General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCV6ZFQ)

Drug Combination Name
Probenecid Chlorambucil
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Probenecid   DMMFWOJ Chlorambucil   DMRKE63
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 14.37
Bliss Independence Score: 14.37
Loewe Additivity Score: 29.37
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 29.37

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Probenecid
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute gonococcal cervicitis N.A. Approved [2]
Gout FA25 Approved [3]
Hyperuricaemia 5C55.Y Approved [3]
Probenecid Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Solute carrier family 22 member 8 (SLC22A8) TTTQR47 S22A8_HUMAN Blocker [7]
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Probenecid Interacts with 3 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (SLCO1A2) DTE2B1D SO1A2_HUMAN Substrate [9]
Monocarboxylate transporter 6 (SLC16A5) DT3I124 MOT6_HUMAN Substrate [10]
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Probenecid Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Metabolism [11]
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Probenecid Interacts with 9 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Taste receptor type 2 member 38 (TAS2R38) OTX5MM36 T2R38_HUMAN Decreases Activity [12]
Taste receptor type 2 member 43 (TAS2R43) OT70V8MZ T2R43_HUMAN Decreases Activity [12]
Solute carrier family 22 member 6 (SLC22A6) OTKRCBVM S22A6_HUMAN Decreases Activity [13]
Organic anion transporter 7 (SLC22A9) OTO4BJCC S22A9_HUMAN Decreases Activity [13]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Expression [14]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) OTAD2HEL CCL2_HUMAN Increases Expression [14]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8) OT8BY933 S22A8_HUMAN Decreases Expression [15]
Solute carrier family 22 member 12 (SLC22A12) OT72ZAWS S22AC_HUMAN Affects Activity [16]
Solute carrier family 22 member 11 (SLC22A11) OTAJLNJZ S22AB_HUMAN Decreases Activity [17]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 9 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Chlorambucil
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 2A82.0 Approved [4]
Small lymphocytic lymphoma 2A82.0 Approved [5]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma N.A. Investigative [5]
Follicular lymphoma 2A80 Investigative [5]
Chlorambucil Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
DNA replication (DNA repli) TTABD5E NOUNIPROTAC Intercalator [18]
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Chlorambucil Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1) DTUGYRD MDR1_HUMAN Substrate [19]
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (SLCO1A2) DTE2B1D SO1A2_HUMAN Substrate [20]
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Chlorambucil Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) DEK6079 GSTP1_HUMAN Metabolism [21]
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Chlorambucil Interacts with 21 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1) OTEJROBO MDR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [22]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) OTOA4HTH AK1BA_HUMAN Decreases Expression [23]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 (AKR1C2) OTQ2XMO3 AK1C2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [23]
Bcl-2-interacting killer (BIK) OTTH1T3D BIK_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
F-box only protein 30 (FBXO30) OTD1P6LA FBX30_HUMAN Decreases Expression [23]
Histone chaperone ASF1A (ASF1A) OT4S44GP ASF1A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [23]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A (TNFRSF10A) OTBPCU2O TR10A_HUMAN Affects Expression [24]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (TNFRSF10B) OTA1CPBV TR10B_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 (BIRC5) OTILXZYL BIRC5_HUMAN Affects Expression [26]
Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) OTPV5LUK MYC_HUMAN Increases Expression [27]
Histone H2AX (H2AX) OT18UX57 H2AX_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [28]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain (HLA-DPA1) OT7OG7Y2 DPA1_HUMAN Affects Expression [29]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (FAS) OTP9XG86 TNR6_HUMAN Increases Expression [30]
14-3-3 protein sigma (SFN) OTLJCZ1U 1433S_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (CDKN1A) OTQWHCZE CDN1A_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Histone H4 (H4C1) OTB71W46 H4_HUMAN Decreases Expression [28]
kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial (PDK4) OTCMHMBZ PDK4_HUMAN Affects Expression [32]
Bcl-2-binding component 3, isoforms 3/4 (BBC3) OTUAXDAY BBC3B_HUMAN Increases Expression [26]
Fanconi anemia group G protein (FANCG) OT7MC8TZ FANCG_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [33]
Baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2 (BIRC2) OTFXFREP BIRC2_HUMAN Decreases Response To Substance [34]
Fanconi anemia group C protein (FANCC) OTTIDM3P FANCC_HUMAN Increases Response To Substance [33]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 21 DOT(s)

