Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMY6T31)

Drug Name
Isoflurane
Synonyms
Aerrane; Forane; Forene; IsoFlo; Isoflurano; Isofluranum; AErrane (Veterinary); Forane (TN); Isoflurane [Anaesthetics, volatile]; Isoflurano [INN-Spanish]; Isofluranum [INN-Latin]; R-E 235dal; Isoflurane (JP15/USP/INN); Isoflurane [USAN:BAN:INN:JAN]; Isoflurane [USAN:INN:BAN:JAN]; Ether, 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl; 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether; 2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane; 2-chloro-2-difluoromethoxy-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [1]
Therapeutic Class
Anesthetics
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
ATC Code
N01AB06: Isoflurane
N01AB: Halogenated hydrocarbons
N01A: ANESTHETICS, GENERAL
N01: ANESTHETICS
N: NERVOUS SYSTEM
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 184.49
Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp) 2.1
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 6
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C3H2ClF5O
IUPAC Name
2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
Canonical SMILES
C(C(F)(F)F)(OC(F)F)Cl
InChI
InChI=1S/C3H2ClF5O/c4-1(3(7,8)9)10-2(5)6/h1-2H
InChIKey
PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
3763
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:6015
CAS Number
26675-46-7
UNII
CYS9AKD70P
DrugBank ID
DB00753
TTD ID
D0DP6L
INTEDE ID
DR0885
Combinatorial Drugs (CBD) Click to Jump to the Detailed CBD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Glutamate receptor AMPA (GRIA) TTAN6JD NOUNIPROTAC Agonist [2]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) DEVDYN7 CP2E1_HUMAN Substrate [3]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Substrate [4]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) OTCA7B6A BACE1_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [5]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes [6]
Nicastrin (NCSTN) OT5QBTA4 NICA_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [5]
Renin (REN) OT52GZR2 RENI_HUMAN Gene/Protein Processing [7]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease Anaesthesia
ICD Disease Classification 9A78.6
Molecule Name Molecule Type Gene Name p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Glutamate receptor AMPA (GRIA) DTT NO-GeName 1.79E-04 -0.69 -0.58
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) DME CYP2E1 1.87E-04 -1.20E-01 -3.22E-01
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DME CYP2B6 4.88E-01 -1.69E-05 -1.28E-04
Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Isoflurane
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Disease REF
Propofol DMB4OLE Moderate Additive cardiorespiratory depression effects by the combination of Isoflurane and Propofol. Corneal disease [9A76-9A78] [8]
Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Isoflurane (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Ceritinib DMB920Z Moderate Decreased metabolism of Isoflurane caused by Ceritinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme. Lung cancer [2C25] [9]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Moderate Potentiate the pharmacologic effects by the combination of Isoflurane and Amiodarone. Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71] [10]

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2505).
2 Transmembrane residues define the action of isoflurane at the GABAA receptor alpha-3 subunit. Brain Res. 2005 Jan 25;1032(1-2):30-5.
3 Clinical isoflurane metabolism by cytochrome P450 2E1. Anesthesiology. 1999 Mar;90(3):766-71.
4 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
5 The inhalation anesthetic isoflurane induces a vicious cycle of apoptosis and amyloid beta-protein accumulation. J Neurosci. 2007 Feb 7;27(6):1247-54. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5320-06.2007.
6 Sevoflurane-mediated activation of p38-mitogen-activated stresskinase is independent of apoptosis in Jurkat T-cells. Anesth Analg. 2008 Apr;106(4):1150-60, table of contents. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181683d37.
7 The stress response to induced hypotension for cerebral aneurysm surgery: a comparison of two hypotensive techniques. Can J Anaesth. 1988 Mar;35(2):111-5. doi: 10.1007/BF03010648.
8 Gill SS, Wright EM, Reilly CS "Pharmacokinetic interaction of propofol and fentanyl: single bolus injection study." Br J Anaesth 65 (1990): 760-5. [PMID: 2265045]
9 Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
10 Gallagher JD, Lieberman RW, Meranze J, Spielman SR, Ellison N "Amiodarone-induced complications during coronary artery surgery." Anesthesiology 55 (1981): 186-8. [PMID: 6973297]