General Information of Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT) (ID: TTK59TV)

DTT Name Vitamin D3 receptor (VDR)
Synonyms Vitamin D(3) receptor; Nuclear vitamin D receptor; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 1; NR1I1; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor
Gene Name VDR
DTT Type
Successful target
[1]
BioChemical Class
Nuclear hormone receptor
UniProt ID
VDR_HUMAN
TTD ID
T34234
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
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3D Structure (PDB)
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Sequence
MEAMAASTSLPDPGDFDRNVPRICGVCGDRATGFHFNAMTCEGCKGFFRRSMKRKALFTC
PFNGDCRITKDNRRHCQACRLKRCVDIGMMKEFILTDEEVQRKREMILKRKEEEALKDSL
RPKLSEEQQRIIAILLDAHHKTYDPTYSDFCQFRPPVRVNDGGGSHPSRPNSRHTPSFSG
DSSSSCSDHCITSSDMMDSSSFSNLDLSEEDSDDPSVTLELSQLSMLPHLADLVSYSIQK
VIGFAKMIPGFRDLTSEDQIVLLKSSAIEVIMLRSNESFTMDDMSWTCGNQDYKYRVSDV
TKAGHSLELIEPLIKFQVGLKKLNLHEEEHVLLMAICIVSPDRPGVQDAALIEAIQDRLS
NTLQTYIRCRHPPPGSHLLYAKMIQKLADLRSLNEEHSKQYRCLSFQPECSMKLTPLVLE
VFGNEIS
Function
Enters the nucleus upon vitamin D3 binding where it forms heterodimers with the retinoid X receptor/RXR. The VDR-RXR heterodimers bind to specific response elements on DNA and activate the transcription of vitamin D3-responsive target genes. Plays a central role in calcium homeostasis. Nuclear receptor for calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D3 which mediates the action of this vitamin on cells.
KEGG Pathway
Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption (hsa04961 )
Mineral absorption (hsa04978 )
Tuberculosis (hsa05152 )
Reactome Pathway
Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway (R-HSA-383280 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DTT

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DTT
9 Approved Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Calcidiol DMN4CV5 Hypophosphatemia Approved [1]
Calcipotriol DM03CP7 Psoriasis EA90 Approved [2]
Calcitriol DM8ZVJ7 Congenital alopecia LC30 Approved [3]
Cholecalciferol DMGU74E Adult acute monocytic leukemia Approved [4]
Dihydrotachysterol DMFB97P Hypocalcemia 5B5K.1 Approved [5]
Doxercalciferol DM6FG1P Chronic kidney disease GB61 Approved [6]
Ergocalciferol DMHO0AR Hypoparathyroidism 5A50 Approved [1]
Falecalcitrol DMBI9ZJ Hyperparathyroidism 5A51 Approved [7]
Paricalcitol DMYBV3G Hyperparathyroidism 5A51 Approved [8]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 9 Approved Drug(s)
5 Clinical Trial Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
S-06911 DMAYTIH Osteoporosis FB83.0 Phase 3 [9]
Seocalcitol DMKL9QO Rickets 5B57 Phase 3 [10]
Inecalcitol oral DMU5SZP Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Phase 2 [11]
CTAP-201 DMHBK6L Hyperparathyroidism 5A51 Phase 1 [12]
RO-23-7553 DM9PQ2N Prostate disease GA91 Phase 1 [13]
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12 Patented Agent(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
PMID27454349-Compound-100 DM5LOST N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-101 DMQIYM6 N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-102 DMEGRMX N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-91 DMAN7CG N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-92 DMOEYVT N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-93 DMCTMB1 N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-94 DMK0SIM N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-95 DM17KL2 N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-96 DMW0TM1 N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-97 DMEXV6L N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-98 DMZKYMI N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
PMID27454349-Compound-99 DMH0CQU N. A. N. A. Patented [14]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 12 Patented Agent(s)
8 Discontinued Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Atocalcitol DM7OE9F Psoriasis vulgaris EA90 Discontinued in Phase 2 [15]
Lexacalcitol DMJ3ZT8 Solid tumour/cancer 2A00-2F9Z Discontinued in Phase 2 [16]
RO-26-9228 DMPB80O Urinary incontinence MF50.2 Discontinued in Phase 2 [9]
Tisocalcitate DMGF35T Psoriasis vulgaris EA90 Discontinued in Phase 2 [17]
BXL-746 DMUD6IK Inflammation 1A00-CA43.1 Discontinued in Phase 1 [18]
CB-1267 DM75KBM Prostate cancer 2C82.0 Terminated [19]
CEP-4186 DMZE0SJ Acute myeloid leukaemia 2A60 Terminated [20]
Ecalcidene DMUR1FK Acne vulgaris ED80 Terminated [21]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 8 Discontinued Drug(s)
10 Investigative Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
2MD DMPJT1C Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [22]
3-keto-lithocholic acid DM5LUED Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [23]
calcitriol-26,23-lactone DMZ45M6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [24]
gemini DMETRIS Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [25]
KSP-BCS-1-alpha-CHF2-1624F2-2 DMXBITO Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [26]
KSP-BCS-1-alpha-CHF2-20-epi-22-oxabishomo-26-OH DMJV3R7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [26]
LG190178 DMO1FCU Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [27]
MC-1301 DM5RVO0 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [28]
TEI-9647 DMLDAR4 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [29]
ZK159222 DMYRHK6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [30]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Investigative Drug(s)

