Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCBX0UW)

• Drug Combination Name: Everolimus + Mitotane
• Indication: Ewing sarcoma; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Everolimus (DM8X2EH): Small molecular drug
  Mitotane (DMU1GX0): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: TC-71
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 6.889
  Bliss Independence Score: 7.8
  Loewe Additivity Score: 4.871
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 10.255

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Everolimus

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Advanced cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[2]
Advanced/metastatic breast cancer	2C60	Approved	[3]
Brainstem neoplasm	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Breast carcinoma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[2]
Intracranial meningioma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Leukemia	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Lung cancer	2C25.0	Approved	[2]
Mucosal melanoma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Multiple sclerosis	8A40	Approved	[2]
Plasma cell myeloma	2A83.1	Approved	[2]
Prostate cancer	2C82.0	Approved	[2]
Renal cell carcinoma	2C90	Approved	[4]
Salivary gland squamous cell carcinoma	N.A.	Approved	[2]
Tuberous sclerosis	LD2D.2	Approved	[2]
Kidney cancer	2C90.0	Phase 3	[4]
Castration-resistant prostate carcinoma	N.A.	Investigative	[2]
Colon cancer	2B90.Z	Investigative	[2]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)	1D64	Investigative	[5]
Neuroblastoma	2D11.2	Investigative	[2]
Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma	N.A.	Investigative	[2]
Polycystic kidney disease	GB8Y	Investigative	[2]
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)	1D65	Investigative	[5]

Everolimus Interacts with 2 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (mTOR)	TTCJG29	MTOR_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[7]
HUMAN mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)	TT7HQAF	MTOR_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[5]

Everolimus Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[8]

Everolimus Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[9]

Indication(s) of Mitotane

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Adrenocortical carcinoma	2D11.Z	Approved	[6]

Mitotane Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Estrogen receptor (ESR)	TTZAYWL	ESR1_HUMAN	Binder	[10]

Mitotane Interacts with 41 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial (CYP11B1)	OTKKL894	C11B1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[11]
3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 2 (HSD3B2)	OT02MSKN	3BHS2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[11]
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial (CYP11A1)	OT2NV3AN	CP11A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Steroid 21-hydroxylase (CYP21A2)	OTN0UDVP	CP21A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial (STAR)	OTFEZ5AI	STAR_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2)	OT75U9M4	PGH2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[14]
Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1)	OTV5XHVH	TGFB1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[15]
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase (CYP17A1)	OTZKVLVJ	CP17A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[15]
cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit (PRKAR1A)	OT589JA2	KAP0_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[15]
Caspase-3 (CASP3)	OTIJRBE7	CASP3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[15]
Caspase-7 (CASP7)	OTAPJ040	CASP7_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[15]
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (COX2)	OTTMVBJJ	COX2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial (COX4I1)	OTU0FC24	COX41_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial (CYP11B2)	OTIOLWYN	C11B2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)	OTB1073G	SCD_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2)	OTC5U0N5	NR1I2_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[17]
Estrogen receptor (ESR1)	OTKLU61J	ESR1_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[18]
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)	OTPWU5IW	SHBG_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[19]
Progesterone receptor (PGR)	OT0FZ3QE	PRGR_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[20]
Glia-derived nexin (SERPINE2)	OTYF5340	GDN_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[21]
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1 (ABCB1)	OTEJROBO	MDR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]
Corticosteroid-binding globulin (SERPINA6)	OTOIBEW7	CBG_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[19]
Androgen receptor (AR)	OTUBKAZZ	ANDR_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[20]
3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 1 (HSD3B1)	OTNAZVKB	3BHS1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 (CREB1)	OT1MDLA1	CREB1_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[22]
ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 (ELK1)	OTH9MXD6	ELK1_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[22]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	OTOYO4S7	CP2B6_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]
Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit (RRM1)	OTXGQOR9	RIR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[23]
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic (PCK1)	OTNWEJ5Y	PCKGC_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
Glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 (G6PC1)	OTJ6FM9F	G6PC1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (NOTCH1)	OTI1WADQ	NOTC1_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[22]
Fatty acid synthase (FASN)	OTFII9KG	FAS_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 3 (NR1I3)	OTS3SGH7	NR1I3_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[24]
Mitochondrial 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (ALDH1L2)	OTCH86VF	AL1L2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[21]
Estrogen receptor beta (ESR2)	OTXNR2WQ	ESR2_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[18]
Thyroid hormone-inducible hepatic protein (THRSP)	OTKYE01L	THRSP_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[17]
CREB-binding protein (CREBBP)	OTPA4QGM	CBP_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[25]
Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3)	OTG5OS7X	TRIB3_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[21]
Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15)	OTWQN50N	GDF15_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[21]
Interferon beta (IFNB1)	OTYQGUB5	IFNB_HUMAN	Increases Response To Substance	[26]

