Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC0WYT9)

Drug Combination Name
Misoprostol Dinoprostone
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Cervical Ripening Phase 1 [1]
Component Drugs Misoprostol   DMHVJFK Dinoprostone   DMTYOPD
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Misoprostol
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [2]
Postpartum haemorrhage JA43 Approved [3]
Misoprostol Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Prostacyclin receptor (PTGIR) TTOFYT1 PI2R_HUMAN Antagonist [5]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Misoprostol Interacts with 1 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Interleukin-23 subunit alpha (IL23A) OTYO99HC IL23A_HUMAN Increases Expression [6]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Indication(s) of Dinoprostone
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Medical abortion JA00.1Z Approved [4]
Dinoprostone Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 (PTGER2) TT1ZAVI PE2R2_HUMAN Antagonist [8]
Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor (PTGFR) TTT2ZAR PF2R_HUMAN Antagonist [8]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dinoprostone Interacts with 18 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Organic anion transporter 2 (SLC22A7) DT0OC1Q S22A7_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Organic cation transporter 2 (SLC22A2) DT9IDPW S22A2_HUMAN Substrate [11]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1) DT3D8F0 SO1B1_HUMAN Substrate [12]
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) DTT79CX S22A1_HUMAN Substrate [11]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (ABCC4) DTCSGPB MRP4_HUMAN Substrate [13]
Organic anion transporter 1 (SLC22A6) DTQ23VB S22A6_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) DTVP67E S22A8_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Organic anion transporter 4 (SLC22A11) DT06JWZ S22AB_HUMAN Substrate [10]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (SLCO1A2) DTE2B1D SO1A2_HUMAN Substrate [14]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (SLCO2B1) DTPFTEQ SO2B1_HUMAN Substrate [15]
Organic solute transporter subunit alpha (SLC51A) DTMEQ32 OSTA_HUMAN Substrate [16]
Organic solute transporter subunit beta (SLC51B) DT1V9AJ OSTB_HUMAN Substrate [16]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1C1 (SLCO1C1) DTPYCQ4 SO1C1_HUMAN Substrate [17]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2A1 (SLCO2A1) DT021JD SO2A1_HUMAN Substrate [15]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 3A1 (SLCO3A1) DTVNRXW SO3A1_HUMAN Substrate [18]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 4A1 (SLCO4A1) DT8H2IC SO4A1_HUMAN Substrate [15]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 5A1 (SLCO5A1) DTYVQ5M SO5A1_HUMAN Substrate [19]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 18 DTP(s)
Dinoprostone Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Metabolism [20]
Cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) DE3GT9C CP4F2_HUMAN Metabolism [21]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dinoprostone Interacts with 88 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (SLCO2A1) OT3062CA SO2A1_HUMAN Increases Transport [22]
Solute carrier family 22 member 7 (SLC22A7) OTKTNH1W S22A7_HUMAN Increases Transport [23]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) OT8BY933 S22A8_HUMAN Affects Transport [24]
11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2) OTHF4H9U DHI2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [25]
Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) OT1MDLA1 CREB1_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [26]
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 (ATF1) OT251CI0 ATF1_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [26]
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2) OT75U9M4 PGH2_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) OT0DWXXB IL1B_HUMAN Increases Expression [27]
Aromatase (CYP19A1) OTZ6XF74 CP19A_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) OTOXC51H TIMP1_HUMAN Increases Expression [29]
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) OTB2QDAV MMP9_HUMAN Increases Expression [29]
11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1) OTO7FJA9 DHI1_HUMAN Increases Activity [30]
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17A1) OTZKVLVJ CP17A_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial (CYP11A1) OT2NV3AN CP11A_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 2 (HSD3B2) OT02MSKN 3BHS2_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Estrogen receptor (ESR1) OTKLU61J ESR1_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [32]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) OTYXFLSD CP1B1_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 (ESRRA) OTTDTUSP ERR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Actin, aortic smooth muscle (ACTA2) OTEDLG8E ACTA_HUMAN Increases Expression [34]
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 (ATF3) OTC1UOHP ATF3_HUMAN Increases Expression [35]
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) OTAYZMOY SIR1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
C-C motif chemokine 22 (CCL22) OTT3QJC2 CCL22_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Proepiregulin (EREG) OTRM4NQY EREG_HUMAN Increases Expression [37]
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) OTAPLO1S EGFR_HUMAN Increases Expression [38]
Protein c-Fos (FOS) OTJBUVWS FOS_HUMAN Increases Expression [39]
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) OTPV5LUK MYC_HUMAN Increases Expression [40]
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) OT4IE164 TNFA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Interferon gamma (IFNG) OTXG9JM7 IFNG_HUMAN Decreases Expression [41]
Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2RA) OT0MWCHG IL2RA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [42]
Collagen alpha-1(I) chain (COL1A1) OTI31178 CO1A1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [43]
Transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFRC) OT8ZPBDL TFR1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [44]
Interleukin-4 (IL4) OTOXBWAU IL4_HUMAN Increases Secretion [41]
Interleukin-5 (IL5) OTAFPSCO IL5_HUMAN Increases Secretion [41]
Interleukin-6 (IL6) OTUOSCCU IL6_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Secretion [45]
C-C motif chemokine 3 (CCL3) OTW2H3ND CCL3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2) OT9DVHC0 BCL2_HUMAN Increases Expression [46]
Cadherin-1 (CDH1) OTFJMXPM CADH1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [38]
C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4) OT6B8P25 CCL4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) OTAD2HEL CCL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5) OTSCA5CK CCL5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Phospholipase A2, membrane associated (PLA2G2A) OT1NY7BF PA2GA_HUMAN Increases Expression [47]
Interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL1R1) OTTU8959 IL1R1_HUMAN Increases Expression [6]
Amphiregulin (AREG) OTJFOR67 AREG_HUMAN Increases Expression [48]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A) OT2D9DOV TNR1A_HUMAN Increases Activity [49]
Interleukin-10 (IL10) OTIRFRXC IL10_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Increases Activity [50]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Increases Activity [50]
Interleukin-12 subunit beta (IL12B) OT0JF8A3 IL12B_HUMAN Increases Expression [51]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) OT8H2YY7 AKT1_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [52]
Cytokine receptor common subunit gamma (IL2RG) OTRZ3OMY IL2RG_HUMAN Decreases Expression [53]
C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) OTHFUOYE CCR7_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) OTZ932A3 CTNB1_HUMAN Increases Expression [38]
Interleukin-13 (IL13) OTI4YS3Y IL13_HUMAN Increases Secretion [41]
Pro-adrenomedullin (ADM) OT7T0TA4 ADML_HUMAN Decreases Expression [54]
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype (PTGER4) OT2GBV06 PE2R4_HUMAN Increases Activity [55]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [56]
Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-1 (IL12RB1) OTM1IJO2 I12R1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [57]
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial (STAR) OTFEZ5AI STAR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [54]
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3B) OTL3L14B GSK3B_HUMAN Decreases Expression [38]
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma (RORC) OTUBFRPC RORG_HUMAN Increases Expression [6]
C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) OTP5FMZ4 CCR5_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Interleukin-2 (IL2) OTGI4NSA IL2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [44]
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) OTUFSBX2 CXCR4_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Pro-neuregulin-1, membrane-bound isoform (NRG1) OTZO6F1X NRG1_HUMAN Increases Expression [58]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 (BIRC3) OT3E95KB BIRC3_HUMAN Increases Expression [56]
C-C motif chemokine 17 (CCL17) OTIKW21L CCL17_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-2 (IL12RB2) OTDLV8H8 I12R2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [57]
Interleukin-22 (IL22) OTW31FU9 IL22_HUMAN Decreases Expression [6]
Interleukin-23 subunit alpha (IL23A) OTYO99HC IL23A_HUMAN Increases Expression [6]
Interleukin-26 (IL26) OT2WYCW4 IL26_HUMAN Decreases Expression [6]
T-box transcription factor TBX21 (TBX21) OT3UK5KE TBX21_HUMAN Decreases Expression [6]
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain (CGA) OT00U3Y3 GLHA_HUMAN Increases Secretion [59]
Short transient receptor potential channel 7 (TRPC7) OT3F0RUV TRPC7_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [60]
Pro-epidermal growth factor (EGF) OTANRJ0L EGF_HUMAN Increases Abundance [52]
Prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES) OTB7YQFU PTGES_HUMAN Increases Abundance [61]
Platelet-derived growth factor subunit A (PDGFA) OTCMZ0W8 PDGFA_HUMAN Increases Abundance [50]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 (GSTM2) OTG4WT05 GSTM2_HUMAN Affects Chemical Synthesis [62]
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 (PTGS1) OTHCRLEC PGH1_HUMAN Increases Chemical Synthesis [63]
Catalase (CAT) OTHEBX9R CATA_HUMAN Decreases Abundance [64]
Fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20) OTJIQ8YZ FGF20_HUMAN Increases Abundance [65]
Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) OTKFD7R4 A4_HUMAN Increases Secretion [66]
Vasopressin V1a receptor (AVPR1A) OTKR8AFL V1AR_HUMAN Increases ADR [67]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 (GSTM3) OTLA2WJT GSTM3_HUMAN Affects Chemical Synthesis [62]
Prothrombin (F2) OTNFSM49 THRB_HUMAN Increases Secretion [68]
Interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A) OTPSGILV IL1A_HUMAN Increases Abundance [69]
Cytochrome P450 4A11 (CYP4A11) OTPU5J0S CP4AB_HUMAN Increases Secretion [70]
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) OTYZI6JB PGDH_HUMAN Increases Metabolism [71]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of 88 DOT(s)

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication DrugCom ID Cell Line Status REF
Premature Rupture of Membranes at Term DC4V2C6 N. A. Phase 1 [72]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

References

1 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01620814) Intravaginal Misoprostol Versus Dinoprostone Before Diagnostik Hysteroscopy
2 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1936).
