Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMUB0EC)

• Drug Name: VELNACRINE Drug Info
• Synonyms: Velnacrine; 124027-47-0; 1-hydroxytacrine; 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-1-ol; Velnacrine [INN:BAN]; Velnacrinum [INN-Latin]; Velnacrina [INN-Spanish]; 1-Acridinol,9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-; 104675-29-8; 1-Acridinol, 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-; UNII-JFN3Z63E2C; UNII-OQL6V4U301; JFN3Z63E2C; CHEMBL51934; OQL6V4U301; HLVVITIHAZBPKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N; AK160411; Velnacrinum; Velnacrina; 112964-98-4; Velnacrine, (+)-; 9-ATHCO; 1-hydroxy-tacrine; 1-Hydroxy Tacrine; 121445-17-8; ACMC-20ddjc; Velnacrine, (-)-; Spectrum_000073; AC1Q7AWG

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Cognitive impairment	6D71	Discontinued in Phase 3	[1]

• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 3655
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:91990
  CAS Number: CAS 124027-47-0
  TTD Drug ID: DMUB0EC

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Tacrine	DM51FY6	Alzheimer disease	8A20	Approved	[4]
Donepezil	DMIYG7Z	Advanced cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[5]
Malathion	DMXZ84M	Pediculus capitis infestation	1G00.0	Approved	[6]
Galantamine	DMEO794	Alzheimer disease	8A20	Approved	[7]
Huperzine A	DMMAWLU	Alzheimer disease	8A20	Approved	[8]
Neostigmine	DM6T2J3	Myasthenia gravis	8C6Y	Approved	[9]
YM443	DMNZCI1	Functional dyspepsia	DD90.3	Approved	[10]
Ambenonium	DMOP0BL	Myasthenia gravis	8C6Y	Approved	[11]
Demecarium bromide	DMAYEU1	Open-angle glaucoma	9C61	Approved	[12]
Isoflurophate	DMBSK7X	Glaucoma/ocular hypertension	9C61	Approved	[13]

Drug(s) Affected By Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Acetylcholine	DMDF79Z	Cataract	9B10	Approved	[14]
Imipramine	DM2NUH3	Depression	6A70-6A7Z	Approved	[15]
Colchicine	DM2POTE	Acute gout flare	FA25.0	Approved	[16]
Methotrexate	DM2TEOL	Anterior urethra cancer		Approved	[17]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[18]
L-Glutamic Acid	DM4PUDW	Schizophrenia	6A20	Approved	[16]
Tacrine	DM51FY6	Alzheimer disease	8A20	Approved	[19]
Chlorpromazine	DMBGZI3	Acute intermittent hepatic porphyria	5C58.11	Approved	[20]
Neostigmine	DM6T2J3	Myasthenia gravis	8C6Y	Approved	[21]
Testosterone	DM7HUNW	Hot flushes	GA30	Approved	[22]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)	TT1RS9F	ACES_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[2]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)	OT2H8HG6	ACES_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[3]

References

• [1] Velnacrine for Alzheimer's disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(2):CD004748.
• [2] Synthesis and biological activity of putative mono-hydroxylated metabolites of velnacrine, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2(8):865-870 (1992).
• [3] Profiling the Tox21 Chemical Collection for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition. Environ Health Perspect. 2021 Apr;129(4):47008. doi: 10.1289/EHP6993. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
• [4] Evidence that the clinical effects of cholinesterase inhibitors are related to potency and targeting of action. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2002 Jun;(127):6-19.
• [5] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 2465).
• [6] Acetylcholinesterase activity in Corbicula fluminea Mull., as a biomarker of organophosphate pesticide pollution in Pinacanauan River, Philippines. Environ Monit Assess. 2010 Jun;165(1-4):331-40.
• [7] [From symptomatic to disease modifying therapy Recent developments in the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2009 Jun;77(6):326-33.
• [8] Huperzine A attenuates cognitive deficits and brain injury in neonatal rats after hypoxia-ischemia. Brain Res. 2002 Sep 13;949(1-2):162-70.
• [9] Screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors by CE after enzymatic reaction at capillary inlet. J Sep Sci. 2009 May;32(10):1748-56.
• [10] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [11] Alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors dominate the nicotine control of dopamine neurotransmission in nucleus accumbens. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008 Aug;33(9):2158-66.
• [12] The effects of topical ocular application of 0.25% demecarium bromide on serum acetylcholinesterase levels in normal dogs. Vet Ophthalmol. 2003 Mar;6(1):23-5.
• [13] Rational design of alkylene-linked bis-pyridiniumaldoximes as improved acetylcholinesterase reactivators. Chem Biol. 2003 Jun;10(6):491-502.
• [14] Monitoring the reaction of carbachol with acetylcholinesterase by thioflavin T fluorescence and acetylthiocholine hydrolysis. Chem Biol Interact. 2008 Sep 25;175(1-3):235-41. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.06.002. Epub 2008 Jun 17.
• [15] Effect of reversible ligands on oxime-induced reactivation of sarin- and cyclosarin-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Feb 3;232(3):557-65.
• [16] Dihydroactinidiolide regulates Nrf2/HO-1 expression and inhibits caspase-3/Bax pathway to protect SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells from oxidative stress induced neuronal apoptosis. Neurotoxicology. 2021 May;84:53-63. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.02.006. Epub 2021 Feb 20.
• [17] Global molecular effects of tocilizumab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Jan;66(1):15-23.
• [18] Tribromophenol induces the differentiation of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro. 2003 Oct-Dec;17(5-6):635-41. doi: 10.1016/s0887-2333(03)00110-3.
• [19] Correlation of brain levels of 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine (THA) with neurochemical and behavioral changes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1989 Nov 28;173(1):53-64. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90008-3.
• [20] Interaction of dichlorvos and anticholinesterases on the in vitro inhibition of human blood cholinesterases. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1974 Feb;27(2):456-63.
• [21] Hairy-root organ cultures for the production of human acetylcholinesterase. BMC Biotechnol. 2008 Dec 23;8:95.
• [22] The exosome-like vesicles derived from androgen exposed-prostate stromal cells promote epithelial cells proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2021 Jan 15;411:115384. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115384. Epub 2020 Dec 25.