Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCHIFIT)

• Drug Combination Name: Disopyramide + Diltiazem
• Indication: DD2; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Disopyramide (DM5SYZP): Small molecular drug
  Diltiazem (DMAI7ZV): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: DD2
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 4.835
  Bliss Independence Score: 1.751
  Loewe Additivity Score: 1.052
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 3.138

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Disopyramide

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Long QT syndrome	BC65.0	Approved	[2]
Ventricular arrhythmias	BC71	Approved	[3]
Urinary incontinence	MF50.2	Withdrawn from market	[3]

Disopyramide Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Voltage-gated sodium channel alpha Nav1.5 (SCN5A)	TTZOVE0	SCN5A_HUMAN	Blocker	[6]

Disopyramide Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1)	DTT79CX	S22A1_HUMAN	Substrate	[7]

Disopyramide Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	DEJGDUW	CP1A2_HUMAN	Metabolism	[8]

Disopyramide Interacts with 10 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha (SCN5A)	OTGYZWR6	SCN5A_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[10]
Acid ceramidase (ASAH1)	OT1DNGXL	ASAH1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2 (NR0B2)	OT7UVICX	NR0B2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2)	OTN44YQ5	TMPS2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2)	OTC5U0N5	NR1I2_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[13]
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 (ORM2)	OTRJGZP8	A1AG2_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[14]
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)	OTTRZGU7	ACE2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 (KCNQ1)	OT8SPJNX	KCNQ1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	OTZJC802	CP2D6_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]

Indication(s) of Diltiazem

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[4]
Atrial fibrillation	BC81.3	Approved	[4]
Hypertension	BA00-BA04	Approved	[5]
Malignant essential hypertension	BA00	Approved	[4]

Diltiazem Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Voltage-gated calcium channel alpha-2/delta-1 (CACNA2D1)	TTFK1JQ	CA2D1_HUMAN	Blocker	[15]

Diltiazem Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[16]

Diltiazem Interacts with 7 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[17]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[18]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[19]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[20]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Metabolism	[21]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Metabolism	[18]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19)	DEGTFWK	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Metabolism	[22]

Diltiazem Interacts with 6 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	OTZJC802	CP2D6_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 (KCNQ1)	OT8SPJNX	KCNQ1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha (SCN5A)	OTGYZWR6	SCN5A_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor (ADRB1)	OTQBWN4U	ADRB1_HUMAN	Increases Response	[23]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 1 (KCNE1)	OTZNQUW9	KCNE1_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCNH2)	OTZX881H	KCNH2_HUMAN	Increases ADR	[9]

Test Results of This Drug Combination in Other Disease Systems

Indication	DrugCom ID	Cell Line	Status	REF
Hepatoblastoma	DC767BZ	HB3	Investigative	[24]

References

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• [2] Disopyramide FDA Label
• [3] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7167).
• [4] Diltiazem FDA Label
• [5] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2298).
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• [10] Pharmacology of the short QT syndrome N588K-hERG K+ channel mutation: differential impact on selected class I and class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Nov;155(6):957-66. doi: 10.1038/bjp.2008.325. Epub 2008 Aug 25.
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• [13] Screening of a chemical library reveals novel PXR-activating pharmacologic compounds. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Jan 5;232(1):193-202. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.10.009. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
• [14] Binding of disopyramide, methadone, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine, lignocaine and progesterone to the two main genetic variants of human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein: evidence for drug-binding differences between the variants and for the presence of two separate drug-binding sites on alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. Pharmacogenetics. 1996 Oct;6(5):403-15. doi: 10.1097/00008571-199610000-00004.
• [15] Egr-1, the potential target of calcium channel blockers in cardioprotection with ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2009;24(1-2):17-24.
• [16] Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
• [17] Comparative metabolic capabilities of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Aug;30(8):883-91.
• [18] Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
• [19] Significant impacts of CYP3A4*1G and CYP3A5*3 genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of diltiazem and its main metabolites in Chinese adult kidney transplant patients. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2016 Jun;41(3):341-7.
• [20] FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions
• [21] Role of CYP3A4 in human hepatic diltiazem N-demethylation: inhibition of CYP3A4 activity by oxidized diltiazem metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Jul;282(1):294-300.
• [22] Effects of CYP3A4 inhibition by diltiazem on pharmacokinetics and dynamics of diazepam in relation to CYP2C19 genotype status. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Oct;29(10):1284-9.
• [23] A common 1-adrenergic receptor polymorphism predicts favorable response to rate-control therapy in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 Jan 3;59(1):49-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.061.
• [24] Loss of function mutations in VARS encoding cytoplasmic valyl-tRNA synthetase cause microcephaly, seizures, and progressive cerebral atrophy.Hum Genet. 2018 Apr;137(4):293-303. doi: 10.1007/s00439-018-1882-3. Epub 2018 Apr 24.