Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCD6281)

• Drug Combination Name: Triapine + Plicamycin
• Indication: Glioma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Triapine (DM7XZY5): Small molecular drug
  Plicamycin (DM7C8YV): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: SF-539
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 4.85
  Bliss Independence Score: 14.1
  Loewe Additivity Score: 6.97
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 6

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Triapine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Nerve injury	ND56.4	Phase 2	[2]

Triapine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase M2 (RRM2)	TTBWDI0	RIR2_HUMAN	Modulator	[2]

Triapine Interacts with 2 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Histone H2AX (H2AX)	OT18UX57	H2AX_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, mitochondrial (PRDX3)	OTLB2WEU	PRDX3_HUMAN	Increases Oxidation	[6]

Indication(s) of Plicamycin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Hypercalcaemia	5B91.0	Approved	[3]
Testicular cancer	2C80	Approved	[3]
Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Withdrawn from market	[4]
Lung cancer	2C25.0	Investigative	[5]
Ovarian cancer	2C73	Investigative	[5]

Plicamycin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
RNA synthesis (hRNA synth)	TTX2AYW	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[9]

Plicamycin Interacts with 16 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD17B2)	OT3K7HY5	DHB2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1)	OTE4EFH8	CP1A1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)	OTFE4EYE	AHR_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1)	OTYXFLSD	CP1B1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5)	OTILXZYL	BIRC5_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[12]
Epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1)	OTBKWQER	HYEP_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[13]
Transcription factor Sp1 (SP1)	OTISPT4X	SP1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC)	OTETYX40	SRC_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]
Tissue factor (F3)	OT3MSU3B	TF_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[15]
Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL)	OTKA2SUX	UFO_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Transcription factor Sp3 (SP3)	OTYDQZ1T	SP3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1)	OT2YYI1A	MCL1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
Epidermal growth factor receptor kinase substrate 8 (EPS8)	OTZ6ES6V	EPS8_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[14]
TNFAIP3-interacting protein 1 (TNIP1)	OTRAOTEW	TNIP1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[18]
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (SMPD3)	OTHQBETH	NSMA2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[19]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Colon adenocarcinoma	DCFSTII	COLO 205	Investigative	[20]
Adenocarcinoma	DCHGVTS	A549	Investigative	[1]
Cutaneous melanoma	DCMS7SF	SK-MEL-5	Investigative	[1]
Cutaneous melanoma	DCGRKRJ	SK-MEL-28	Investigative	[1]
Glioblastoma	DCBW9UE	SNB-75	Investigative	[1]
Glioma	DCFQJ0R	SF-295	Investigative	[1]
Large cell lung carcinoma	DC7EGTV	NCI-H460	Investigative	[1]
Malignant melanoma	DC23E9L	LOX IMVI	Investigative	[1]
Melanoma	DC71BCQ	MALME-3M	Investigative	[1]

References

• [1] Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
• [2] PAN-811 inhibits oxidative stress-induced cell death of human Alzheimer's disease-derived and age-matched olfactory neuroepithelial cells via suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species. J Alzheimers Dis. 2009;17(3):611-9.
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [4] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 8394).
• [5] The Pluripotency Factor Musashi-2 Is a Novel Target for Lung Cancer Therapy.Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018 Apr;15(Supplement_2):S124.
• [6] The iron-chelating drug triapine causes pronounced mitochondrial thiol redox stress. Toxicol Lett. 2011 Mar 5;201(2):130-6. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.12.017. Epub 2010 Dec 31.
• [7] Distinct mechanisms of cell-kill by triapine and its terminally dimethylated derivative Dp44mT due to a loss or gain of activity of their copper(II) complexes. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014 Oct 1;91(3):312-22. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.08.006. Epub 2014 Aug 15.
• [8] The activity of a novel mithramycin analog is related to its binding to DNA, cellular accumulation, and inhibition of Sp1-driven gene transcription. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 Aug 5;219:123-32. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.05.019. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
• [9] Role of magnesium ion in mithramycin-DNA interaction: binding of mithramycin-Mg2+ complexes with DNA. Biochemistry. 1995 Jan 31;34(4):1376-85.
• [10] SP1 and SP3 mediate progesterone-dependent induction of the 17beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 gene in human endometrium. Biol Reprod. 2006 Oct;75(4):605-14.
• [11] Metformin suppresses CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 expression in breast cancer cells by down-regulating aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Oct 1;280(1):138-48.
• [12] Molecular mechanisms of transactivation and doxorubicin-mediated repression of survivin gene in cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 26;282(4):2615-25. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606203200. Epub 2006 Nov 22.
• [13] Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors regulate the basal expression of human microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) through interaction with the E1b far upstream promoter. Gene. 2014 Feb 15;536(1):135-44. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.053. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
• [14] Mithramycin inhibits human epithelial carcinoma cell proliferation and migration involving downregulation of Eps8 expression. Chem Biol Interact. 2010 Jan 5;183(1):181-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.09.018.
• [15] Asbestos induces tissue factor in Beas-2B human lung bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. Lung. 2004;182(4):251-64. doi: 10.1007/s00408-004-2507-2.
• [16] The human receptor tyrosine kinase Axl gene--promoter characterization and regulation of constitutive expression by Sp1, Sp3 and CpG methylation. Biosci Rep. 2008 Jun;28(3):161-76. doi: 10.1042/BSR20080046.
• [17] CREB/Sp1-mediated MCL1 expression and NFB-mediated ABCB1 expression modulate the cytotoxicity of daunorubicin in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Jan 15;435:115847. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115847. Epub 2021 Dec 25.
• [18] Sp sites contribute to basal and inducible expression of the human TNIP1 (TNF-inducible protein 3-interacting protein 1) promoter. Biochem J. 2013 Jun 15;452(3):519-29. doi: 10.1042/BJ20121666.
• [19] Transcriptional regulation of neutral sphingomyelinase 2 gene expression of a human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, induced by the anti-cancer drug, daunorubicin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Nov-Dec;1789(11-12):681-90. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2009.08.006. Epub 2009 Aug 19.
• [20] Biologically active neutrophil chemokine pattern in tonsillitis.Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Mar;135(3):511-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2003.02390.x.