Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM0SYAN)

• Drug Name: Almitrine
• Synonyms: Almitrin; Almitrina; Almitrinum; Vectarion; Almitrine bismesylate; Almitrine dimesylate; S 2620; Almitrina [INN-Spanish]; Almitrine (INN); Almitrine Bis(methanesulfonate); Almitrine [BAN:INN]; Almitrine [INN:BAN]; Almitrinum [INN-Latin]; N,N'-diallyl-6-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine; 2,4-Bis(allylamino)-6-(4-(bis(p-fluorophenyl)methyl)-1-piperazinyl)-s-triazine; 2,4-bis[allylamino]-6-[4-[bis(p-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]-s-triazine; 6-(4-(Bis(4-fluorphenyl)methyl)-1-piperazinyl)-N,N'-di-2-propenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2,4-diamin; 6-[4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-N,4-N-bis(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	CA22	Approved	[1]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	1D6Y	Phase 3	[2]

• Therapeutic Class: Antiinflammatory Agents
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 1:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 477.6
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); 5.6
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 10
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 9
• ADMET Property:
  Bioavailability: 63% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [3]
  Clearance: The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 0.97 mL/min/kg [4]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 1344 hours [4]
  Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.01% [4]
  Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 35.37 L/kg [4]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C26H29F2N7
  IUPAC Name: 6-[4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-N,4-N-bis(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
  Canonical SMILES: C=CCNC1=NC(=NC(=N1)N2CCN(CC2)C(C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=CC=C(C=C4)F)NCC=C
  InChI: InChI=1S/C26H29F2N7/c1-3-13-29-24-31-25(30-14-4-2)33-26(32-24)35-17-15-34(16-18-35)23(19-5-9-21(27)10-6-19)20-7-11-22(28)12-8-20/h3-12,23H,1-2,13-18H2,(H2,29,30,31,32,33)
  InChIKey: OBDOVFRMEYHSQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 33887
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:53778
  CAS Number: 27469-53-0
  DrugBank ID: DB01430
  TTD ID: D0D9NA
• Repurposed Drugs (RPD): Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Sodium pump subunit alpha-1 (ATP1A1)	TTWK8D0	AT1A1_HUMAN	Binder	[5]

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

• ICD Disease Classification: 12 Disease of the respiratory system
• Disease Class: ICD-11: CA23 Asthma
• The Studied Tissue: Lung tissue
• The Studied Disease: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [ICD-11:CA23]

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Sodium pump subunit alpha-1 (ATP1A1)	DTT	ATP1A1	4.66E-01	1.00E-02	0.06
Sodium pump subunit alpha-1 (ATP1A1)	DTT	ATP1A1	3.31E-01	-0.03	-0.19

References

• [1] Improving oxygenation during bronchopulmonary lavage using nitric oxide inhalation and almitrine infusion. Anesth Analg. 1999 Aug;89(2):302-4.
• [2] Efficacy of Intravenous Almitrine in Reducing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation in Patients With Hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Covid-19-related Pneumonia (AIRVM-COVID)
• [3] Critical Evaluation of Human Oral Bioavailability for Pharmaceutical Drugs by Using Various Cheminformatics Approaches
• [4] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [5] Almitrine, a new kind of energy-transduction inhibitor acting on mitochondrial ATP synthase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 Aug 3;975(3):325-9.