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) of This DTT

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This DTT
Disease Name ICD 11 Studied Tissue p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Psoriasis EA90 Skin 1.08E-01 -0.22 -0.5
Prostate cancer 2C82 Prostate 1.69E-02 -0.23 -0.66
Osteoporosis FA20 Bone marrow 2.78E-01 0.26 0.81
Acute myelocytic leukaemia 2C82 Bone marrow 1.80E-03 -0.18 -0.42
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References

1 Vitamin D in health and disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Sep;3(5):1535-41.
2 Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the action of vitamin D analogs targeting vitiligo depigmentation. Curr Drug Targets. 2008 Apr;9(4):345-59.
3 Kaposi sarcoma is a therapeutic target for vitamin D(3) receptor agonist. Blood. 2000 Nov 1;96(9):3188-94.
4 [Vitamin D2 or vitamin D3]. Rev Med Interne. 2008 Oct;29(10):815-20.
5 In vivo metabolism of the vitamin D analog, dihydrotachysterol. Evidence for formation of 1 alpha,25- and 1 beta,25-dihydroxy-dihydrotachysterol metabolites and studies of their biological activity. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jan 5;268(1):282-92.
6 Emerging drugs for psoriasis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2009 Mar;14(1):145-63.
7 Synthesis and biological evaluations of A-ring isomers of 26,26,26,27,27,27-hexafluoro-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Bioorg Med Chem. 2000 Aug;8(8):2157-66.
8 New acquisitions in therapy of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease and peritoneal dialysis patients: role of vitamin D receptor... Contrib Nephrol. 2009;163:219-226.
9 Evidence for tissue- and cell-type selective activation of the vitamin D receptor by Ro-26-9228, a noncalcemic analog of vitamin D3. J Cell Biochem. 2003 Feb 1;88(2):267-73.
10 How many drug targets are there Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6.
11 Inecalcitol, an analog of 1,25D3, displays enhanced antitumor activity through the induction of apoptosis in a squamous cell carcinoma model system. Cell Cycle. 2013 Mar 1;12(5):743-52.
12 Vascular calcification and secondary hyperparathyroidism of severe chronic kidney disease and its relation to serum phosphate and calcium levels. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 April; 156(8): 1267-1278.
13 Three synthetic vitamin D analogues induce prostate-specific acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen while inhibiting the growth of human prostate cancer cells in a vitamin D receptor-dependent fashion. Clin Cancer Res. 1997 Aug;3(8):1331-8.
14 Vitamin D receptor 2016: novel ligands and structural insights.Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2016 Nov;26(11):1291-1306.
15 Elocalcitol, a vitamin D3 analog for the potential treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, overactive bladder and male infertility. IDrugs. 2009 Jun;12(6):381-93.
16 The vitamin D analog, KH1060, is rapidly degraded both in vivo and in vitro via several pathways: principal metabolites generated retain significant biological activity. Endocrinology. 1997 Dec;138(12):5485-96.
17 The Rationale Behind Topical Vitamin D Analogs in the Treatment of Psoriasis: Where Does Topical Calcitriol Fit In . J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2010 August; 3(8): 46-53.
18 Inter-species differences in sensitivity to the calcemic activity of the novel 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analog BXL746. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2008 Dec;52(3):332-41.
19 Novel 20-epi-vitamin D3 analog combined with 9-cis-retinoic acid markedly inhibits colony growth of prostate cancer cells. Prostate. 1999 Aug 1;40(3):141-9.
20 Novel vitamin D3 analog (CB1093) when combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin inhibit growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in vivo. Int J Oncol. 1998 Sep;13(3):421-8.
21 Degradation chemistry of a Vitamin D analogue (ecalcidene) investigated by HPLC-MS, HPLC-NMR and chemical derivatization. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2006 Mar 3;40(4):850-63.
22 New 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-19-norvitamin D3 compounds of high biological activity: synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-hydroxymethyl, 2-methyl, and 2-methylene analogues. J Med Chem. 1998 Nov 5;41(23):4662-74.
23 Vitamin D receptor as an intestinal bile acid sensor. Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1313-6.
24 Biological activity of 24,24-difluoro-1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone in inducing differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1983 Jan;220(1):90-4.
25 Novel Gemini analogs of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) with enhanced transcriptional activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Apr 1;67(7):1327-36.
26 Low-calcemic, highly antiproliferative, 1-difluoromethyl hybrid analogs of the natural hormone 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: design, synthesis, an... J Med Chem. 2006 Dec 14;49(25):7513-7.
27 Novel nonsecosteroidal vitamin D mimics exert VDR-modulating activities with less calcium mobilization than 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Chem Biol. 1999 May;6(5):265-75.
28 Effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its 20-epi analogues (MC 1288, MC 1301, KH 1060), on clonal keratinocyte growth: evidence for differentiati... Br J Pharmacol. 1997 Mar;120(6):1119-27.
29 Further synthetic and biological studies on vitamin D hormone antagonists based on C24-alkylation and C2alpha-functionalization of 25-dehydro-1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-26,23-lactones. J Med Chem. 2006 Nov 30;49(24):7063-75.
30 Carboxylic ester antagonists of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) show cell-specific actions. Chem Biol. 2000 Nov;7(11):885-94.