Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMYN59P)

Drug Name

Vildagliptin

Synonyms

Equa; Galvu; Galvus; Jalra; Xiliarx; Galvus (TN); Vidagliptin (see Vildagliptin); Vildagliptin (JAN/USAN/INN); (2S)-(((3-hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)amino)acetyl)pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile; (2S)-1-[2-[(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile; 1-[2-[(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile; 2-Pyrrolidinecarbonitrile, 1-[[(3-hydroxytricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]dec-1-yl)amino]acetyl]-, (2S)-(9CI)

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Type-2 diabetes	5A11	Approved	[1]
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Affected Organisms

Humans and other mammals

ATC Code

A10BH02: Vildagliptin

A10BH: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors

A10B: BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS

A10: DRUGS USED IN DIABETES

A: ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

303.4

Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp)

0.9

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

ADMET Property

Absorption Tmax: The time to maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) is 2-3 h [2]
Bioavailability: The bioavailability of drug is 60%-70% [2]
Clearance: The renal clearance of drug is 13 L/h [3]
Elimination: Following oral administration, approximately 85% of the radiolabelled vildagliptin dose was excreted in urine and about 15% of the dose was recovered in feces [3]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 3 hours [3]
Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.885123618% [4]
Vd: The volume of distribution (Vd) of drug is 71 L [3]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C17H25N3O2
IUPAC Name: (2S)-1-[2-[(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile
Canonical SMILES: C1C[C@H](N(C1)C(=O)CNC23CC4CC(C2)CC(C4)(C3)O)C#N
InChI: InChI=1S/C17H25N3O2/c18-9-14-2-1-3-20(14)15(21)10-19-16-5-12-4-13(6-16)8-17(22,7-12)11-16/h12-14,19,22H,1-8,10-11H2/t12?,13?,14-,16?,17?/m0/s1
InChIKey: SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 6918537
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:135285
CAS Number: 274901-16-5
UNII: I6B4B2U96P
DrugBank ID: DB04876
TTD ID: D0L3DK
VARIDT ID: DR01409

Combinatorial Drugs (CBD)

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Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4)	TTDIGC1	DPP4_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[5]

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Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[6]

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Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4)	OT16MVL9	DPP4_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[7]
Dipeptidyl peptidase 8 (DPP8)	OTSO9XBY	DPP8_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[7]

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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

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Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease

Type-2 diabetes

ICD Disease Classification

5A11

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4)	DTT	DPP4	9.54E-01	-0.27	-1.85
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTP	P-GP	2.30E-01	3.06E-01	7.43E-01

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA)

MEA Detail

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References

1	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6310).
2	Cubeddu LX, Fuenmayor N, Caplan N, Ferry D: Clinical pharmacology of doxazosin in patients with essential hypertension. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1987 Apr;41(4):439-49. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1987.54.
3	Summary of Product Characteristics: Galvus (vildagliptin) oral tablets
4	Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
5	Emerging drug candidates of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) inhibitor class for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Drug Targets. 2009 Jan;10(1):71-87.
6	Pharmacokinetics of dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2010 Aug;12(8):648-58.
7	Dipeptidyl peptidase 8/9-like activity in human leukocytes. J Leukoc Biol. 2007 May;81(5):1252-7.