Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMBXWU8)

• Drug Name: Aprindine Drug Info
• Synonyms: Aprindin; Aprindina; Aprindinum; Aprinidine; Fibocil; AC 1802; Aprindina [INN-Spanish]; Aprindinum [INN-Latin]; Aprindine (USAN/INN); Aprindine [USAN:BAN:INN]; N-(3-(Diethylamino)propyl)-N-phenyl-2-indanamine; N,N-Diethyl-N'-2-indanyl-N'-phenyl-1,3-propanediamine; N,N-Diethyl-N'-2-indanyl-N'-phenyl-1,3-propanediaminemonohydrochloride; N'-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)-N,N-diethyl-N'-phenylpropane-1,3-diamine; N-(2,3-Dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)-N',N'-diethyl-N-phenyl-1,3-propanediamine; N-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl)-N',N'-diethyl-N-phenylpropane-1,3-diamine

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Cardiac arrhythmias	BC9Z	Approved	[1]
Long QT syndrome	BC65.0	Approved	[2]

• Therapeutic Class: Antiarrhythmic Agents
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 2218
  ChEBI ID: CHEMBL135370
  CAS Number: CAS 37640-71-4
  TTD Drug ID: DMBXWU8
  VARIDT Drug ID: DR00821
  INTEDE Drug ID: DR0126

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Calmodulin (CALM)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Halofantrine	DMOMK1V	Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[5]
Trifluoperazine	DMKBYWI	Anxiety		Approved	[6]
Acetate Ion	DMD08RH	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[7]
2-Methyl-2,4-Pentanediol	DMD45CU	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[7]
MYRISTIC ACID	DMYX0BL	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[8]
Cacodylate Ion	DMK4XLD	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[7]
2-Methyl-2-Propanol	DMHM5GJ	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[7]
N-Trimethyllysine	DMZQXLS	Discovery agent	N.A.	Investigative	[7]
Calmidazolium	DM5ZTJL	Huntington disease	8A01.10	Investigative	[9]

Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Doxorubicin	DMVP5YE	Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[10]
Progesterone	DMUY35B	Amenorrhea	GA20.0	Approved	[11]
Tamoxifen	DMLB0EZ	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Approved	[12]
Acetaminophen	DMUIE76	Allergic rhinitis	CA08.0	Approved	[13]
Imatinib	DM7RJXL	Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia	2A85	Approved	[14]
Quinine	DMSWYF5	Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[15]
Propofol	DMB4OLE	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[16]
Dopamine	DMPGUCF	Acromegaly	5A60.0	Approved	[17]
Nicotine	DMWX5CO	Lung cancer	2C25.0	Approved	[18]
Propranolol	DM79NTF	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[19]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Calmodulin (CALM)	TTV3NH6	CALM1_HUMAN; CALM2_HUMAN; CALM3_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[3]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) Main DME	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Substrate	[4]

References

• [1] Appropriate dosing of antiarrhythmic drugs in Japan requires therapeutic drug monitoring. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2005 Feb;30(1):5-12.
• [2] Time-to-Onset Analysis of Drug-Induced Long QT Syndrome Based on a Spontaneous Reporting System for Adverse Drug Events. PLoS One. 2016 Oct 10;11(10):e0164309.
• [3] Aprindine inhibits calmodulin-stimulated phosphodiesterase and Ca-ATPase activities. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1983 Jan-Feb;5(1):151-6.
• [4] Nonlinear mixed effects model analysis of the pharmacokinetics of routinely administered bepridil in Japanese patients with arrhythmias. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Mar;29(3):517-21.
• [5] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [6] Inhibitory effect of jujuboside A on glutamate-mediated excitatory signal pathway in hippocampus. Planta Med. 2003 Aug;69(8):692-5.
• [7] How many drug targets are there Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6.
• [8] The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42.
• [9] Calmidazolium evokes high calcium fluctuations in Plasmodium falciparum. Cell Signal. 2016 Mar;28(3):125-135.
• [10] Inhibitory effects of anticancer drugs on dextromethorphan-O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;32(6):491-5.
• [11] Effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substances, progesterone and p-tyramine, catalyzed by CYP2D6. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23.
• [12] CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen metabolism: clinical relevance. Curr Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;12(1):7-15.
• [13] Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
• [14] Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
• [15] Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
• [16] Effects of propofol on human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Xenobiotica. 1998 Sep;28(9):845-53.
• [17] Pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Spring;97(1):98-106.
• [18] Roles of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in nicotine C-oxidation by human liver microsomes. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Mar;73(2):65-70.
• [19] Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82.