live microsomes and nine recombinant human cytochromes P450. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Dec;279(3):1327-34.
17 Organic anion-transporting polypeptide B (OATP-B) and its functional comparison with three other OATPs of human liver. Gastroenterology. 2001 Feb;120(2):525-33.
18 Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
19 Cytochrome P450 1A1/2 induction by antiparasitic drugs: dose-dependent increase in ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity and mRNA caused by quinine, primaquine and albendazole in HepG2 cells. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;58(8):537-42.
20 Involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the cytotoxicity of corannulene and its derivatives. Toxicol Lett. 2020 Mar 15;321:114-121. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.12.012. Epub 2019 Dec 9.
21 Stereoselective transport of hydrophilic quaternary drugs by human MDR1 and rat Mdr1b P-glycoproteins. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Apr;135(7):1685-94. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704620.
22 Inhibition of glutathione S-transferases by antimalarial drugs possible implications for circumventing anticancer drug resistance. Int J Cancer. 2002 Feb 10;97(5):700-5.
23 Voltage-dependent profile of human ether-a-go-go-related gene channel block is influenced by a single residue in the S6 transmembrane domain. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 May;63(5):1051-8. doi: 10.1124/mol.63.5.1051.
24 Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel (Na+,K+)/H+ exchanger localized to the trans-Golgi network. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17387-94. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M101319200. Epub 2001 Feb 26.
25 Expression of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1A2 in Red Blood Cells and Its Potential Impact on Antimalarial Therapy. Drug Metab Dispos. 2016 Oct;44(10):1562-8. doi: 10.1124/dmd.116.069807. Epub 2016 Aug 8.
26 Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;67(6):1954-65.
27 Identification of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the in vitro metabolism of artemisinin. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;48(4):528-35.
28 Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;67(6):1954-65.
29 Identification of Compounds That Inhibit Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha Signaling Using High-Throughput Screening Assays. Molecules. 2019 Feb 27;24(5):841. doi: 10.3390/molecules24050841.
30 In vivo and mechanistic evidence of nuclear receptor CAR induction by artemisinin. Eur J Clin Invest. 2006 Sep;36(9):647-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2006.01700.x.