Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMUB0EC)

• Drug Name: VELNACRINE
• Synonyms: Velnacrine; 124027-47-0; 1-hydroxytacrine; 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-1-ol; Velnacrine [INN:BAN]; Velnacrinum [INN-Latin]; Velnacrina [INN-Spanish]; 1-Acridinol,9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-; 104675-29-8; 1-Acridinol, 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-; UNII-JFN3Z63E2C; UNII-OQL6V4U301; JFN3Z63E2C; CHEMBL51934; OQL6V4U301; HLVVITIHAZBPKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N; AK160411; Velnacrinum; Velnacrina; 112964-98-4; Velnacrine, (+)-; 9-ATHCO; 1-hydroxy-tacrine; 1-Hydroxy Tacrine; 121445-17-8; ACMC-20ddjc; Velnacrine, (-)-; Spectrum_000073; AC1Q7AWG

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Cognitive impairment	6D71	Discontinued in Phase 3	[1]

• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 214.26
  Topological Polar Surface Area (xlogp); 1.4
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 0
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 3
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C13H14N2O
  IUPAC Name: 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-1-ol
  Canonical SMILES: C1CC(C2=C(C3=CC=CC=C3N=C2C1)N)O
  InChI: InChI=1S/C13H14N2O/c14-13-8-4-1-2-5-9(8)15-10-6-3-7-11(16)12(10)13/h1-2,4-5,11,16H,3,6-7H2,(H2,14,15)
  InChIKey: HLVVITIHAZBPKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 3655
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:91990
  CAS Number: 124027-47-0
  TTD ID: D0L8QQ

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)	TT1RS9F	ACES_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[2]

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

• The Studied Disease: Cognitive impairment
• ICD Disease Classification: 6D71

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)	DTT	ACHE	6.39E-02	-1.07	-1.15

References

• [1] Velnacrine for Alzheimer's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(2):CD004748.
• [2] Synthesis and biological activity of putative mono-hydroxylated metabolites of velnacrine, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2(8):865-870 (1992).
• [3] Evidence that the clinical effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are related to potency and targeting of action. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2002 Jun;(127):6-19.
• [4] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 2465).
• [5] Acetylcholinesterase activity in Corbicula fluminea Mull., as a biomarker of organophosphate pesticide pollution in Pinacanauan River, Philippines. Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Jun;165(1-4):331-40.
• [6] [From symptomatic to disease modifying therapy Recent developments in the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2009 Jun;77(6):326-33.
• [7] Huperzine A attenuates cognitive deficits and brain injury in neonatal rats after hypoxia-ischemia. Brain Res. 2002 Sep 13;949(1-2):162-70.
• [8] Screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors by CE after enzymatic reaction at capillary inlet. J Sep Sci. 2009 May;32(10):1748-56.
• [9] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [10] Alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors dominate the nicotine control of dopamine neurotransmission in nucleus accumbens. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008 Aug;33(9):2158-66.
• [11] The effects of topical ocular application of 0.25% demecarium bromide on serum acetylcholinesterase levels in normal dogs. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003 Mar;6(1):23-5.
• [12] Rational design of alkylene-linked bis-pyridiniumaldoximes as improved acetylcholinesterase reactivators. Chem Biol. 2003 Jun;10(6):491-502.