General Information of Drug (ID: DMTO13J)

Drug Name
Clonazepam Drug Info
Synonyms
Antelepsin; Antilepsin; Chlonazepam; Cloazepam; Clonazepamum; Clonex; Clonopin; Iktorivil; Kenoket; Klonopin; Landsen; Lktorivil; Lonazep; Melzap; Paxam; Ravotril; Rivatril; Rivoril; Rivotril; Solfidin; Klonopin Rapidly Disintegrating; DF2374250; RO4023; Ro 4023; Ro 54023; Alti-Clonazepam; Clonazepamum [INN-Latin]; Klonopin (TN); Ravotril (TN); Rivatril (TN); Rivotril (TN); Ro 4-8180; Ro 5-4023; Ro-5-4023; Clonazepam (JP15/USP/INN); Clonazepam [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]; Ro 5-4023/B-7; 1,3-Dihydro-5-(o-chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 1,3-Dihydro-7-nitro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-2H-1,4.benzodiazepin-2-one; 5-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-2-one; 5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-one; 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 5-(o-Chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 5-(o-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-one; 5-(o-chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one; 7-Nitro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2(1H)-one
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Absence epilepsy Approved [1]
Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [2]
Panic disorder 6B01 Approved [1]
Seizure disorder 8A6Z Phase 2 [2]
Therapeutic Class
Anticonvulsants
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
2802
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:3756
CAS Number
CAS 1622-61-3
TTD Drug ID
DMTO13J
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0351
ACDINA Drug ID
D00140

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DME
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Discontinued Drug(s)
Investigative Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Phenobarbital DMXZOCG Cluster headache 8A81.0 Approved [7]
Allopregnanolone DMNLHAC Depression 6A70-6A7Z approved [8]
THIOCOLCHICOSIDE DMEPWYA Muscle spasm MB47.3 Approved [9]
Piperazine DMTY9LU Ascariasis 1F62 Approved [10]
Alpidem DMN7Y9K Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [11]
Moxidectin DMYGHX5 Onchocerciasis 1F6A Approved [12]
DP-VPA DMGOXPQ Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [13]
ANDROSTERONE DMITJAK N. A. N. A. Phase 3 [8]
ZK-93423 DMFWMKZ Epileptic seizures 8A61-8A6Z Phase 3 [14]
GSK683699 DMTW79H Inflammatory bowel disease DD72 Phase 2 [9]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [15]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [16]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [17]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [18]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [19]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [20]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [21]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [22]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [16]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [23]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Folic Acid DMEMBJC Colorectal carcinoma Approved [24]
Caffeine DMKBJWP Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [25]
Procainamide DMNMXR8 Ventricular arrhythmias BC71 Approved [26]
Sulfamethoxazole DMB08GE Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [27]
Sulfadiazine DMTW3R8 Rheumatic fever 1B40-1B42 Approved [28]
Tobramycin DMUI0CH Bacteremia 1A73 Approved [29]
Mesalazine DMOL5IU Diverticulitis Approved [30]
Allopurinol DMLPAOB Gout FA25 Approved [31]
Netilmicin DMRD1QK Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Approved [32]
Hydralazine DMU8JGH Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [33]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Nitrofurazone DMSM2KE Skin burns ME65.0 Approved [34]
Nitrazepam DMEGIQ6 Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [34]
Flunitrazepam DMGR5Z3 Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [35]
CB1954 DMVP4YK Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Discontinued in Phase 2 [34]
Nitrobenzodiazepine DM254EW N. A. N. A. Investigative [35]
Misonidazole DMYB0HK N. A. N. A. Investigative [36]
⏷ Show the Full List of 6 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GAR) TTNJYV2 NOUNIPROTAC Agonist [3]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [4]
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase (hALP) DEZV4AP NAT10_HUMAN Substrate [5]
Oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase B (nfsB) DE0QLUZ NFSB_ECOLI Substrate [6]

