Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCL8GI4)

• Drug Combination Name: Artemisinin + Buspirone
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Artemisinin (DMOY7W3): Small molecular drug
  Buspirone (DMBS632): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 8.77
  Bliss Independence Score: 8.77
  Loewe Additivity Score: 17.71
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 17.73

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Artemisinin

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Malaria	1F40-1F45	Approved	[2]

Artemisinin Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Plasmodium Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (Malaria DHOdehase)	TT3PQ2Y	PYRD_PLAF7	Inhibitor	[2]
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (ATP2A)	TTZVSJ2	NOUNIPROTAC	Inhibitor	[2]

Artemisinin Interacts with 4 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[4]
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6)	DEJVYAZ	CP2A6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[5]
Glutathione S-transferase alpha-1 (GSTA1)	DE4ZHS1	GSTA1_HUMAN	Metabolism	[6]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	DEPKLMQ	CP2B6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[4]

Artemisinin Interacts with 10 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1)	OTA7K5XA	GSTA1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[6]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	OTOYO4S7	CP2B6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2)	OTLLBX48	CP1A2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[8]
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19)	OTFMJYYE	CP2CJ_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[8]
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1)	OTLP0A0Y	GSTP1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[6]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53)	OTIE1VH3	P53_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[9]
Isocitrate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial (IDH3A)	OT5QQB5L	IDH3A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[9]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 (NR1I3)	OTS3SGH7	NR1I3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[10]

Indication(s) of Buspirone

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Anxiety disorder	6B00-6B0Z	Approved	[3]

Buspirone Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
5-HT 1A receptor (HTR1A)	TTSQIFT	5HT1A_HUMAN	Agonist	[11]

Buspirone Interacts with 5 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[12]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[13]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Metabolism	[13]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Metabolism	[14]
Cytochrome P450 102A1 (cyp102)	DE4OGUF	CPXB_BACMB	Metabolism	[15]

Buspirone Interacts with 5 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	OTZJC802	CP2D6_HUMAN	Increases Oxidation	[13]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	OTSXFBXB	CP3A5_HUMAN	Increases Oxidation	[13]
Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2)	OTN44YQ5	TMPS2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[16]
Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)	OTV41F7T	COLI_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]
Prolactin (PRL)	OTWFQGX7	PRL_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]

References

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• [2] The fight against drug-resistant malaria: novel plasmodial targets and antimalarial drugs. Curr Med Chem. 2008;15(2):161-71.
• [3] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 36).
• [4] Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;67(6):1954-65.
• [5] Identification of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the in vitro metabolism of artemisinin. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Oct;48(4):528-35.
• [6] Inhibition of glutathione S-transferases by antimalarial drugs possible implications for circumventing anticancer drug resistance. Int J Cancer. 2002 Feb 10;97(5):700-5.
• [7] Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Jun;67(6):1954-65.
• [8] Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
• [9] Identification of Compounds That Inhibit Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha Signaling Using High-Throughput Screening Assays. Molecules. 2019 Feb 27;24(5):841. doi: 10.3390/molecules24050841.
• [10] In vivo and mechanistic evidence of nuclear receptor CAR induction by artemisinin. Eur J Clin Invest. 2006 Sep;36(9):647-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2006.01700.x.
• [11] Interactions between corticotropin-releasing hormone and serotonin: implications for the aetiology and treatment of anxiety disorders. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2005;(169):181-204.
• [12] Effects of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors on the anxiolytic action of tandospirone in rat contextual conditioned fear. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007 May 9;31(4):926-31.
• [13] Cytochrome P450 3A-mediated metabolism of buspirone in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr;33(4):500-7.
• [14] Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
• [15] The bacterial P450 BM3: a prototype for a biocatalyst with human P450 activities. Trends Biotechnol. 2007 Jul;25(7):289-98.
• [16] Effect of common medications on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors in liver tissue. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Dec;94(12):4037-4041. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02869-1. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
• [17] Hormonal responses to the 5-HT1A agonist buspirone in remitted endogenous depressive patients after long-term imipramine treatment. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010 May;35(4):481-9. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.08.012. Epub 2009 Sep 16.