Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMHVL0J)

Drug Name

Azelaic Acid

Synonyms

AZA; Azelaic; Azelex; Finacea; Finevin; Skinorem; Skinoren; Acide azelaique; Acide azelaique [French]; Acido azelaico; Acido azelaico [Spanish]; Acidum azelaicum; Acidum azelaicum [Latin]; Anchoic acid; Azalaic Acid; Azelaic acid polyanhydride; Azelaic polyanhydride; Azelainic acid; Azleaic Acid; Heptanedicarboxylic acid; Lepargylic acid; NONANEDIOIC ACID; Nonanedioic acid; Polyazelaic anhydride; AZ1; Dicarboxylic acid C9; Emerox 1110; Emerox 1144; ZK 62498; A-9800; AGN-191861; Azelaic acid [USAN:INN]; Azelaic acid,technical grade; Azelex (TN); Finacea (TN); Finevin (TN); N-Nonanedioic acid; Nonanedioic acid, homopolymer; Poly(azelaic anhydride); SH-441; Skinoren (TN); ZK-62498; AZELAIC ACID, 95%; Azelaic acid (USAN/INN); Emery's L-110; 1,7-Heptanedicarboxylic acid; 1,9-Nonanedioic acid

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[1], [2], [3]

Therapeutic Class

Dermatologic Agents

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0

Molecular Weight (mw)

188.22

Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp)

1.6

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

8

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

2

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

4

ADMET Property

Absorption: The systemically absorbed of drug is approximately 4% [4]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 45 minutes (oral dosing), and 12 hours (topical dosing) [5]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C9H16O4
IUPAC Name: nonanedioic acid
Canonical SMILES: C(CCCC(=O)O)CCCC(=O)O
InChI: InChI=1S/C9H16O4/c10-8(11)6-4-2-1-3-5-7-9(12)13/h1-7H2,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)
InChIKey: BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 2266
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:48131
CAS Number: 123-99-9
DrugBank ID: DB00548
TTD ID: D0E4WR
ACDINA ID: D00854

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (SRD5A)	TT2A0DR	S5A1_HUMAN; S5A2_HUMAN; PORED_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[6]

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Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Benzoic acid	E00009	243	Antimicrobial preservative
Glyceryl monostearate	E00310	24699	Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Viscosity-controlling agent
Cetostearyl alcohol	E00353	62238	Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Edetate disodium	E00186	8759	Complexing agent
Glycerin	E00026	753	Antimicrobial preservative; Emollient; Flavoring agent; Humectant; Lubricant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; Tonicity agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Medium-chain triglyceride	E00640	Not Available	Emollient; Lubricant; Surfactant
Polyoxyl 40 stearate	E00663	Not Available	Emulsifying agent; Surfactant
Polysorbate 80	E00665	Not Available	Dispersing agent; Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Plasticizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Suspending agent
Propylene glycol	E00040	1030	Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Sodium hydroxide	E00234	14798	Alkalizing agent
Water	E00035	962	Solvent
Cetyl palmitate	E00202	10889	Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Stiffening agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Dimethyl isosorbide	E00361	62990	Solvent
1, 2-Diarachidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	E00721	Not Available	Other agent
Methylcellulose	E00701	Not Available	Coating agent; Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Suspending agent; Binding agent; Disintegrant; Viscosity-controlling agent
Xanthan gum	E00694	Not Available	Bioadhesive material; Emulsifying agent; Gelling agent; Modified-release agent; Suspending agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
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⏷ Show the Full List of 16 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Azelaic Acid 15% aerosol	15%	Aerosol	Topical
Azelaic Acid 15% gel	15%	Gel	Topical
Azelaic Acid 20% cream	20%	Cream	Topical

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7484).
2	Azelaic acid. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in acne and hyperpigmentary skin disorders. Drugs. 1991 May;41(5):780-98.
3	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
4	FDA approval: ado-trastuzumab emtansine for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2014 Sep 1;20(17):4436-41.
5	Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
6	Inhibition of 5 alpha-reductase activity in human skin by zinc and azelaic acid. Br J Dermatol. 1988 Nov;119(5):627-32.
7	The role of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors in prostate pathophysiology: Is there an additional advantage to inhibition of type 1 isoenzyme Can Urol Assoc J. 2009 Jun;3(3 Suppl 2):S109-14.
8	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
9	Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of GlaxoSmithKline (2009).
10	Discovery of a novel hybrid from finasteride and epristeride as 5alpha-reductase inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011 Jan 1;21(1):475-8.
11	FK143, a novel nonsteroidal inhibitor of steroid 5 alpha-reductase: (1) In vitro effects on human and animal prostatic enzymes. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Apr;52(4):357-63.
12	Hormonal effects of turosteride, a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, in the rat. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Nov;46(5):549-55.
13	Phase I and clinical pharmacology of a type I and II, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor (LY320236) in prostate cancer: elevation of estradiol as possible... Urology. 2004 Jan;63(1):114-9.
14	Significant role of 5 alpha-reductase on feedback effects of androgen in rat anterior pituitary cells demonstrated with a nonsteroidal 5 alpha-redu... J Androl. 1994 Nov-Dec;15(6):521-7.
15	The novel drug CS-891 inhibits 5alpha-reductase activity in freshly isolated dermal papilla of human hair follicles. Eur J Dermatol. 2000 Dec;10(8):593-5.