References

1 Clonazepam FDA Label
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6963).
3 Glutamate- and GABA-based CNS therapeutics. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006 Feb;6(1):7-17.
4 Identification of the human and animal hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in clonazepam metabolism. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 1993;7(2):69-75.
5 Effect of common NAT2 variant alleles in the acetylation of the major clonazepam metabolite, 7-aminoclonazepam. Drug Metab Lett. 2007 Jan;1(1):3-5.
6 Characterization of Escherichia coli nitroreductase NfsB in the metabolism of nitrobenzodiazepines. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Jul 1;78(1):96-103.
7 DrugBank: a knowledgebase for drugs, drug actions and drug targets. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jan;36(Database issue):D901-6.
8 Neurosteroid analogues. 11. Alternative ring system scaffolds: gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor modulation and anesthetic actions of benz[f]indenes. J Med Chem. 2006 Jul 27;49(15):4595-605.
9 3-demethoxy-3-glycosylaminothiocolchicines: Synthesis of a new class of putative muscle relaxant compounds. J Med Chem. 2006 Sep 7;49(18):5571-7.
10 Cyclooctadepsipeptides--an anthelmintically active class of compounds exhibiting a novel mode of action. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2003 Sep;22(3):318-31.
11 Synthesis and binding affinity of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-alpha]pyridine derivatives for both central and peripheral benzodiazepine receptors. A new se... J Med Chem. 1997 Sep 12;40(19):3109-18.
12 2018 FDA drug approvals.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019 Feb;18(2):85-89.
13 DP-VPA D-Pharm. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Jun;3(6):921-3.
14 Structural requirements for agonist actions at the benzodiazepine receptor: studies with analogues of 6-(benzyloxy)-4-(methoxymethyl)-beta-carbolin... J Med Chem. 1990 Mar;33(3):1062-9.
15 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
16 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
17 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
18 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
19 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
20 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
21 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
22 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
23 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
24 Arylamine N-acetyltransferase in human red blood cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Sep 25;44(6):1099-104.
25 A population and family study of N-acetyltransferase using caffeine urinary metabolites. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1993 Aug;54(2):134-41.
26 Effect of H2-receptor antagonists on rat liver cytosolic acetyl CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity. Drug Metab Dispos. 1992 Jan-Feb;20(1):74-8.
27 Crystallization and preliminary X-ray characterization of arylamine N-acetyltransferase C (BanatC) from Bacillus anthracis. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2007 Oct 1;63(Pt 10):862-4.
28 Identification of cytochrome P450 and arylamine N-acetyltransferase isoforms involved in sulfadiazine metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):969-76.
29 Genetic analysis of bacterial acetyltransferases: identification of amino acids determining the specificities of the aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase Ib and IIa proteins. J Bacteriol. 1992 May;174(10):3196-203.
30 NAT1 genotypes do not predict response to mesalamine in patients with ulcerative colitis. Z Gastroenterol. 2008 Mar;46(3):259-65.
31 Xanthine oxidase inhibition by allopurinol affects the reliability of urinary caffeine metabolic ratios as markers for N-acetyltransferase 2 and CYP1A2 activities. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Jan;54(11):869-76.
32 Aminoglycoside resistance resulting from tight drug binding to an altered aminoglycoside acetyltransferase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 May;47(5):1577-83.
33 Prizidilol, an antihypertensive with precapillary vasodilator and beta-adrenoceptor blocking actions, in primary hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1981 May;29(5):588-93.
34 Conversion of NfsB, a minor Escherichia coli nitroreductase, to a flavin reductase similar in biochemical properties to FRase I, the major flavin reductase in Vibrio fischeri, by a single amino acid substitution. J Bacteriol. 1996 Aug;178(15):4731-3.
35 Structure-based development of bacterial nitroreductase against nitrobenzodiazepine-induced hypnosis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Jun 15;83(12):1690-9.
36 Metronidazole (flagyl) and misonidazole (Ro-07-0582): reduction by facultative anaerobes and cytotoxic action on hypoxic bacteria and mammalian cells in vivo. Br J Cancer Suppl. 1978 Jun;3:132-5.