General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCE3A1F)

Drug Combination Name
Methylene blue Tacrine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Methylene blue   DMJAPE7 Tacrine   DM51FY6
N.A. Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 1.56
Bliss Independence Score: 1.56
Loewe Additivity Score: 2.11
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 2.12

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Methylene blue
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acquired methemoglobinemia 3A93 Approved [2]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Phase 2 [3]
Methylene blue Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) TT32XQJ NOUNIPROTAC . [5]
Guanylate cyclase (GC) TT6HPVC NOUNIPROTAC Inhibitor [6]
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Methylene blue Interacts with 7 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Amine oxidase B (MAOB) OTTDFM1O AOFB_HUMAN Decreases Activity [7]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) OTIE1VH3 P53_HUMAN Affects Activity [8]
Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) OTMTP2Z7 TAU_HUMAN Increases Expression [9]
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase (G6PD) OT300SMK G6PD_HUMAN Increases Activity [10]
Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) OT2H8HG6 ACES_HUMAN Decreases Activity [11]
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating (PGD) OTVG296F 6PGD_HUMAN Increases Activity [10]
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) OT4IE164 TNFA_HUMAN Increases ADR [12]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 7 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Tacrine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Alzheimer disease 8A20 Approved [4]
Tacrine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) TT1RS9F ACES_HUMAN Inhibitor [13]
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Tacrine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [14]
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Tacrine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Metabolism [15]
Glutathione S-transferase alpha-1 (GSTA1) DE4ZHS1 GSTA1_HUMAN Metabolism [16]
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Tacrine Interacts with 12 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cholinesterase (BCHE) OTOH3WQ9 CHLE_HUMAN Decreases Activity [17]
Cocaine esterase (CES2) OTC647SQ EST2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [18]
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) OTZGGIVK NQO1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [19]
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (NQO2) OTGDAJRZ NQO2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [19]
Phosphatidylcholine translocator ABCB4 (ABCB4) OTE6PY83 MDR3_HUMAN Decreases Activity [20]
Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) OT2H8HG6 ACES_HUMAN Decreases Activity [21]
Liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) OT9L0LR8 EST1_HUMAN Decreases Activity [22]
DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (DDIT3) OTI8YKKE DDIT3_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A) OTQWHCZE CDN1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2) OTZX881H KCNH2_HUMAN Decreases Activity [24]
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) OTFOWL2H APOE_HUMAN Increases ADR [12]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [25]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 12 DOT(s)

References

1 Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
2 Recombinant Plasmodium falciparum glutathione reductase is inhibited by the antimalarial dye methylene blue. FEBS Lett. 1998 Feb 6;422(3):311-4.
3 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04370288) Clinical Application of Methylene Blue for Treatment of Covid-19 Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6687).
5 Photoluminescence of CdTe nanocrystals modulated by methylene blue and DNA. A label-free luminescent signaling nanohybrid platform. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2009 Jul 7;11(25):5062-9.
6 Curcumin ameliorates high glucose-induced acute vascular endothelial dysfunction in rat thoracic aorta. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2009 Dec;36(12):1177-82.
7 Inhibition of the bioactivation of the neurotoxin MPTP by antioxidants, redox agents and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Aug;49(8):1773-81.
8 Identification of environmental chemicals that activate p53 signaling after in vitro metabolic activation. Arch Toxicol. 2022 Jul;96(7):1975-1987. doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03291-5. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
9 Pharmacologic reductions of total tau levels; implications for the role of microtubule dynamics in regulating tau expression. Mol Neurodegener. 2006 Jul 26;1:6. doi: 10.1186/1750-1326-1-6.
10 Defenses against oxidation in human erythrocytes: role of glutathione reductase in the activation of glucose decarboxylation by hemolytic drugs. J Lab Clin Med. 1991 Apr;117(4):325-31.
11 Profiling the Tox21 Chemical Collection for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition. Environ Health Perspect. 2021 Apr;129(4):47008. doi: 10.1289/EHP6993. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
12 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
13 Evidence that the clinical effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are related to potency and targeting of action. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2002 Jun;(127):6-19.
14 Tacrine sinusoidal uptake and biliary excretion in sandwich-cultured primary rat hepatocytes. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2014;17(3):427-38.
15 Synthetic and natural compounds that interact with human cytochrome P450 1A2 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(31):4066-218.
16 Combined glutathione-S-transferase M1 and T1 genetic polymorphism and tacrine hepatotoxicity. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Apr;67(4):432-7.
17 Comparative effects of cationic triarylmethane, phenoxazine and phenothiazine dyes on horse serum butyrylcholinesterase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008 Oct 15;478(2):201-5.
18 Inhibition of human carboxylesterases hCE1 and hiCE by cholinesterase inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Mar 25;203(1):226-30.
19 Reduction and scavenging of chemically reactive drug metabolites by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 and variability in hepatic concentrations. Chem Res Toxicol. 2018 Feb 19;31(2):116-126.
20 Evaluating the Role of Multidrug Resistance Protein 3 (MDR3) Inhibition in Predicting Drug-Induced Liver Injury Using 125 Pharmaceuticals. Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 May 15;30(5):1219-1229. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00048. Epub 2017 May 4.
21 Correlation of brain levels of 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine (THA) with neurochemical and behavioral changes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1989 Nov 28;173(1):53-64. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90008-3.
22 Crystal structure of human carboxylesterase 1 complexed with the Alzheimer's drug tacrine: from binding promiscuity to selective inhibition. Chem Biol. 2003 Apr;10(4):341-9. doi: 10.1016/s1074-5521(03)00071-1.
23 High-content imaging-based BAC-GFP toxicity pathway reporters to assess chemical adversity liabilities. Arch Toxicol. 2017 Mar;91(3):1367-1383. doi: 10.1007/s00204-016-1781-0. Epub 2016 Jun 29.
24 Refining the human iPSC-cardiomyocyte arrhythmic risk assessment model. Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):581-94. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft205. Epub 2013 Sep 19.
25 Development of a highly sensitive cytotoxicity assay system for CYP3A4-mediated metabolic activation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Aug;39(8):1388-95. doi: 10.1124/dmd.110.037077. Epub 2011 May 3.