3 Misoprostol FDA Label
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1916).
5 Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J Biol Chem. 2003 Feb 28;278(9):6947-58.
6 Prostaglandin E2 regulates Th17 cell differentiation and function through cyclic AMP and EP2/EP4 receptor signaling. J Exp Med. 2009 Mar 16;206(3):535-48. doi: 10.1084/jem.20082293. Epub 2009 Mar 9.
7 [The effect of cyclooxygenase-2 on lymphangiogenesis in breast cancer]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Jan 15;46(2):132-5.
8 Evaluation of WO 2012/177618 A1 and US-2014/0179750 A1: novel small molecule antagonists of prostaglandin-E2 receptor EP2.Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2015 Jul;25(7):837-44.
9 Multidrug resistance associated protein 2 mediates transport of prostaglandin E2. Liver Int. 2006 Apr;26(3):362-8.
10 Human organic anion transporters and human organic cation transporters mediate renal transport of prostaglandins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Apr;301(1):293-8.
11 Are organic cation transporters capable of transporting prostaglandins? Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2005 Aug;372(2):125-30.
12 Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1: a genetically polymorphic transporter of major importance for hepatic drug uptake. Pharmacol Rev. 2011 Mar;63(1):157-81.
13 The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9.
14 Localization of organic anion transporting polypeptide 4 (Oatp4) in rat liver and comparison of its substrate specificity with Oatp1, Oatp2 and Oatp3. Pflugers Arch. 2001 Nov;443(2):188-95.
15 Molecular identification and characterization of novel members of the human organic anion transporter (OATP) family. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jun 24;273(1):251-60.
16 Functional complementation between a novel mammalian polygenic transport complex and an evolutionarily ancient organic solute transporter, OSTalpha-OSTbeta. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 25;278(30):27473-82.
17 Identification of a novel human organic anion transporting polypeptide as a high affinity thyroxine transporter. Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Oct;16(10):2283-96.
18 Molecular characterization of human and rat organic anion transporter OATP-D. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2003 Dec;285(6):F1188-97.
19 Expression and regulation of prostaglandin transporters, ATP-binding cassette, subfamily C, member 1 and 9, and solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 2A1 and 5A1 in the uterine endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in pigs. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2017 May;30(5):643-652.
20 Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines in human adenocarcinoma colon cells. Mol Carcinog. 2004 Jul;40(3):180-8.
21 Cloning and characterization of CYP4F21: a prostaglandin E2 20-hydroxylase of ram seminal vesicles. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 May 1;389(1):123-9.
22 Influence of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the function of the prostaglandin transporter organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2A1 expressed in human gastroduodenal mucosa. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Feb;332(2):345-51. doi: 10.1124/jpet.109.154518. Epub 2009 Oct 20.
23 Transport mechanism and substrate specificity of human organic anion transporter 2 (hOat2 [SLC22A7]). J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 May;57(5):573-8.
24 Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86.
25 Prostaglandins and leukotriene B4 are potent inhibitors of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity in human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells. Biol Reprod. 1999 Jul;61(1):40-5.
26 Ketoconazole suppresses prostaglandin E(2)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human epidermoid carcinoma A-431 cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Jul;119(1):174-81.
