General Information of Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT) (ID: TTSKMI8)

DTT Name Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D)
Synonyms cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D; PDE43; DPDE3
Gene Name PDE4D
DTT Type
Successful target
[1]
BioChemical Class
Phosphoric diester hydrolase
UniProt ID
PDE4D_HUMAN
TTD ID
T02001
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
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3D Structure (PDB)
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EC Number
EC 3.1.4.53
Sequence
MEAEGSSAPARAGSGEGSDSAGGATLKAPKHLWRHEQHHQYPLRQPQFRLLHPHHHLPPP
PPPSPQPQPQCPLQPPPPPPLPPPPPPPGAARGRYASSGATGRVRHRGYSDTERYLYCRA
MDRTSYAVETGHRPGLKKSRMSWPSSFQGLRRFDVDNGTSAGRSPLDPMTSPGSGLILQA
NFVHSQRRESFLYRSDSDYDLSPKSMSRNSSIASDIHGDDLIVTPFAQVLASLRTVRNNF
AALTNLQDRAPSKRSPMCNQPSINKATITEEAYQKLASETLEELDWCLDQLETLQTRHSV
SEMASNKFKRMLNRELTHLSEMSRSGNQVSEFISNTFLDKQHEVEIPSPTQKEKEKKKRP
MSQISGVKKLMHSSSLTNSSIPRFGVKTEQEDVLAKELEDVNKWGLHVFRIAELSGNRPL
TVIMHTIFQERDLLKTFKIPVDTLITYLMTLEDHYHADVAYHNNIHAADVVQSTHVLLST
PALEAVFTDLEILAAIFASAIHDVDHPGVSNQFLINTNSELALMYNDSSVLENHHLAVGF
KLLQEENCDIFQNLTKKQRQSLRKMVIDIVLATDMSKHMNLLADLKTMVETKKVTSSGVL
LLDNYSDRIQVLQNMVHCADLSNPTKPLQLYRQWTDRIMEEFFRQGDRERERGMEISPMC
DKHNASVEKSQVGFIDYIVHPLWETWADLVHPDAQDILDTLEDNREWYQSTIPQSPSPAP
DDPEEGRQGQTEKFQFELTLEEDGESDTEKDSGSQVEEDTSCSDSKTLCTQDSESTEIPL
DEQVEEEAVGEEEESQPEACVIDDRSPDT
Function Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.
KEGG Pathway
Purine metabolism (hsa00230 )
cAMP signaling pathway (hsa04024 )
Morphine addiction (hsa05032 )
Reactome Pathway
G alpha (s) signalling events (R-HSA-418555 )
DARPP-32 events (R-HSA-180024 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DTT

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DTT
1 Approved Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Papaverine DMCA9QP Brain ischaemia 8B1Z Approved [1]
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20 Clinical Trial Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
DENBUFYLLINE DM2R15Q Cognitive impairment 6D71 Phase 3 [2]
SOTB07 DMIG4OX Asthma CA23 Phase 3 [3]
AN-2898 DMDK7CL Atopic dermatitis EA80 Phase 2 [4]
AWD-12-281 DMVADGZ Rhinitis FA20 Phase 2 [5]
BPN14770 DMWVPO0 Alzheimer disease 8A20 Phase 2 [6]
CC-1088 DMQ874W Crohn disease DD70 Phase 2 [7]
GPD-1116 DMOQ7YI Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [8]
HT-0712 DM2WP8F Cognitive impairment 6D71 Phase 2 [3]
LIRIMILAST DMD4KAU Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Phase 2 [9]
MK-0873 DM0568C Psoriasis vulgaris EA90 Phase 2 [10]
Oglemilast DMVC90W Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [11]
OX-914 DM5Q9RY Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [12]
Piclamilast DMYL7VR Rheumatoid arthritis FA20 Phase 2 [13]
Revamilast DM1FS2W Asthma CA23 Phase 2 [14]
TA-7906 DMZTAJL Atopic dermatitis EA80 Phase 2 [15]
TOFIMILAST DMLCUAS Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Phase 2 [9]
AVE-8112 DMZNTHJ Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Phase 1 [16]
GSK-356278 DMIEAMU Huntington disease 8A01.10 Phase 1 [17]
MEM-1414 DMA1KQV Mood disorder 6A60-6E23 Phase 1 [18]
Ronomilast DM82KWY Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Phase 1 [19]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 20 Clinical Trial Drug(s)
15 Discontinued Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
CDP840 DMUPJW4 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Discontinued in Phase 2 [20]
CI-1018 DM03XVA Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [21]
Daxalipram DMXO9BQ Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Discontinued in Phase 2 [22]
KW-4490 DMSWDKX Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [23]
LAS-37779 DM9J6BX Psoriasis vulgaris EA90 Discontinued in Phase 2 [24]
