Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISC8RMX)

• Disease Name: Gingivitis
• Synonyms: chronic gingivitis; acute gingivitis; inflammation of gingiva; gingivitis; gingiva inflammation
• Disease Class: DA0B: Gingival disease
• Definition: A disorder involving inflammation of the gums; may affect surrounding and supporting structures of the teeth.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISWD40R: Disease
  DISD5M1D: Gingival disorder
  DISS93V5: Oral mucositis
  DISC8RMX: Gingivitis
• ICD Code:
  ICD-11: ICD-11: DA0B
  ICD-10: ICD-10: K05.0
  Expand ICD-11: 'DA0B
  Expand ICD-10: 'K05.0
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0002508
  MESH ID: D005891
  UMLS CUI: C0017574
  MedGen ID: 4895
  HPO ID: HP:0000230
  SNOMED CT ID: 66383009

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Chlorhexidine	DMQ9MVG	Approved	Small molecular drug	[1]

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Clinical Trial Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
AMY-101	DMS0GA6	Phase 2	Peptide	[2]

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Discontinued Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
LI 401	DMOTO7E	Discontinued in Phase 2	NA	[3]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 9 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
ADAM8	TTQWYMD	moderate	Altered Expression	[4]
SHCBP1	TTZ9WGL	moderate	Biomarker	[5]
TRB	TT84HCW	moderate	Altered Expression	[6]
TRBC1	TT1DHW2	moderate	Altered Expression	[6]
AHSG	TTKF4WV	Strong	Altered Expression	[7]
CTSC	TT4H0V2	Strong	Genetic Variation	[8]
ITGB2	TTIJWR7	Strong	Altered Expression	[9]
TNFSF11	TT9E8HR	Strong	Altered Expression	[10]
ELANE	TTPLTSQ	Definitive	Biomarker	[11]

This Disease Is Related to 1 DME Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DME ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
LPO	DEHX1DZ	moderate	Biomarker	[12]

This Disease Is Related to 14 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
AMTN	OTXAMT4V	moderate	Biomarker	[13]
CRCT1	OTPYME8V	moderate	Genetic Variation	[14]
DEFB103B	OT8RWY64	moderate	Biomarker	[15]
GOLGB1	OT2S0GK8	moderate	Biomarker	[16]
JMJD6	OTILR7E4	moderate	Biomarker	[17]
KLHDC2	OTBHH882	moderate	Biomarker	[16]
LRIT1	OTNEQPMZ	moderate	Biomarker	[5]
OPN1MW	OTPJ7LX4	moderate	Biomarker	[16]
PADI2	OTT40K94	moderate	Altered Expression	[18]
S100A2	OTTGHJ1H	moderate	Altered Expression	[19]
SMC3	OTWGFRHD	moderate	Altered Expression	[20]
SPIB	OTO4YKYI	moderate	Altered Expression	[21]
DEFB1	OT5SV0E4	Strong	Altered Expression	[22]
PI3	OT47MTC3	Strong	Altered Expression	[23]

References

• [1] Chlorhexidine FDA Label
• [2] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Amyndas.
• [3] Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800021482)
• [4] Reduced ADAM8 levels upon non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis.Arch Oral Biol. 2019 Jan;97:137-143. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.021. Epub 2018 Oct 23.
• [5] Five-year stability of clinical attachment after regenerative treatment of infrabony defects compared to controls.J Clin Periodontol. 2019 Jun;46(6):650-658. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13105. Epub 2019 May 8.
• [6] Longitudinal changes in TCRB variable gene expression and markers of gingival inflammation in experimental gingivitis.J Clin Periodontol. 1998 Oct;25(10):774-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1998.tb02369.x.
• [7] Salivary fetuin-A, S100A12, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in periodontal diseases.Oral Dis. 2018 Nov;24(8):1554-1561. doi: 10.1111/odi.12927. Epub 2018 Jul 18.
• [8] A novel mutation in the cathepsin C gene in a Pakistani family with Papillon-Lefevre syndrome.J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Aug;24(8):967-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03575.x. Epub 2010 Mar 4.
• [9] Ex vivo studies of polymorphonuclear neutrophils from patients with early-onset periodontitis (III). CR3 and LFA-1 expression by peripheral blood and gingival crevicular polymorphonuclear neutrophils.J Clin Periodontol. 1995 Feb;22(2):110-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1995.tb00121.x.
• [10] Innate lymphoid cells are present in gingivitis and periodontitis.J Periodontol. 2019 Feb;90(2):200-207. doi: 10.1002/JPER.17-0750. Epub 2018 Aug 29.
• [11] Salivary levels of MPO, MMP-8 and TIMP-1 are associated with gingival inflammation response patterns during experimental gingivitis.Cytokine. 2019 Mar;115:135-141. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.12.002. Epub 2019 Jan 6.
• [12] Effect of tablets containing lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase on gingival health in adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.J Periodontal Res. 2019 Dec;54(6):702-708. doi: 10.1111/jre.12679. Epub 2019 Jul 10.
• [13] Transcriptional regulation of amelotin gene by proinflammatory cytokines in gingival fibroblasts.Connect Tissue Res. 2014 Aug;55 Suppl 1:18-20. doi: 10.3109/03008207.2014.923848.
• [14] Salivary exRNA biomarkers to detect gingivitis and monitor disease regression.J Clin Periodontol. 2018 Jul;45(7):806-817. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12930. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
• [15] Gingival tissue human beta-defensin levels in relation to infection and inflammation.J Clin Periodontol. 2020 Mar;47(3):309-318. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13227. Epub 2020 Jan 7.
• [16] The effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on gingival crevicular fluid stress hormone levels: A prospective study.Oral Dis. 2019 Jan;25(1):250-257. doi: 10.1111/odi.12973. Epub 2018 Sep 27.
• [17] Clinical periodontal and microbiologic parameters in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.J Periodontol. 2011 Oct;82(10):1424-32. doi: 10.1902/jop.2011.100481. Epub 2011 Mar 15.
• [18] Increased citrullination and expression of peptidylarginine deiminases independently of P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans in gingival tissue of patients with periodontitis.J Transl Med. 2018 Jul 31;16(1):214. doi: 10.1186/s12967-018-1588-2.
• [19] S100A2 level changes are related to human periodontitis.Mol Cells. 2011 Nov;32(5):445-50. doi: 10.1007/s10059-011-0132-5. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
• [20] Raised chondroitin sulphate WF6 epitope levels in gingival crevicular fluid in chronic periodontitis.J Clin Periodontol. 2008 Oct;35(10):871-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01312.x. Epub 2008 Aug 24.
• [21] Increased levels of the T-helper 22-associated cytokine (interleukin-22) and transcription factor (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) in patients with periodontitis are associated with osteoclast resorptive activity and severity of the disease.J Periodontal Res. 2017 Oct;52(5):893-902. doi: 10.1111/jre.12461. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
• [22] Gingival crevicular fluid levels of human beta-defensin 1 in individuals with and without chronic periodontitis.J Periodontal Res. 2018 Oct;53(5):736-742. doi: 10.1111/jre.12558. Epub 2018 Apr 23.
• [23] Alarm anti-protease trappin-2 negatively correlates with proinflammatory cytokines in patients with periodontitis.J Periodontol. 2018 Jan;89(1):58-66. doi: 10.1902/jop.2017.170245.