27 Cyclooxygenase-2 expression by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human airway smooth muscle cells: role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. J Immunol. 2003 Jan 15;170(2):1043-51.
28 Aromatase in endometriosis and uterine leiomyomata. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 May;95(1-5):57-62.
29 R(+)-methanandamide and other cannabinoids induce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and matrix metalloproteinases in human nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Mar;316(3):1219-28.
30 PTGER1 and PTGER2 receptors mediate regulation of progesterone synthesis and type 1 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by prostaglandin E2 in human granulosa lutein cells. J Endocrinol. 2007 Sep;194(3):595-602.
31 Prostaglandin E2 via steroidogenic factor-1 coordinately regulates transcription of steroidogenic genes necessary for estrogen synthesis in endometriosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Feb;94(2):623-31.
32 Prostaglandin E2 induces CYP1B1 expression via ligand-independent activation of the ERalpha pathway in human breast cancer cells. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Apr;114(2):204-16.
33 Estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha mediates up-regulation of aromatase expression by prostaglandin E2 in prostate stromal cells. Mol Endocrinol. 2010 Jun;24(6):1175-86.
34 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-ligand axis mediates pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation through increased arachidonic acid metabolism. Toxicology. 2016 Aug 31;370:116-126.
35 Prostaglandin E2 down-regulates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), leading to elevated levels of aromatase, providing insights into the obesity-breast cancer connection. J Biol Chem. 2019 Jan 4;294(1):361-371.
36 Maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) in the presence of prostaglandin E2 optimizes CD4 and CD8 T cell-mediated responses to protein antigens: role of PGE2 in chemokine and cytokine expression by MoDCs. Int Immunol. 2005 Dec;17(12):1561-72. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxh335. Epub 2005 Nov 22.
37 PGE2 up-regulates EGF-like growth factor biosynthesis in human granulosa cells: new insights into the coordination between PGE2 and LH in ovulation. Mol Hum Reprod. 2006 Oct;12(10):593-9. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gal068. Epub 2006 Aug 3.
38 Cryptotanshinone (Dsh-003) from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge inhibits prostaglandin E2-induced survival and invasion effects in HA22T hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Environ Toxicol. 2018 Dec;33(12):1254-1260. doi: 10.1002/tox.22633. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
39 Prostaglandin E2 and the protein kinase A pathway mediate arachidonic acid induction of c-fos in human prostate cancer cells. Br J Cancer. 2000 Jun;82(12):2000-6. doi: 10.1054/bjoc.2000.1143.
40 Prostaglandin E2 induces apoptosis in resting immature and mature human lymphocytes: a c-Myc-dependent and Bcl-2-independent associated pathway. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Jun;277(3):1793-800.
41 Etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis--an overview. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2005;13(1):54-62.
42 Prostaglandin E2 inhibits human T-cell proliferation after crosslinking of the CD3-Ti complex by directly affecting T cells at an early step of the activation process. Cell Immunol. 1987 Jan;104(1):24-36. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(87)90003-7.
43 Interleukin-1 beta and phenytoin reduce alpha 1 (I) procollagen mRNA expression in human gingival fibroblasts. J Periodontal Res. 1996 Nov;31(8):563-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1996.tb00521.x.
44 Prostaglandin E2 acts at two distinct pathways of T lymphocyte activation: inhibition of interleukin 2 production and down-regulation of transferrin receptor expression. J Immunol. 1985 Aug;135(2):1172-9.
45 CHOP transcription factor mediates IL-8 signaling in cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2008 Feb;38(2):176-84. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2007-0197OC. Epub 2007 Aug 20.
46 Modulation of apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression by prostaglandin E2 in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res. 1998 Jan 15;58(2):362-6.
47 Impact of CFTR DeltaF508 mutation on prostaglandin E2 production and type IIA phospholipase A2 expression by pulmonary epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2005 Nov;289(5):L816-24. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00466.2004. Epub 2005 Jun 17.
48 The epidermal growth factor-like growth factor amphiregulin is strongly induced by the adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate pathway in various cell types. Endocrinology. 2004 Nov;145(11):5177-84. doi: 10.1210/en.2004-0232. Epub 2004 Jul 29.
49 Selective inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 induces apoptosis of human endometriotic cells through suppression of ERK1/2, AKT, NFkappaB, and beta-catenin pathways and activation of intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms. Mol Endocrinol. 2009 Aug;23(8):1291-305. doi: 10.1210/me.2009-0017. Epub 2009 Apr 30.
