Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCG68W3)

• Drug Combination Name: Valrubicin + Sirolimus
• Indication: Malignant melanoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Valrubicin (DMOYJFK): Small molecular drug
  Sirolimus (DMGW1ID): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: UACC62
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 4.71
  Bliss Independence Score: 3.38
  Loewe Additivity Score: 0.65
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 4.39

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Valrubicin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Bladder cancer	2C94	Approved	[2]
In situ carcinoma	N.A.	Approved	[3]
Urinary bladder cancer	N.A.	Approved	[3]
Psoriasis vulgaris	EA90	Phase 2	[4]

Valrubicin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2)	TT0IHXV	TOP2A_HUMAN; TOP2B_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[10]

Valrubicin Interacts with 1 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11)	OTRU7THO	ABCBB_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]

Indication(s) of Sirolimus

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Advanced cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[5]
Brainstem neoplasm	N.A.	Approved	[5]
Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[5]
Intracranial meningioma	N.A.	Approved	[5]
Lung cancer	2C25.0	Approved	[5]
Lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis	N.A.	Approved	[5]
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis	CB07	Approved	[6]
Mucosal melanoma	N.A.	Approved	[5]
Multiple myeloma	2A83	Approved	[4]
Multiple sclerosis	8A40	Approved	[5]
Non-small-cell lung cancer	2C25.Y	Approved	[5]
Organ transplant rejection	NE84	Approved	[7]
Plasma cell myeloma	2A83.1	Approved	[5]
Prostate cancer	2C82.0	Approved	[5]
Salivary gland squamous cell carcinoma	N.A.	Approved	[5]
Uveitis	9A96.Z	Phase 3	[8]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	1D6Y	Phase 2	[9]
Dutch elm disease	8D64	Phase 1/2	[7]
Castration-resistant prostate carcinoma	N.A.	Investigative	[5]
Neuroblastoma	2D11.2	Investigative	[5]
Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma	N.A.	Investigative	[5]
Polycystic kidney disease	GB8Y	Investigative	[5]
Rheumatoid arthritis	FA20	Investigative	[5]

Sirolimus Interacts with 3 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (mTOR)	TTCJG29	MTOR_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[12]
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (PAm pathway)	TTGQUFK	NOUNIPROTAC	Inhibitor	[13]
HUMAN mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)	TT7HQAF	MTOR_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[14]

Sirolimus Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[15]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1)	DT3D8F0	SO1B1_HUMAN	Substrate	[16]

Sirolimus Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[17]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[18]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[18]

Sirolimus Interacts with 3 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Interleukin-2 (IL2)	OTGI4NSA	IL2_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[19]
Calcineurin subunit B type 1 (PPP3R1)	OTGQNFJQ	CANB1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[19]
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma (RORC)	OTUBFRPC	RORG_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[19]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Adult acute myeloid leukemia	DCJWEPB	HL-60(TB)	Investigative	[20]
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma	DCQF0G8	SR	Investigative	[20]
Astrocytoma	DCIWRID	U251	Investigative	[20]
Astrocytoma	DCS9QAP	SNB-19	Investigative	[20]
Childhood T acute lymphoblastic leukemia	DC3N680	CCRF-CEM	Investigative	[20]
Chronic myelogenous leukemia	DC3O4D8	K-562	Investigative	[20]
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma	DCI7BXW	TK-10	Investigative	[20]
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma	DCOM3TF	CAKI-1	Investigative	[20]
Glioblastoma	DCKN7DO	SNB-75	Investigative	[20]
Glioma	DCY1J5O	SF-295	Investigative	[20]
Papillary renal cell carcinoma	DCSZQOU	ACHN	Investigative	[20]
Plasma cell myeloma	DCEICOV	RPMI-8226	Investigative	[20]
Renal cell carcinoma	DC3P4R2	UO-31	Investigative	[20]
Breast adenocarcinoma	DCBG1ER	MDA-MB-468	Investigative	[21]
Carcinoma	DCGUWQ6	RXF 393	Investigative	[21]
Carcinoma	DCBI0E8	MCF7	Investigative	[21]
Colon adenocarcinoma	DCMSPH5	COLO 205	Investigative	[21]
Invasive ductal carcinoma	DC9XMNP	T-47D	Investigative	[21]
Invasive ductal carcinoma	DCOHGQX	HS 578T	Investigative	[21]
Adenocarcinoma	DCDYF6O	DU-145	Investigative	[1]
Adenocarcinoma	DCS96QI	NCIH23	Investigative	[1]
Adenocarcinoma	DCA8N5T	SW-620	Investigative	[1]
Adenocarcinoma	DCCCKIU	HCC-2998	Investigative	[1]
Amelanotic melanoma	DCJHR1L	M14	Investigative	[1]
Cutaneous melanoma	DCF5UMD	SK-MEL-5	Investigative	[1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma	DCNOQ8V	OVCAR-4	Investigative	[1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma	DCZFIAV	OVCAR-8	Investigative	[1]
High grade ovarian serous adenocarcinoma	DCCFT8Y	OVCAR-5	Investigative	[1]
Large cell lung carcinoma	DCIY6XO	NCI-H460	Investigative	[1]
Lung adenocarcinoma	DC7SH0M	EKVX	Investigative	[1]
Lung adenocarcinoma	DC2MWYO	HOP-62	Investigative	[1]
Lung adenocarcinoma	DCLHAUO	MDA-MB-231	Investigative	[1]
Melanoma	DCVSLZL	MALME-3M	Investigative	[1]
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma	DC2QUWK	SK-OV-3	Investigative	[1]
Prostate carcinoma	DC164G2	PC-3	Investigative	[1]

References

• [1] Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
• [2] Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77.
• [3] Valrubicin FDA Label
• [4] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [5] Sirolimus FDA Label
• [6] FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2019. Application Number: (ANDA) 201578.
• [7] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6031).
• [8] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
• [9] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04341675) Sirolimus Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [10] Metabolic activation of N-acylanthracyclines precedes their interaction with DNA topoisomerase II. NCI Monogr. 1987;(4):111-5.
• [11] A multifactorial approach to hepatobiliary transporter assessment enables improved therapeutic compound development. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Nov;136(1):216-41.
• [12] Knockouts model the 100 best-selling drugs--will they model the next 100 Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2003 Jan;2(1):38-51.
• [13] The genomic landscape of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Nat Genet. 2014 Aug;46(8):866-71.
• [14] Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2. Cell Discov. 2020 Mar 16;6:14.
• [15] Pharmacogenetics of tacrolimus and sirolimus in renal transplant patients: from retrospective analyses to prospective studies. Transplant Proc. 2007 Sep;39(7):2142-4.
• [16] Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between the immunosuppressant sirolimus and the lipid-lowering drug ezetimibe in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Jun;87(6):663-7.
• [17] Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
• [18] Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
• [19] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
• [20] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [21] Biologically active neutrophil chemokine pattern in tonsillitis.Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Mar;135(3):511-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2003.02390.x.