References

1 CheMBL Affinity Phenotypic Cellular Interaction Assay ID: CHEMBL1125966
2 Probenecid FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4357).
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7143).
5 Chlorambucil FDA Label
6 Carboxylic acid drug-induced DNA nicking in HEK293 cells expressing human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: role of acyl glucuronide metabolites and glycation pathways. Chem Res Toxicol. 2007 Oct;20(10):1520-7. doi: 10.1021/tx700188x. Epub 2007 Sep 20.
7 Transport of organic anions across the basolateral membrane of proximal tubule cells. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol. 2003;146:95-158.
8 MRP2 (ABCC2) transports taxanes and confers paclitaxel resistance and both processes are stimulated by probenecid. Int J Cancer. 2005 Sep 20;116(5):824-9.
9 Characterization of the efflux transport of 17beta-estradiol-D-17beta-glucuronide from the brain across the blood-brain barrier. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jul;298(1):316-22.
10 Quercetin, Morin, Luteolin, and Phloretin Are Dietary Flavonoid Inhibitors of Monocarboxylate Transporter 6. Mol Pharm. 2017 Sep 5;14(9):2930-2936.
11 Modulation of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine catabolism by probenecid and acetaminophen in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Sep 12;42(7):1475-80.
12 Probenecid inhibits the human bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 and suppresses bitter perception of salicin. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e20123.
13 Inhibition of organic anion transporter (OAT) activity by cigarette smoke condensate. Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Oct;44:27-35.
14 Evaluation and mechanistic analysis of the cytotoxicity of the acyl glucuronide of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Jan;42(1):1-8. doi: 10.1124/dmd.113.054478. Epub 2013 Oct 8.
15 Targeting organic anion transporter 3 with probenecid as a novel anti-influenza a virus strategy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Jan;57(1):475-83. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01532-12. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
16 Clinical and molecular analysis of patients with renal hypouricemia in Japan-influence of URAT1 gene on urinary urate excretion. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004 Jan;15(1):164-73. doi: 10.1097/01.asn.0000105320.04395.d0.
17 Neonicotinoid pesticides poorly interact with human drug transporters. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2019 Oct;33(10):e22379. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22379. Epub 2019 Jul 31.
18 Roles of DNA repair and reductase activity in the cytotoxicity of the hypoxia-activated dinitrobenzamide mustard PR-104A. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Jun;8(6):1714-23.
19 Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
20 Transporters and renal drug elimination. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004;44:137-66.
21 The anti-cancer drug chlorambucil as a substrate for the human polymorphic enzyme glutathione transferase P1-1: kinetic properties and crystallographic characterisation of allelic variants. J Mol Biol. 2008 Jun 27;380(1):131-44.
22 Enhanced in vitro invasiveness and drug resistance with altered gene expression patterns in a human lung carcinoma cell line after pulse selection with anticancer drugs. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 10;111(4):484-93. doi: 10.1002/ijc.20230.
23 Oxidative stress mechanisms do not discriminate between genotoxic and nongenotoxic liver carcinogens. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 Aug 17;28(8):1636-46.
24 Role of the TRAIL/APO2-L death receptors in chlorambucil- and fludarabine-induced apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncogene. 2003 Nov 13;22(51):8356-69. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207004.
25 Differential effects of chemotherapeutic drugs versus the MDM-2 antagonist nutlin-3 on cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis in SKW6.4 lymphoblastoid B-cells. J Cell Biochem. 2008 May 15;104(2):595-605. doi: 10.1002/jcb.21649.
26 Differential gene expression induction by TRAIL in B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells showing high versus low levels of Zap-70. J Cell Physiol. 2007 Oct;213(1):229-36. doi: 10.1002/jcp.21116.
27 Theophylline synergizes with chlorambucil in inducing apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood. 1996 Sep 15;88(6):2172-82.
28 A two-hit mechanism for pre-mitotic arrest of cancer cell proliferation by a polyamide-alkylator conjugate. Cell Cycle. 2006 Jul;5(14):1537-48. doi: 10.4161/cc.5.14.2913. Epub 2006 Jul 17.
29 Systems pharmacological analysis of drugs inducing stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 May 18;28(5):927-34. doi: 10.1021/tx5005248. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
30 Caspase 8 activation independent of Fas (CD95/APO-1) signaling may mediate killing of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by cytotoxic drugs or gamma radiation. Blood. 2001 Nov 1;98(9):2800-7. doi: 10.1182/blood.v98.9.2800.
31 Disruption of gene expression and induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by a DNA-damaging agent tethered to an androgen receptor ligand. Chem Biol. 2005 Jul;12(7):779-87. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.05.009.
32 The MT1G Gene in LUHMES Neurons Is a Sensitive Biomarker of Neurotoxicity. Neurotox Res. 2020 Dec;38(4):967-978. doi: 10.1007/s12640-020-00272-3. Epub 2020 Sep 1.
33 In vivo therapeutic responses contingent on Fanconi anemia/BRCA2 status of the tumor. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Oct 15;11(20):7508-15. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1048.
34 Expression and prognostic significance of IAP-family genes in human cancers and myeloid leukemias. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 May;6(5):1796-803.