General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTP1MJGP)

DOT Name Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6)
Synonyms VGluT2; Differentiation-associated BNPI; Differentiation-associated Na(+)-dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter; Solute carrier family 17 member 6
Gene Name SLC17A6
UniProt ID
VGLU2_HUMAN
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
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3D Structure (PDB)
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Pfam ID
PF07690
Sequence
MESVKQRILAPGKEGLKNFAGKSLGQIYRVLEKKQDTGETIELTEDGKPLEVPERKAPLC
DCTCFGLPRRYIIAIMSGLGFCISFGIRCNLGVAIVDMVNNSTIHRGGKVIKEKAKFNWD
PETVGMIHGSFFWGYIITQIPGGYIASRLAANRVFGAAILLTSTLNMLIPSAARVHYGCV
IFVRILQGLVEGVTYPACHGIWSKWAPPLERSRLATTSFCGSYAGAVIAMPLAGILVQYT
GWSSVFYVYGSFGMVWYMFWLLVSYESPAKHPTITDEERRYIEESIGESANLLGAMEKFK
TPWRKFFTSMPVYAIIVANFCRSWTFYLLLISQPAYFEEVFGFEISKVGMLSAVPHLVMT
IIVPIGGQIADFLRSKQILSTTTVRKIMNCGGFGMEATLLLVVGYSHTRGVAISFLVLAV
GFSGFAISGFNVNHLDIAPRYASILMGISNGVGTLSGMVCPIIVGAMTKNKSREEWQYVF
LIAALVHYGGVIFYAIFASGEKQPWADPEETSEEKCGFIHEDELDEETGDITQNYINYGT
TKSYGATTQANGGWPSGWEKKEEFVQGEVQDSHSYKDRVDYS
Function
Multifunctional transporter that transports L-glutamate as well as multiple ions such as chloride, proton, potassium, sodium and phosphate. At the synaptic vesicle membrane, mainly functions as a uniporter which transports preferentially L-glutamate but also, phosphate from the cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells. The L-glutamate or phosphate uniporter activity is electrogenic and is driven by the proton electrochemical gradient, mainly by the electrical gradient established by the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase across the synaptic vesicle membrane. In addition, functions as a chloride channel that allows the chloride permeation through the synaptic vesicle membrane therefore affects the proton electrochemical gradient and promotes synaptic vesicles acidification. Moreover, functions as a vesicular K(+)/H(+) antiport allowing to maintain the electrical gradient and to decrease chemical gradient and therefore sustain vesicular glutamate uptake. The vesicular H(+)/H(+) antiport activity is electroneutral. At the plasma membrane, following exocytosis, functions as a symporter of Na(+) and phosphate from the extracellular space to the cytoplasm allowing synaptic phosphate homeostasis regulation (Probable). The symporter activity is driven by an inside negative membrane potential and is electrogenic (Probable). Also involved in the regulation of retinal hyaloid vessel regression during postnatal development. May also play a role in the endocrine glutamatergic system of other tissues such as pineal gland and pancreas.
Tissue Specificity
Predominantly expressed in adult brain . Expressed in amygdala, caudate nucleus, cerebral cortex, frontal lobe, hippocampus, medulla, occipital lobe, putamen, spinal cord, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, temporal lobe and thalamus .
KEGG Pathway
Sy.ptic vesicle cycle (hsa04721 )
Retrograde endocan.binoid sig.ling (hsa04723 )
Glutamatergic sy.pse (hsa04724 )
Nicotine addiction (hsa05033 )
Reactome Pathway
Organic anion transporters (R-HSA-428643 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
2 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Valproate DMCFE9I Approved Valproate decreases the methylation of Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6). [1]
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene increases the methylation of Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6). [6]
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5 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Approved Ciclosporin decreases the expression of Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6). [2]
Dexamethasone DMMWZET Approved Dexamethasone increases the expression of Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6). [3]
Cytarabine DMZD5QR Approved Cytarabine increases the expression of Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6). [4]
SNDX-275 DMH7W9X Phase 3 SNDX-275 decreases the expression of Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6). [5]
Deguelin DMXT7WG Investigative Deguelin decreases the expression of Vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (SLC17A6). [7]
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References

1 Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
2 Evaluation of a human iPSC-derived BBB model for repeated dose toxicity testing with cyclosporine A as model compound. Toxicol In Vitro. 2021 Jun;73:105112. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105112. Epub 2021 Feb 22.
3 Neuronal and cardiac toxicity of pharmacological compounds identified through transcriptomic analysis of human pluripotent stem cell-derived embryoid bodies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2021 Dec 15;433:115792. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115792. Epub 2021 Nov 3.
4 Cytosine arabinoside induces ectoderm and inhibits mesoderm expression in human embryonic stem cells during multilineage differentiation. Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;162(8):1743-56.
5 Definition of transcriptome-based indices for quantitative characterization of chemically disturbed stem cell development: introduction of the STOP-Toxukn and STOP-Toxukk tests. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Feb;91(2):839-864.
6 Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 3;8(1):1369-1391. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13622.
7 Neurotoxicity and underlying cellular changes of 21 mitochondrial respiratory chain inhibitors. Arch Toxicol. 2021 Feb;95(2):591-615. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02970-5. Epub 2021 Jan 29.