Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM5YBO1)

Drug Name

Levalbuterol

Synonyms

Levosalbutamol; 34391-04-3; (R)-salbutamol; Xopenex; R-Salbutamol; R-Albuterol; (r)-(-)-salbutamol; UNII-EDN2NBH5SS; 4-[(1R)-2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol; EDN2NBH5SS; CHEBI:8746; Levosalbutamol (INN); Levosalbutamol [INN]; (R)-albuterol; m-Xylene-alpha,alpha'-diol, alpha(sup 1)-((tert-butylamino)methyl)-4-hydroxy-, (R)-(-)-; (-)-alpha(sup 1)-(((1,1-Dimethylethyl)amino)methyl)-4-hydroxy-1,3-benzenedimethanol

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Asthma	CA23	Approved	[1], [2]

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

239.31

Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp)

0.3

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

5

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

4

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

4

ADMET Property

BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 3: high solubility and low permeability [3]
Elimination: The drug is excreted via urine [4]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 3.3 - 4 hours [5]
Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the intestine [6]
MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 2.22717 micromolar/kg/day [7]
Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 180 mg/mL [3]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C13H21NO3
IUPAC Name: 4-[(1R)-2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol
Canonical SMILES: CC(C)(C)NC[C@@H](C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)CO)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C13H21NO3/c1-13(2,3)14-7-12(17)9-4-5-11(16)10(6-9)8-15/h4-6,12,14-17H,7-8H2,1-3H3/t12-/m0/s1
InChIKey: NDAUXUAQIAJITI-LBPRGKRZSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 123600
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:8746
CAS Number: 34391-04-3
DrugBank ID: DB13139
TTD ID: D02ZJI
VARIDT ID: DR00051

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Adrenergic receptor beta-2 (ADRB2)	TT2CJVK	ADRB2_HUMAN	Antagonist	[8]

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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease

Asthma

ICD Disease Classification

CA23

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Adrenergic receptor beta-2 (ADRB2)	DTT	ADRB2	4.88E-01	-0.05	-0.12
Adrenergic receptor beta-2 (ADRB2)	DTT	ADRB2	7.10E-01	0.06	0.09

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA)

MEA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Levalbuterol (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Ivosidenib	DM8S6T7	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Levalbuterol and Ivosidenib.	Acute myeloid leukaemia [2A60]	[19]
Oliceridine	DM6MDCF	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Levalbuterol and Oliceridine.	Acute pain [MG31]	[19]
Selpercatinib	DMZR15V	Moderate	Increased risk of prolong QT interval by the combination of Levalbuterol and Selpercatinib.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[19]
Fluticasone	DMGCSVF	Minor	Increased risk of hypokalemia by the combination of Levalbuterol and Fluticasone.	Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08]	[20]
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References

1	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
2	Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005434)
3	BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
4	An FDA phase I clinical trial of quinacrine sterilization (QS). Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2003 Oct;83 Suppl 2:S45-9.
5	Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
6	FDA approval: ado-trastuzumab emtansine for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 1;20(17):4436-41.
7	Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
8	Beta-blockers in the treatment of hypertension: are there clinically relevant differences Postgrad Med. 2009 May;121(3):90-8.
9	Emerging drugs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2009 Mar;14(1):181-94.
10	Long-acting beta2-agonists for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with poorly reversible airflow limitation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(3):CD001104.
11	Potential of beta2-adrenoceptor agonists as add-on therapy for multiple sclerosis: focus on salbutamol (albuterol). CNS Drugs. 2002;16(1):1-8.
12	Arformoterol tartrate in the treatment of bronchoconstriction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Drugs Today (Barc). 2009 Jan;45(1):3-9.
13	Current therapeutic uses and potential of beta-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(6):389-404.
14	Pharmacogenetic tests in asthma therapy. Clin Lab Med. 2008 Dec;28(4):645-65.
15	Postischemic brain injury is attenuated in mice lacking the beta2-adrenergic receptor. Anesth Analg. 2009 Jan;108(1):280-7.
16	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
17	2014 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015 Feb;14(2):77-81.
18	Functional alpha1- and beta2-adrenergic receptors in human osteoblasts. J Cell Physiol. 2009 Jul;220(1):267-75.
19	Product Information. Arcapta Neohaler (indacaterol). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
20	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".