V-11294A DMEV1H5 Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [25]
D-4418 DMUPEJK Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma 2B01 Discontinued in Phase 1 [26]
SCH-351591 DMK40VO Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Discontinued in Phase 1 [27]
YM-976 DMCDK6S Asthma CA23 Discontinued in Phase 1 [9]
D-22888 DM7FTCV Allergy 4A80-4A85 Terminated [28]
GW-3600 DMSZH0I Asthma CA23 Terminated [29]
NIK-616 DM4U7XB Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Terminated [30]
TJN-598 DMKSPYI Glomerulonephritis 5D00.Y Terminated [31]
Torbafylline DMRBGI6 Peripheral vascular disease BD4Z Terminated [32]
ZAPRINAST DMGH3T5 N. A. N. A. Terminated [33]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 15 Discontinued Drug(s)
17 Investigative Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
1-Butyl-3-methyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione DM9GRN8 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [34]
1-Methyl-3-propyl-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione DM90LWT Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [34]
AL-59640 DMPHTX0 Xerophthalmia 5B55.Y Investigative [3]
ASP-3258 DMZ9GQR Respiratory tract inflammation CA07 Investigative [3]
CD-160130 DMT6M5E Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 2A82.0 Investigative [3]
CH-3697 DM0RFTJ Asthma CA23 Investigative [3]
CHF-5480 DM5T64L Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Investigative [3]
isobutylmethylxanthine DM46F5X Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [1]
KF-66490 DMOUW0A Atopic dermatitis EA80 Investigative [35]
L-454560 DM0P4V6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [36]
L-869298 DMKEDU6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [37]
OCID-2987 DM69O3S Inflammation 1A00-CA43.1 Investigative [3]
ROLIPRAM DMJ03UM Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [38]
RS-25344 DM0W2IS Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [39]
TAS-203 DM07FBL Respiratory tract inflammation CA07 Investigative [3]
UCB-101333-3 DMHYORU Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [40]
ZL-N-91 DM1H865 Lung inflammation CA40.Z Investigative [3]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 17 Investigative Drug(s)

References

1 The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42.
2 Pyrazolopyrimidine-2,4-dione sulfonamides: novel and selective calcitonin inducers. J Med Chem. 2002 May 23;45(11):2342-5.
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 1303).
4 An assessment of the genetic toxicology of novel boron-containing therapeutic agents. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2013 Jun;54(5):338-46.
5 The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor AWD 12-281 is active in a new guinea-pig model of allergic skin inflammation predictive of human skin penetration and suppresses both Th1 and Th2 cytokines in mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Dec;57(12):1609-17.
6 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
7 Thalidomide analogs and PDE4 inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1998 Oct 6;8(19):2669-74.
8 Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor GPD-1116 markedly attenuates the development of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in senescence-accelerated mice P1 s... Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2008 Feb;294(2):L196-204.
9 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
10 MK-0873, a PDE4 inhibitor, does not influence the pharmacokinetics of theophylline in healthy male volunteers. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2008;21(3):573-7.
11 Can the anti-inflammatory potential of PDE4 inhibitors be realized: guarded optimism or wishful thinking . Br J Pharmacol. 2008 October; 155(3): 288-290.
