Details of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME) (ID: DEKN1H4)

DME Name Retinal dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH1A2)
Synonyms Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A2; Retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase type 2; ALDH1A2; RALDH 2; RalDH2; RALDH(II); RALDH2
Gene Name ALDH1A2
UniProt ID
AL1A2_HUMAN
INTEDE ID
DME0287
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
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3D Structure (PDB)
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Gene ID
8854
EC Number EC: 1.2.1.36
Oxidoreductase
Aldehyde/oxo donor oxidoreductase
NAD/NADP acceptor oxidoreductase
EC: 1.2.1.36
Lineage Species: Homo sapiens
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Sequence
MTSSKIEMPGEVKADPAALMASLHLLPSPTPNLEIKYTKIFINNEWQNSESGRVFPVYNP
ATGEQVCEVQEADKADIDKAVQAARLAFSLGSVWRRMDASERGRLLDKLADLVERDRAVL
ATMESLNGGKPFLQAFYVDLQGVIKTFRYYAGWADKIHGMTIPVDGDYFTFTRHEPIGVC
GQIIPWNFPLLMFAWKIAPALCCGNTVVIKPAEQTPLSALYMGALIKEAGFPPGVINILP
GYGPTAGAAIASHIGIDKIAFTGSTEVGKLIQEAAGRSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIFADAD
LDYAVEQAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAGSRIFVEESIYEEFVRRSVERAKRRVVGSPFDPTTEQG
PQIDKKQYNKILELIQSGVAEGAKLECGGKGLGRKGFFIEPTVFSNVTDDMRIAKEEIFG
PVQEILRFKTMDEVIERANNSDFGLVAAVFTNDINKALTVSSAMQAGTVWINCYNALNAQ
SPFGGFKMSGNGREMGEFGLREYSEVKTVTVKIPQKNS
Function
This enzyme converts retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. It recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. It can also metabolize octanal and decanal, but has only very low activity with benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal.
KEGG Pathway
Metabolic pathways (hsa01100 )
Retinol metabolism (hsa00830 )
Reactome Pathway
RA biosynthesis pathway (R-HSA-5365859 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DME

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DME
1 Approved Drug(s) Metabolized by This DME
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Vitamin A DMJ2AH4 Night blindness 9D45 Approved [1]

