Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DC82VD5)

• Drug Combination Name: Trametinib + Nilotinib
• Indication: Metastatic Melanoma; Status: Phase 1 [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Trametinib (DM2JGQ3): Small molecular drug
  Nilotinib (DM7HXWT): Small molecular drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Trametinib

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Melanoma	2C30	Approved	[2]
Metastatic melanoma	2E2Z	Approved	[3]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)	1D64	Investigative	[4]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)	1D65	Investigative	[4]

Trametinib Interacts with 3 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
MAPK/ERK kinase kinase (MAP3K)	TTROQ37	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[6]
HUMAN ERK activator kinase 1 (MEK1)	TTAW3TO	MP2K1_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]
HUMAN ERK activator kinase 2 (MEK2)	TTWX403	MP2K2_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[4]

Trametinib Interacts with 8 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11)	OTNQQWFJ	B2L11_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC)	OTPV5LUK	MYC_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[7]
Retinoblastoma-associated protein (RB1)	OTQJUJMZ	RB_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[7]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16 (NGFR)	OTPKSM49	TNR16_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[8]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[7]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[7]
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 (GNA11)	OT0K99TO	GNA11_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[7]
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha (GNAQ)	OTOODWTU	GNAQ_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[7]

Indication(s) of Nilotinib

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia	2A20.0	Approved	[5]

Nilotinib Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Fusion protein Bcr-Abl (Bcr-Abl)	TTS7G69	BCR_HUMAN-ABL1_HUMAN	Modulator	[12]

Nilotinib Interacts with 5 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2)	DTFI42L	MRP2_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (SLCO1B1)	DT3D8F0	SO1B1_HUMAN	Substrate	[15]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (SLCO1B3)	DT9C1TS	SO1B3_HUMAN	Substrate	[15]

Nilotinib Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[16]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Metabolism	[17]

Nilotinib Interacts with 21 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2)	OTW8V2V1	ABCG2_HUMAN	Affects Response To Substance	[18]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Affects Response To Substance	[19]
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACACA)	OT5CQPZY	ACACA_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[20]
Protein c-Fos (FOS)	OTJBUVWS	FOS_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN)	OTCYBO6X	JUN_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Homeobox protein Hox-B7 (HOXB7)	OTC7WYU8	HXB7_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1)	OT310QSG	PARP1_HUMAN	Increases Cleavage	[21]
Transcription factor JunB (JUNB)	OTG2JXV5	JUNB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Homeobox protein Hox-B9 (HOXB9)	OTMVHQOU	HXB9_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 alpha (ATF6)	OTAFHAVI	ATF6A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Paired box protein Pax-3 (PAX3)	OTN5PJZV	PAX3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Paired box protein Pax-6 (PAX6)	OTOC9876	PAX6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3)	OTI8YKKE	DDIT3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Crk-like protein (CRKL)	OTOYSD1R	CRKL_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[11]
Homeobox protein MOX-1 (MEOX1)	OTJEMT2D	MEOX1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Mesoderm posterior protein 2 (MESP2)	OT7H4LYA	MESP2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Transcription factor 15 (TCF15)	OTA6UCWC	TCF15_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Oligodendrocyte transcription factor 3 (OLIG3)	OTU8XLAF	OLIG3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]
ER degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 1 (EDEM1)	OTWHN69S	EDEM1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Eyes absent homolog 1 (EYA1)	OTHU807A	EYA1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[10]
Neurogenin-2 (NEUROG2)	OTAEMIGT	NGN2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[10]

References

• [1] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04903119) Nilotinib Plus Dabrafenib/Trametinib in Metastatic Melanoma
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6495).
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [4] Coronaviruses - drug discovery and therapeutic options. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016 May;15(5):327-47.
• [5] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5697).
• [6] Radium 223 dichloride for prostate cancer treatment. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017 Sep 6;11:2643-2651.
• [7] Combination small molecule MEK and PI3K inhibition enhances uveal melanoma cell death in a mutant GNAQ- and GNA11-dependent manner. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Aug 15;18(16):4345-55. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-3227. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
• [8] Harnessing autophagy to overcome mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor-induced resistance in metastatic melanoma. Br J Dermatol. 2019 Feb;180(2):346-356. doi: 10.1111/bjd.17333. Epub 2018 Nov 25.
• [9] Assessment of the inhibition potential of Licochalcone A against human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Apr;90:112-22.
• [10] Exposure-based assessment of chemical teratogenicity using morphogenetic aggregates of human embryonic stem cells. Reprod Toxicol. 2020 Jan;91:74-91. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.10.004. Epub 2019 Nov 8.
• [11] Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in imatinib-resistant leukemic K562-r cells triggered by AMN107 combined with arsenic trioxide. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2013 Aug 1;238(8):932-42. doi: 10.1177/1535370213492689. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
• [12] 2007 FDA drug approvals: a year of flux. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Feb;7(2):107-9.
• [13] Interaction of nilotinib, dasatinib and bosutinib with ABCB1 and ABCG2: implications for altered anti-cancer effects and pharmacological properties. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(4):1153-64.
• [14] KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D353-D361. (dg:DG01665)
• [15] Contribution of OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 to the disposition of sorafenib and sorafenib-glucuronide. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Mar 15;19(6):1458-66.
• [16] Drug interactions with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib. Blood. 2011 Feb 24;117(8):e75-87.
• [17] Role of cytochrome P450 2C8 in drug metabolism and interactions. Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Jan;68(1):168-241.
• [18] Resistance to daunorubicin, imatinib, or nilotinib depends on expression levels of ABCB1 and ABCG2 in human leukemia cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 Aug 5;219:203-10. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.06.009. Epub 2014 Jun 19.
• [19] Reversal of ABCB1 mediated efflux by imatinib and nilotinib in cells expressing various transporter levels. Chem Biol Interact. 2017 Aug 1;273:171-179. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.06.012. Epub 2017 Jun 13.
• [20] Multi-parameter in vitro toxicity testing of crizotinib, sunitinib, erlotinib, and nilotinib in human cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Oct 1;272(1):245-55.
• [21] Nilotinib reduced the viability of human ovarian cancer cells via mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, independent of JNK activation. Toxicol In Vitro. 2016 Mar;31:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.11.002. Epub 2015 Nov 6.