Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCBVWPT)

• Drug Combination Name: PI-103 + Idarubicin
• Indication: Glioblastoma?; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  PI-103 (DMEK4TJ): Small molecular drug
  Idarubicin (DMM0XGL): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: T98G
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 23.85
  Bliss Independence Score: 23.85
  Loewe Additivity Score: 34.44
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 34.48

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of PI-103

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Haematological malignancy	2B33.Y	Investigative	[2]

PI-103 Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
PI3-kinase gamma (PIK3CG)	TTHBTOP	PK3CG_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[5]

PI-103 Interacts with 12 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[6]
Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 (BCL2)	OT9DVHC0	BCL2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[8]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[8]
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1)	OT8H2YY7	AKT1_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[9]
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1)	OTGUN89S	MRP1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[6]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MAP2K2)	OTUE7Z91	MP2K2_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[8]
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1)	OT4Y9NQI	MP2K1_HUMAN	Increases Phosphorylation	[8]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1)	OTRC5K9O	B2CL1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (MCL1)	OT2YYI1A	MCL1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A)	OTADSC03	HIF1A_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[10]
Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9)	OTNA51XT	CAH9_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[10]

Indication(s) of Idarubicin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[3]
Acute myeloid leukaemia	2A60	Approved	[4]
Adult acute monocytic leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[3]
Childhood acute megakaryoblastic leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[3]
Leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[3]

Idarubicin Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2)	TT0IHXV	TOP2A_HUMAN; TOP2B_HUMAN	Modulator	[12]

Idarubicin Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1)	DTSYQGK	MRP1_HUMAN	Substrate	[13]
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]

Idarubicin Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[15]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Metabolism	[15]

Idarubicin Interacts with 9 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Estrogen receptor (ESR1)	OTKLU61J	ESR1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1)	OTC1W6UX	HMOX1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[16]
Androgen receptor (AR)	OTUBKAZZ	ANDR_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[11]
Natriuretic peptides B (NPPB)	OTSN2IPY	ANFB_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG)	OTHMARHO	PPARG_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[18]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD)	OTI4WTOP	PPARD_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[19]
Bile acid receptor (NR1H4)	OTWZLPTB	NR1H4_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5701).
• [3] Idarubicin FDA Label
• [4] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7083).
• [5] The PI3K/Akt pathway as a target in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2009 Jun;9(5):550-9.
• [6] PI3K inhibition enhances doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in sarcoma cells. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52898. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052898. Epub 2012 Dec 31.
• [7] The dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PI-103 promotes immunosuppression, in vivo tumor growth and increases survival of sorafenib-treated melanoma cells. Int J Cancer. 2010 Apr 1;126(7):1549-61. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24926.
• [8] PI-103 and sorafenib inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation by blocking Ras/Raf/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. Anticancer Res. 2010 Dec;30(12):4951-8.
• [9] Inhibition of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity impairs proliferation and triggers apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia without affecting atra-induced differentiation. Cancer Res. 2009 Feb 1;69(3):1027-36. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-2608. Epub 2009 Jan 27.
• [10] GDC-0941 inhibits metastatic characteristics of thyroid carcinomas by targeting both the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathways. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Dec;96(12):E1934-43. doi: 10.1210/jc.2011-1426. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
• [11] Quantitative high-throughput profiling of environmental chemicals and drugs that modulate farnesoid X receptor. Sci Rep. 2014 Sep 26;4:6437. doi: 10.1038/srep06437.
• [12] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [13] Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
• [14] Amonafide L-malate is not a substrate for multidrug resistance proteins in secondary acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2008 Nov;22(11):2110-5.
• [15] In vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450-mediated drug interactions between cytarabine, idarubicin, itraconazole and caspofungin. Hematology. 2004 Jun;9(3):217-21.
• [16] A Quantitative Approach to Screen for Nephrotoxic Compounds In Vitro. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Apr;27(4):1015-28. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2015010060. Epub 2015 Aug 10.
• [17] The use of biochemical markers in cardiotoxicity monitoring in patients treated for leukemia. Neoplasma. 2005;52(5):430-4.
• [18] The induction of apoptosis by daunorubicin and idarubicin in human trisomic and diabetic fibroblasts. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2008;13(2):182-94. doi: 10.2478/s11658-007-0045-7. Epub 2008 Apr 10.
• [19] Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):581-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft205. Epub 2013 Sep 19.