12 Orexo announces Phase IIa data on OX914 in rhinitis. Orexo. 24th March, 2009.
13 Effects of piclamilast, a selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, on oxidative burst of sputum cells from mild asthmatics and stable COPD patients. Lung. 2004;182(6):369-77.
14 WO patent application no. 2012,1109,46, Pharmaceutical composition comprising the pde4 enzyme inhibitor revamilast and a disease modifying agent, preferably methotrexate .
15 Potential role of phosphodiesterase 7 in human T cell function: comparative effects of two phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002 Jun;128(3):460-6.
16 Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: What is in the Pipeline . Neurotherapeutics. 2014 January; 11(1): 24-33.
17 GSK356278, a potent, selective, brain-penetrant phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor that demonstrates anxiolytic and cognition-enhancing effects without inducing side effects in preclinical species. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2014 Jul;350(1):153-63.
18 The effect of the novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor MEM 1414 on the allergen induced responses in mild asthma. BMC Pulm Med. 2014 Oct 28;14:166.
19 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Avarx.
20 Discovery of a substituted 8-arylquinoline series of PDE4 inhibitors: structure-activity relationship, optimization, and identification of a highly... Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Dec 1;15(23):5241-6.
21 New substituted triaza-benzo[cd]azulen-9-ones as promising phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Jun 21;14(12):3303-6.
22 Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 reduces ethanol intake and preference in C57BL/6J mice. Front Neurosci. 2014 May 27;8:129.
23 Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of KW-4490, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor: difference in excretion of KW-4490 and acylglucuronide metabolites between rats and cynomolgus monkeys. Xenobiotica. 2008 May;38(5):511-26.
24 Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800022894)
25 Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile following oral administration of the phosphodiesterase (PDE)4 inhibitor V11294A in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Nov;54(5):478-84.
26 Can the anti-inflammatory potential of PDE4 inhibitors be realized: guarded optimism or wishful thinking. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;155(3):288-90.
27 Synthesis and profile of SCH351591, a novel PDE4 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2002 Jun 17;12(12):1621-3.
28 Effects of a selective PDE4 inhibitor, D-22888, on human airways and eosinophils in vitro and late phase allergic pulmonary eosinophilia in guinea pigs. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Feb;11(1):13-21.
29 Dual inhibition of human type 4 phosphodiesterase isostates by (R, R)-(+/-)-methyl 3-acetyl-4-[3-(cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-3- methyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboxylate. Biochemistry. 1998 May 12;37(19):6894-904.
30 Preclinical trials in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Japan (PO). 2004
31 Effects of TJN-598, a new selective phosphodiesterase type IV inhibitor on anti-Thy1 nephritis in rats. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2011 Feb;15(1):14-24.
32 Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor torbafylline (HWA 448) attenuates burn-induced rat skeletal muscle proteolysis through the PDE4/cAMP/EPAC/PI3K/Akt pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2014 Aug 5;393(1-2):152-63.
33 8-Substituted analogues of 3-(3-cyclopentyloxy-4-methoxy-benzyl)-8-isopropyl-adenine: highly potent and selective PDE4 inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2005 Feb 24;48(4):1237-43.
34 Effects of alkyl substitutions of xanthine skeleton on bronchodilation. J Med Chem. 1992 Oct 30;35(22):4039-44.
35 Effect of orally administered KF66490, a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, on dermatitis in mouse models. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009 Jan;9(1):55-62.
36 The discovery and synthesis of highly potent subtype selective phosphodiesterase 4D inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Sep 15;20(18):5502-5.
37 Enantiomer discrimination illustrated by the high resolution crystal structures of type 4 phosphodiesterase. J Med Chem. 2006 Mar 23;49(6):1867-73.
38 In silico search for multi-target anti-inflammatories in Chinese herbs and formulas. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Mar 15;18(6):2204-2218.
39 Comparison of recombinant human PDE4 isoforms: interaction with substrate and inhibitors. Cell Signal. 1998 Jun;10(6):427-40.
40 First dual M3 antagonists-PDE4 inhibitors: synthesis and SAR of 4,6-diaminopyrimidine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Apr 1;16(7):1834-9.