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) of This DME

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This DME
Disease Name ICD 11 Studied Tissue p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Acute myelocytic leukaemia 2B33.1 Bone marrow 8.74E-02 6.39E-02 2.66E-01
Alopecia ED70 Skin from scalp 1.03E-02 -6.27E-02 -3.79E-01
Alzheimer's disease 8A20 Entorhinal cortex 1.36E-02 -2.80E-02 -1.35E-01
Ankylosing spondylitis FA92.0 Pheripheral blood 3.80E-01 1.08E-01 1.96E-01
Aortic stenosis BB70 Calcified aortic valve 4.53E-01 2.10E-02 3.08E-02
Apnea 7A40 Hyperplastic tonsil 1.31E-02 -2.43E-01 -1.71E+00
Arthropathy FA00-FA5Z Peripheral blood 3.13E-01 8.22E-02 4.05E-01
Asthma CA23 Nasal and bronchial airway 3.88E-01 -1.43E-01 -3.82E-01
Atopic dermatitis EA80 Skin 1.54E-06 -2.04E-01 -1.49E+00
Autism 6A02 Whole blood 5.82E-01 8.98E-02 3.27E-01
Autoimmune uveitis 9A96 Peripheral monocyte 2.52E-02 -1.84E-01 -8.03E-01
Autosomal dominant monocytopenia 4B04 Whole blood 6.27E-01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
Bacterial infection of gingival 1C1H Gingival tissue 3.55E-05 1.19E-01 6.19E-01
Batten disease 5C56.1 Whole blood 5.55E-01 7.46E-02 7.70E-01
Behcet's disease 4A62 Peripheral blood 9.00E-01 1.54E-02 8.09E-02
Bipolar disorder 6A60-6A6Z Prefrontal cortex 6.95E-01 -4.53E-02 -1.91E-01
Bladder cancer 2C94 Bladder tissue 2.11E-02 -2.35E-01 -1.83E+00
Breast cancer 2C60-2C6Z Breast tissue 7.47E-14 -1.56E-01 -3.31E-01
Cardioembolic stroke 8B11.20 Whole blood 7.97E-01 -2.99E-02 -1.59E-01
Cervical cancer 2C77 Cervical tissue 9.16E-01 -1.94E-02 -8.90E-02
Childhood onset rheumatic disease FA20.Z Peripheral blood 5.20E-01 -2.27E-02 -9.76E-02
Chronic hepatitis C 1E51.1 Whole blood 2.95E-01 4.81E-02 2.63E-01
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Lung tissue 8.71E-01 3.07E-02 1.16E-01
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Small airway epithelium 1.10E-03 1.23E-01 4.31E-01
Chronic rhinosinusitis CA0A Sinus mucosa tissue 3.20E-02 -3.25E-01 -1.14E+00
Colon cancer 2B90 Colon tissue 7.94E-12 -1.92E-01 -6.20E-01
Coronary artery disease BA80-BA8Z Peripheral blood 1.79E-01 -2.96E-01 -1.00E+00
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 2A81 Tonsil tissue 6.68E-01 4.32E-02 2.32E-01
Endometriosis GA10 Endometrium tissue 1.19E-01 -6.26E-01 -5.19E-01
Familial hypercholesterolemia 5C80.00 Peripheral blood 3.39E-01 2.07E-02 1.29E-01
Familial hypercholesterolemia 5C80.00 Whole blood 9.42E-03 2.07E-01 1.13E+00
Gastric cancer 2B72 Gastric tissue 1.95E-01 -1.64E-01 -1.43E+00
Glioblastopma 2A00.00 Nervous tissue 4.84E-99 -5.02E-01 -1.56E+00
Glioma 2A00.0Y-2A00.0Z Brain stem tissue 2.48E-01 -1.03E-01 -1.77E+00
Glioma 2A00.0Y-2A00.0Z White matter tissue 1.95E-01 -4.20E-01 -9.69E-01
Head and neck cancer 2D42 Head and neck tissue 1.90E-10 -1.82E-01 -8.50E-01
HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment 8A2Y-8A2Z White matter tissue 9.20E-02 -7.92E-02 -3.74E-01
Huntington's disease 8A01.10 Whole blood 3.07E-02 2.58E-01 1.42E+00
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis CB03.4 Lung tissue 8.19E-01 1.23E-01 4.50E-01
Immunodeficiency 4A00-4A20 Peripheral blood 2.37E-01 5.16E-02 3.28E-01
Influenza 1E30 Whole blood 1.26E-01 3.55E-01 1.25E+00
Interstitial cystitis GC00.3 Bladder tissue 3.10E-02 -5.70E-01 -1.34E+00
Intracranial aneurysm 8B01.0 Intracranial artery 7.62E-01 -8.35E-02 -3.64E-01
Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Rectal colon tissue 6.08E-01 6.29E-02 2.49E-01
Ischemic stroke 8B11 Peripheral blood 6.85E-01 5.38E-02 2.61E-01
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis FA24 Peripheral blood 3.01E-02 7.65E-02 3.54E-01
Lateral sclerosis 8B60.4 Skin 6.35E-01 -5.77E-02 -8.86E-01
Lateral sclerosis 8B60.4 Cervical spinal cord 6.22E-01 7.95E-02 2.01E-01
Liver cancer 2C12.0 Liver tissue 1.61E-01 -1.64E-01 -4.43E-01
Liver failure DB99.7-DB99.8 Liver tissue 4.96E-01 3.52E-02 2.99E-01
Lung cancer 2C25 Lung tissue 2.57E-33 -4.16E-01 -1.27E+00
Lupus erythematosus 4A40 Whole blood 1.49E-02 -4.29E-02 -1.12E-01
Major depressive disorder 6A70-6A7Z Hippocampus 1.87E-01 -2.33E-02 -1.01E-01
