Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMRADYL)

• Drug Name: Pinacidil
• Synonyms: Pinacidilum; P 1134; S 1230; P-154; Pinacidil (anhydrous); Pinacidilum [INN-Latin]; S-1230; N-Cyano-N'-4-pyridinyl-N''-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)guanidine; Guanidine, 2-cyano-3-(4-pyridyl)-1-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)-, monohydrate; Guanidine, N-cyano-N'-4-pyridinyl-N''-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)-, monohydrate; (+-)-Pinacidil; (+/-)-N-Cyano-N'-4-pyridinyl-N"-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)guanidine; (R,S)-Pinacidil; (inverted question mark)-N-Cyano-N'-4-pyridinyl-N''-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)-guanidine; 1-cyano-2-(3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl)-3-pyridin-4-ylguanidine; 2-Cyano-3-(4-pyridinyl)-1-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)guanidine; 2-Cyano-3-(4-pyridyl)-1-(1,2,2-trimethylpropyl)guanidine monohydrate

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
High blood pressure	BA00	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Antihypertensive Agents
• ATC Code:
  C02DG01: Pinacidil
  C02DG: Guanidine derivatives
  C02D: ARTERIOLAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, AGENTS ACTING ON
  C02: ANTIHYPERTENSIVES
  C: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 245.32
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); 2.7
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 5
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 3
• ADMET Property:
  BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 2: low solubility and high permeability [2]
  Bioavailability: 57% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [3]
  Clearance: The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 5.68 mL/min/kg [4]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 2.5 hours [4]
  MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 2.9115 micromolar/kg/day [5]
  Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.6% [4]
  Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 1.1 L/kg [4]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C13H19N5
  IUPAC Name: 1-cyano-2-(3,3-dimethylbutan-2-yl)-3-pyridin-4-ylguanidine
  Canonical SMILES: CC(C(C)(C)C)N=C(NC#N)NC1=CC=NC=C1
  InChI: InChI=1S/C13H19N5/c1-10(13(2,3)4)17-12(16-9-14)18-11-5-7-15-8-6-11/h5-8,10H,1-4H3,(H2,15,16,17,18)
  InChIKey: IVVNZDGDKPTYHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 4826
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:91706
  CAS Number: 60560-33-0
  UNII: BB4UGO5K0D
  DrugBank ID: DB06762
  TTD ID: D02KMO
  INTEDE ID: DR1292

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Potassium channel unspecific (KC)	TT1VOHK	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[6]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) Main DME	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2412).
• [2] BDDCS predictions, self-correcting aspects of BDDCS assignments, BDDCS assignment corrections, and classification for more than 175 additional drugs
• [3] Critical Evaluation of Human Oral Bioavailability for Pharmaceutical Drugs by Using Various Cheminformatics Approaches
• [4] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [5] Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
• [6] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [7] Cytochrome P450 3A4-mediated oxidative conversion of a cyano to an amide group in the metabolism of pinacidil. Biochemistry. 2002 Feb 26;41(8):2712-8.