Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM0EZ9Q)

Drug Name
Pramlintide
Synonyms Symlin; Triproamylin; Pramlintide [USAN]; Pramlintide acetate; Pramlintide acetate [USAN]; Pramlintide acetate hydrate; AC 0137
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Type-1/2 diabetes 5A10-5A11 Approved [1], [2]
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Sequence
>Pramlintide
KCNTATCATQRLANFLVHSSNNFGPILPPTNVGSNTY
Structure
3D MOL is unavailable 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 5 Molecular Weight (mw) 3949
Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp) -15.7
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 110
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 56
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 59
ADMET Property
BDDCS Class
Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [3]
Bioavailability
The bioavailability of drug is 30-40% [4]
Clearance
The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 15.3 mL/min/kg [5]
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 48 minutes [5]
Metabolism
The drug is metabolized via the kidneys [4]
MRTD
The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 0.00043 micromolar/kg/day [6]
Unbound Fraction
The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.4% [5]
Vd
Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 0.41 L/kg [5]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C171H267N51O53S2
IUPAC Name
(2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(4R,7S,10S,13S,16S,19R)-16-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-19-[[(2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino]-7,13-bis[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10-methyl-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentazacycloicosane-4-carbonyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]pentanediamide
Canonical SMILES
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]4CCCN4C(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC5=CC=CC=C5)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC6=CNC=N6)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC7=CC=CC=C7)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H]8CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N8)[C@@H](C)O)C)[C@@H](C)O)CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)N
InChI
InChI=1S/C171H267N51O53S2/c1-21-81(12)130(163(268)207-110(56-78(6)7)169(274)222-53-33-42-118(222)170(275)221-52-32-41-117(221)160(265)219-135(89(20)230)167(272)206-109(66-125(180)238)151(256)212-128(79(8)9)161(266)186-68-126(239)192-111(70-223)154(259)203-107(64-123(178)236)152(257)218-134(88(19)229)166(271)195-98(136(181)241)57-92-43-45-94(231)46-44-92)214-159(264)116-40-31-51-220(116)127(240)69-187-141(246)101(58-90-34-24-22-25-35-90)199-148(253)105(62-121(176)234)201-149(254)106(63-122(177)235)202-155(260)112(71-224)209-156(261)113(72-225)208-146(251)103(60-93-67-184-75-188-93)205-162(267)129(80(10)11)213-150(255)100(55-77(4)5)198-145(250)102(59-91-36-26-23-27-37-91)200-147(252)104(61-120(175)233)196-137(242)82(13)189-144(249)99(54-76(2)3)197-142(247)96(39-30-50-185-171(182)183)193-143(248)97(47-48-119(174)232)194-165(270)132(86(17)227)215-138(243)83(14)190-157(262)114-73-276-277-74-115(210-140(245)95(173)38-28-29-49-172)158(263)204-108(65-124(179)237)153(258)217-131(85(16)226)164(269)191-84(15)139(244)216-133(87(18)228)168(273)211-114/h22-27,34-37,43-46,67,75-89,95-118,128-135,223-231H,21,28-33,38-42,47-66,68-74,172-173H2,1-20H3,(H2,174,232)(H2,175,233)(H2,176,234)(H2,177,235)(H2,178,236)(H2,179,237)(H2,180,238)(H2,181,241)(H,184,188)(H,186,266)(H,187,246)(H,189,249)(H,190,262)(H,191,269)(H,192,239)(H,193,248)(H,194,270)(H,195,271)(H,196,242)(H,197,247)(H,198,250)(H,199,253)(H,200,252)(H,201,254)(H,202,260)(H,203,259)(H,204,263)(H,205,267)(H,206,272)(H,207,268)(H,208,251)(H,209,261)(H,210,245)(H,211,273)(H,212,256)(H,213,255)(H,214,264)(H,215,243)(H,216,244)(H,217,258)(H,218,257)(H,219,265)(H4,182,183,185)/t81-,82-,83-,84-,85+,86+,87+,88+,89+,95-,96-,97-,98-,99-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-,107-,108-,109-,110-,111-,112-,113-,114-,115-,116-,117-,118-,128-,129-,130-,131-,132-,133-,134-,135-/m0/s1
InChIKey
TZIRZGBAFTZREM-MKAGXXMWSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
70691388
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:135922
CAS Number
151126-32-8
DrugBank ID
DB01278
TTD ID
D0C4AM

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) TTVIMDE GLP1R_HUMAN Agonist [7]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease Type-1/2 diabetes
ICD Disease Classification 5A10-5A11
Molecule Name Molecule Type Gene Name p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R) DTT GLP1R 1.25E-01 0.17 1.26
Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Pramlintide (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Mepenzolate DM8YU2F Moderate Altered absorption of Pramlintide due to GI dynamics variation caused by Mepenzolate. Digestive system disease [DE2Z] [14]
Solifenacin DMG592Q Moderate Altered absorption of Pramlintide due to GI dynamics variation caused by Solifenacin. Functional bladder disorder [GC50] [14]
Belladonna DM2RBWK Moderate Altered absorption of Pramlintide due to GI dynamics variation caused by Belladonna. Infectious gastroenteritis/colitis [1A40] [14]
Methylscopolamine DM5VWOB Moderate Altered absorption of Pramlintide due to GI dynamics variation caused by Methylscopolamine. Peptic ulcer [DA61] [14]

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7482).
2 2005 approvals: Safety first. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 5, 92-93 (February 2006).
3 BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
4 FDA approval: ado-trastuzumab emtansine for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 1;20(17):4436-41.
5 Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
6 Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
7 Emerging drugs for obesity: linking novel biological mechanisms to pharmaceutical pipelines. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 Aug;10(3):643-60.
8 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 249).
9 Improved glycemic control and reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome treated with exenatide in a clinical practice setting. Diabetes TechnolTher. 2009 Jun;11(6):353-9.
10 2014 FDA drug approvals. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015 Feb;14(2):77-81.
11 GLP-1 receptor agonists for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nat Rev Endocrinol.2012 Dec;8(12):728-42.
12 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
13 Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of taspoglutide, a once-weekly, human GLP-1 analogue, after single-dose administration in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2009 Nov;26(11):1156-64.
14 Product Information. Symlin (pramlintide). Amphastar Pharmaceuticals Inc, South El Monte, CA.