Major depressive disorder 6A70-6A7Z Whole blood 9.21E-02 7.67E-02 3.58E-01
Melanoma 2C30 Skin 6.19E-01 -2.18E-01 -4.34E-01
Multiple myeloma 2A83.1 Peripheral blood 1.33E-01 1.19E-01 5.72E-01
Multiple myeloma 2A83.1 Bone marrow 8.95E-01 1.43E-01 3.41E-01
Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Plasmacytoid dendritic cells 7.01E-01 -6.11E-03 -2.28E-02
Myelodysplastic syndrome 2A36-2A3Z Bone marrow 3.88E-03 1.35E-01 6.20E-01
Myelofibrosis 2A20.2 Whole blood 7.77E-01 -5.31E-02 -3.17E-01
Myocardial infarction BA41-BA50 Peripheral blood 9.96E-01 2.36E-02 7.70E-02
Myopathy 8C70.6 Muscle tissue 5.75E-01 1.13E-01 4.05E-01
Neonatal sepsis KA60 Whole blood 7.84E-02 9.36E-02 2.65E-01
Neuroectodermal tumour 2A00.11 Brain stem tissue 9.77E-05 -6.99E-01 -1.91E+00
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease DB92 Liver tissue 5.86E-01 4.01E-02 1.95E-01
Obesity related type 2 diabetes 5A11 Omental adipose tissue 9.86E-02 -1.12E-01 -5.41E-01
Olive pollen allergy CA08.00 Peripheral blood 4.15E-01 1.84E-01 6.10E-01
Oral cancer 2B6E Oral tissue 1.15E-09 -4.65E-01 -1.57E+00
Osteoarthritis FA00-FA0Z Synovial tissue 6.08E-02 -1.66E-01 -8.51E-01
Osteoporosis FB83.1 Bone marrow 2.04E-02 3.80E-01 1.94E+00
Ovarian cancer 2C73 Ovarian tissue 3.85E-02 -5.54E-01 -8.31E-01
Pancreatic cancer 2C10 Pancreas 4.34E-01 2.16E-02 7.83E-02
Parkinson's disease 8A00.0 Substantia nigra tissue 6.03E-01 -8.17E-02 -2.69E-01
Pediatric respiratory syncytial virus infection CA40.11 Peripheral blood 4.64E-01 5.82E-03 2.72E-02
Pituitary cancer 2D12 Pituitary tissue 1.78E-02 -7.89E-01 -1.62E+00
Pituitary gonadotrope tumour 2D12 Pituitary tissue 8.82E-03 -9.22E-01 -2.00E+00
Polycystic ovary syndrome 5A80.1 Vastus lateralis muscle 2.52E-02 -7.89E-02 -5.37E-01
Polycythemia vera 2A20.4 Whole blood 3.45E-06 1.01E-01 5.58E-01
Pompe disease 5C51.3 Biceps muscle 2.24E-01 -1.47E-01 -6.77E-01
Preterm birth KA21.4Z Myometrium 7.41E-01 2.64E-01 4.80E-01
Prostate cancer 2C82 Prostate 7.25E-02 -2.14E-01 -3.49E-01
Psoriasis EA90 Skin 6.39E-07 -1.54E-01 -4.54E-01
Rectal cancer 2B92 Rectal colon tissue 7.85E-01 -6.96E-02 -1.86E-01
Renal cancer 2C90-2C91 Kidney 5.12E-04 -7.37E-01 -1.52E+00
Retinoblastoma 2D02.2 Uvea 6.19E-05 -6.31E-01 -3.54E+00
Rheumatoid arthritis FA20 Synovial tissue 6.98E-03 2.54E-01 9.13E-01
Rhinovirus infection CA42.1 Nasal epithelium tissue 8.33E-01 -1.33E-02 -1.05E-01
Schizophrenia 6A20 Prefrontal cortex 7.44E-01 -3.88E-02 -1.09E-01
Schizophrenia 6A20 Superior temporal cortex 7.11E-01 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
Scleroderma 4A42.Z Whole blood 6.81E-02 -7.01E-02 -6.25E-01
Seizure 8A60-8A6Z Whole blood 4.90E-01 -4.59E-02 -1.81E-01
Sensitive skin EK0Z Skin 2.33E-01 -1.09E-01 -5.74E-01
Sepsis with septic shock 1G41 Whole blood 9.87E-01 -3.41E-03 -9.65E-03
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome 3A70.0 Bone marrow 9.97E-01 -3.09E-02 -1.23E-01
Sickle cell disease 3A51.0-3A51.3 Peripheral blood 1.24E-01 4.24E-01 1.11E+00
Simpson golabi behmel syndrome LD2C Adipose tissue 1.12E-01 1.14E-01 1.28E+00
Sjogren's syndrome 4A43.2 Salivary gland tissue 5.99E-01 -2.03E-01 -1.31E+00
Skin cancer 2C30-2C3Z Skin 7.06E-18 -4.40E-01 -9.08E-01
Thrombocythemia 3B63 Whole blood 1.03E-02 1.05E-01 6.14E-01
Thrombocytopenia 3B64 Whole blood 7.27E-01 3.83E-02 1.49E-01
Thyroid cancer 2D10 Thyroid 1.39E-04 -9.51E-02 -3.43E-01
Tibial muscular dystrophy 8C75 Muscle tissue 3.45E-02 -2.90E-01 -6.38E-01
Tuberous sclerosis complex LD2D.2 Perituberal tissue 3.97E-02 -1.78E-01 -1.56E+01
Type 2 diabetes 5A11 Liver tissue 2.73E-02 -1.02E-01 -6.85E-01
Ureter cancer 2C92 Urothelium 6.57E-01 -1.24E-01 -2.90E-01
Uterine cancer 2C78 Endometrium tissue 9.35E-19 -9.31E-01 -1.01E+00
Vitiligo ED63.0 Skin 4.72E-01 -1.02E-01 -4.56E-01
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⏷ Show the Full List of DME Expression Under 107 Diseases

References

1 Vitamin A metabolism by dendritic cells triggers an antimicrobial response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. mSphere. 2019 Jun 5;4(3). pii: e00327-19.