References

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• [2] Everolimus FDA Label
• [3] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [4] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5889).
• [5] Coronaviruses - drug discovery and therapeutic options. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016 May;15(5):327-47.
• [6] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6957).
• [7] Mammalian target of rapamycin, its mode of action and clinical response in metastatic clear cell carcinoma. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2009 Jul;36(7):1076-9.
• [8] Closer to the Site of Action: Everolimus Concentrations in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Correlate Well With Whole Blood Concentrations. Ther Drug Monit. 2015 Oct;37(5):675-80.
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• [11] Biphasic hormonal responses to the adrenocorticolytic DDT metabolite 3-methylsulfonyl-DDE in human cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2010 Feb 1;242(3):281-9.
• [12] Mitotane exhibits dual effects on steroidogenic enzymes gene transcription under basal and cAMP-stimulating microenvironments in NCI-H295 cells. Toxicology. 2012 Aug 16;298(1-3):14-23.
• [13] Differential effect of DDT, DDE, and DDD on COX-2 expression in the human trophoblast derived HTR-8/SVneo cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2012 Nov;26(11):454-60.
• [14] Mitotane induces CYP3A4 expression via activation of the steroid and xenobiotic receptor. J Endocrinol. 2013 Feb 15;216(3):297-305.
• [15] The effect of mitotane on viability, steroidogenesis and gene expression in NCI295R adrenocortical cells. Mol Med Rep. 2013 Mar;7(3):893-900.
• [16] Mitotane alters mitochondrial respiratory chain activity by inducing cytochrome c oxidase defect in human adrenocortical cells. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2013 May 21;20(3):371-81.
• [17] Identification of novel agonists by high-throughput screening and molecular modelling of human constitutive androstane receptor isoform 3. Arch Toxicol. 2019 Aug;93(8):2247-2264. doi: 10.1007/s00204-019-02495-6. Epub 2019 Jul 16.
• [18] Development of a recombinant human ovarian (BG1) cell line containing estrogen receptor and for improved detection of estrogenic/antiestrogenic chemicals. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2016 Jan;35(1):91-100. doi: 10.1002/etc.3146. Epub 2015 Dec 9.
• [19] Mitotane has an estrogenic effect on sex hormone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Jun;91(6):2165-70. doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-2157. Epub 2006 Mar 21.
• [20] Recombinant human estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors for detection of potential endocrine disruptors. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2004 Feb;378(3):664-9. doi: 10.1007/s00216-003-2251-0. Epub 2003 Oct 25.
• [21] Effects of mitotane on gene expression in the adrenocortical cell line NCI-H295R: a microarray study. Pharmacogenomics. 2012 Sep;13(12):1351-61. doi: 10.2217/pgs.12.116.
• [22] Organochlorine-mediated potentiation of the general coactivator p300 through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Carcinogenesis. 2009 Jan;30(1):106-13. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgn213. Epub 2008 Sep 12.
• [23] Ribonucleotide reductase large subunit (RRM1) gene expression may predict efficacy of adjuvant mitotane in adrenocortical cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Jun 15;18(12):3452-61. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-2692. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
• [24] Agonistic effects of diverse xenobiotics on the constitutive androstane receptor as detected in a recombinant yeast-cell assay. Toxicol In Vitro. 2018 Feb;46:335-349. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.09.014. Epub 2017 Sep 18.
• [25] The organochlorine o,p'-DDT plays a role in coactivator-mediated MAPK crosstalk in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2012 Sep;120(9):1291-6. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1104296. Epub 2012 May 18.
• [26] Interferon- is a potent inhibitor of cell growth and cortisol production in vitro and sensitizes human adrenocortical carcinoma cells to mitotane. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2013 May 30;20(3):443-54. doi: 10.1530/ERC-12-0217. Print 2013 Jun.