Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCDOO5M)

• Drug Combination Name: Spironolactone + Aprepitant
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Spironolactone (DM2AQ5N): Small molecular drug
  Aprepitant (DM053KT): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 14.44
  Bliss Independence Score: 14.44
  Loewe Additivity Score: 24.77
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 24.77

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Spironolactone

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Chronic heart failure	BD1Z	Approved	[2]
Congestive heart failure	BD10	Approved	[3]
Edema	MG29	Approved	[2]
Hyperaldosteronism	5A72	Approved	[2]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)	1D6Y	Phase 3	[4]

Spironolactone Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)	TT26PHO	MCR_HUMAN	Modulator	[9]

Spironolactone Interacts with 9 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Bile salt export pump (ABCB11)	OTRU7THO	ABCBB_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[10]
Natriuretic peptides A (NPPA)	OTMQNTNX	ANF_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Collagen alpha-1(III) chain (COL3A1)	OTT1EMLM	CO3A1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (SERPINE1)	OTT0MPQ3	PAI1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Myb-related protein A (MYBL1)	OTBJMC2P	MYBA_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Natriuretic peptides B (NPPB)	OTSN2IPY	ANFB_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Protein GREB1 (GREB1)	OTU6ZA26	GREB1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Renin (REN)	OT52GZR2	RENI_HUMAN	Decreases Response To Substance	[15]

Indication(s) of Aprepitant

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[5]
Nausea	MD90	Approved	[6]
Vomiting	MD90	Approved	[7]
Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Phase 3	[8]

Aprepitant Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Substance-P receptor (TACR1)	TTZPO1L	NK1R_HUMAN	Antagonist	[16]

Aprepitant Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[17]

Aprepitant Interacts with 3 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[18]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Metabolism	[19]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Metabolism	[19]

Aprepitant Interacts with 3 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 3 (BIRC3)	OT3E95KB	BIRC3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[20]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2)	OTFXFREP	BIRC2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[20]
Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD)	OT63ERYM	BAD_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[20]

References

• [1] CheMBL Affinity Phenotypic Cellular Interaction Assay ID: CHEMBL1125966
• [2] Spironolactone FDA Label
• [3] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2875).
• [4] Spironolactone in Covid-19 Induced ARDS
• [5] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [6] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3490).
• [7] Aprepitant FDA Label
• [8] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00571168) Efficacy and Safety of Aprepitant in Subjects With Multiple Myeloma During and After High-dose Chemotherapy. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [9] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [10] Early identification of clinically relevant drug interactions with the human bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11). Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):328-43.
• [11] Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Apr;37(5):1228-33. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01116-0.
• [12] Effect of spironolactone on impaired fibrinolysis of hypertensive patients. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2002;25(4):260-4. doi: 10.1159/000066348.
• [13] Pregnane X receptor mediates the induction of P-glycoprotein by spironolactone in HepG2 cells. Toxicology. 2011 Jul 11;285(1-2):18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.03.015. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
• [14] A Gene Expression Biomarker Identifies Chemical Modulators of Estrogen Receptor in an MCF-7 Microarray Compendium. Chem Res Toxicol. 2021 Feb 15;34(2):313-329. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00243. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
• [15] Clinical and biochemical effects of spironolactone administered once daily in primary hypertension. Multicenter Sweden study. Hypertension. 1980 Sep-Oct;2(5):672-9. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.2.5.672.
• [16] Potent, brain-penetrant, hydroisoindoline-based human neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2009 May 14;52(9):3039-46.
• [17] Improving the prediction of the brain disposition for orally administered drugs using BDDCS. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2012 Jan;64(1):95-109.
• [18] Lack of effect of aprepitant on the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in cancer patients. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;55(6):609-16.
• [19] Cytochrome P450 3A4 is the major enzyme involved in the metabolism of the substance P receptor antagonist aprepitant. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Nov;32(11):1287-92.
• [20] Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) inhibition sensitizes APL cells to anti-tumor effect of arsenic trioxide via restriction of NF-B axis: Shedding new light on resistance to Aprepitant. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 Oct;103:105-114. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.08.010. Epub 2018 Aug 23.