50 Celecoxib induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis through inhibition of Akt activation and suppresses hepatic fibrosis in rats. Gut. 2009 Nov;58(11):1517-27. doi: 10.1136/gut.2008.157420. Epub 2009 Feb 6.
51 Prostaglandin E(2) is a selective inducer of interleukin-12 p40 (IL-12p40) production and an inhibitor of bioactive IL-12p70 heterodimer. Blood. 2001 Jun 1;97(11):3466-9. doi: 10.1182/blood.v97.11.3466.
52 Hydrocortisone and indomethacin negatively modulate EGF-R signaling in human fetal intestine. Pediatr Res. 2007 Nov;62(5):570-5. doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e318155ac3b.
53 Tumor-shed PGE(2) impairs IL2Rgammac-signaling to inhibit CD4 T cell survival: regulation by theaflavins. PLoS One. 2009 Oct 8;4(10):e7382. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007382.
54 Expression of adrenomedullin in human ovaries, ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors and cultured granulosa-luteal cells. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2009 Feb;25(2):96-103. doi: 10.1080/09513590802488412.
55 Role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, subunit and cAMP-response element binding protein 1 in synergistic release of interleukin 8 by prostaglandin E2 and nickel in lung fibroblasts. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2013 Jul;49(1):105-13. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0297OC.
56 Inhibition of apoptosis in normal and transformed intestinal epithelial cells by cAMP through induction of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jul 22;100(15):8921-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1533221100. Epub 2003 Jul 1.
57 Prostaglandin E2 and dexamethasone inhibit IL-12 receptor expression and IL-12 responsiveness. J Immunol. 1998 Sep 15;161(6):2723-30.
58 Heregulin-alpha and heregulin-beta expression is linked to a COX-2-PGE2 pathway in human gastric fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006 Jun;290(6):G1243-51. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00253.2005. Epub 2005 Dec 15.
59 Endocrine disruptors and human reproductive failure: the in?vitro effect of phthalates on human luteal cells. Fertil Steril. 2014 Sep;102(3):831-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.05.041. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
60 PGE2-induced apoptotic cell death in K562 human leukaemia cells. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2006;17(5-6):201-10. doi: 10.1159/000094125. Epub 2006 Jun 20.
61 Increase in PGE2 biosynthesis induces a Bax dependent apoptosis correlated to patients' survival in glioblastoma multiforme. Oncogene. 2007 Jul 26;26(34):4999-5009. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210303. Epub 2007 Mar 19.
62 Identification of mu-class glutathione transferases M2-2 and M3-3 as cytosolic prostaglandin E synthases in the human brain. Neurochem Res. 2000 May;25(5):733-8. doi: 10.1023/a:1007579507804.
63 Kinase-dependent, retinoic acid receptor-independent up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by all-trans retinoic acid in human mesangial cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Sep;149(2):215-25.
64 Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 by overexpression of the human catalase gene in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells. J Neurochem. 2000 Aug;75(2):614-23. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750614.x.
65 A novel human fibroblast growth factor treats experimental intestinal inflammation. Gastroenterology. 2002 Oct;123(4):1151-62. doi: 10.1053/gast.2002.36041.
66 Amyloid proteotoxicity initiates an inflammatory response blocked by cannabinoids. NPJ Aging Mech Dis. 2016 Jun 23;2:16012. doi: 10.1038/npjamd.2016.12. eCollection 2016.
67 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
68 Induction of HO-1 by carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 attenuates thrombin-induced COX-2 expression and hypertrophy in primary human cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2015 Dec 1;289(2):349-59. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.09.009. Epub 2015 Sep 15.
69 Induction of cyclooxygenase-1 in cultured synovial cells isolated from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Inflamm Res. 2004 Jun;53(6):217-22. doi: 10.1007/s00011-004-1260-6. Epub 2004 May 12.
70 Isoliquiritigenin induces growth inhibition and apoptosis through downregulating arachidonic acid metabolic network and the deactivation of PI3K/Akt in human breast cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 1;272(1):37-48.
71 Mutations in 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase cause primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Nat Genet. 2008 Jun;40(6):789-93. doi: 10.1038/ng.153. Epub 2008 May 25.
72 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00355303) Comparison of Misoprostol and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Gel for Induction of Labour in Premature Rupture of Membranes at Term