General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCCS6IS)

Drug Combination Name
Epinephrine Propofol
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Hemodynamic Instability Phase 4 [1]
Component Drugs Epinephrine   DM3KJBC Propofol   DMB4OLE
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Epinephrine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute asthma CA23 Approved [2]
Allergy 4A80-4A85 Approved [3]
Anaphylaxis N.A. Approved [2]
Bronchiectasis CA24 Approved [2]
Bronchitis CA20 Approved [2]
Periodontitis DA0C Approved [2]
Pulmonary emphysema CA21.Z Approved [2]
Severe asthma CA23 Approved [2]
Asthma CA23 Investigative [2]
Epinephrine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Adrenergic receptor beta-1 (ADRB1) TTR6W5O ADRB1_HUMAN Agonist [7]
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Epinephrine Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Organic cation transporter 3 (SLC22A3) DT6201N S22A3_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) DTT79CX S22A1_HUMAN Substrate [9]
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Epinephrine Interacts with 5 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
Sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) DEYWLRK ST1A1_HUMAN Metabolism [11]
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Metabolism [12]
Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) DEV3T4A COMT_HUMAN Metabolism [13]
Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A) DERE4TU AOFA_HUMAN Metabolism [14]
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Epinephrine Interacts with 13 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Solute carrier family 22 member 3 (SLC22A3) OTQYGVXX S22A3_HUMAN Increases Uptake [15]
Superoxide dismutase , mitochondrial (SOD2) OTIWXGZ9 SODM_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Renin (REN) OT52GZR2 RENI_HUMAN Increases Activity [17]
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) OTSDOX4Q ADRB2_HUMAN Increases Activity [18]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Decreases Cleavage [19]
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (ADRA1D) OTW2CD1O ADA1D_HUMAN Increases Activity [20]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (FAS) OTP9XG86 TNR6_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor (ADRA1A) OTUIWCL5 ADA1A_HUMAN Increases Activity [20]
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor (ADRA1B) OTSAYAFD ADA1B_HUMAN Increases Activity [20]
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 (FASLG) OTZARCHH TNFL6_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases ADR [22]
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4 (SLC29A4) OTWTZXMX S29A4_HUMAN Increases Uptake [15]
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor (ADRA2A) OTZFGOTP ADA2A_HUMAN Increases ADR [22]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 13 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Propofol
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [4]
Leukemia N.A. Approved [5]
Traumatic brain injury NA07.Z Approved [5]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Investigative [6]
Propofol Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) TTDP1UC NOUNIPROTAC Inhibitor [25]
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Propofol Interacts with 14 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Metabolism [27]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Metabolism [28]
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) DEJVYAZ CP2A6_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Metabolism [30]
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) DEVDYN7 CP2E1_HUMAN Metabolism [27]
Cytochrome P450 2C18 (CYP2C18) DEZMWRE CP2CI_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) DE5IED8 CP2C9_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) DEPKLMQ CP2B6_HUMAN Metabolism [31]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Metabolism [29]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9) DE85D2P UD19_HUMAN Metabolism [32]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 (UGT1A6) DESD26P UD16_HUMAN Metabolism [33]
Oleamide hydrolase 1 (FAAH) DEUM1EX FAAH1_HUMAN Metabolism [34]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 14 DME(s)
Propofol Interacts with 26 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Leucine-rich colipase-like protein 1 (LRCOL1) OTDXBZF8 LRCL1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial (GLUD1) OTXKOCUH DHE3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
Progonadoliberin-1 (GNRH1) OTH8A44K GON1_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2RA) OT0MWCHG IL2RA_HUMAN Decreases Secretion [37]
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 (GNAI2) OTTLGRGH GNAI2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) OT7K55MU MET_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Small ribosomal subunit protein uS2 (RPSA) OTJZHEGT RSSA_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Matrilysin (MMP7) OTVT3SEJ MMP7_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1 (SLC2A1) OTA675TJ GTR1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC) OTETYX40 SRC_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 (TIMP2) OT8S1RRP TIMP2_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) OTCYKGKO MK03_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [35]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) OTH85PI5 MK01_HUMAN Decreases Phosphorylation [35]
Macrosialin (CD68) OTOYEY3J CD68_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial (CA5A) OTP9M7VW CAH5A_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN (PTEN) OTOWDUNT PTEN_HUMAN Increases Expression [24]
Protein SET (SET) OTGYYQJO SET_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
RNA-binding protein EWS (EWSR1) OT7SRHV3 EWS_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase A (MGAT5) OTU4DD4G MGT5A_HUMAN Increases Expression [36]
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (SMAD2) OTC6VB4K SMAD2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Transmembrane channel-like protein 6 (TMC6) OTKH50J4 TMC6_HUMAN Increases Expression [24]
Polycystin-1-like protein 3 (PKD1L3) OTQMYNOW PK1L3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
Uncharacterized protein C10orf67, mitochondrial (C10ORF67) OTX24W0H CJ067_HUMAN Increases Expression [24]
Pinin (PNN) OT0HXICH PININ_HUMAN Decreases Expression [36]
Protein turtle homolog B (IGSF9B) OTNOMYYQ TUTLB_HUMAN Decreases Expression [24]
Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) OT6DYFUO MPC1_HUMAN Decreases Expression [35]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 26 DOT(s)

References

1 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02464722) Comparision Between Hemodynamic Response of Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil on Anesthesia in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
2 Epinephrine FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 509).
4 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5464).
5 Propofol FDA Label
6 Propofol and sedation in patients with coronavirus disease. Am J Emerg Med. 2020 Jun 18;S0735-6757(20)30512-X.
7 Adrenergic activation of electrogenic K+ secretion in guinea pig distal colonic epithelium: involvement of beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptors. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G269-77.
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12 Adrenal catecholamines and their metabolism in the vitamin A deficient rat. Ann Nutr Metab. 1983;27(3):220-7.
13 Different metabolism of norepinephrine and epinephrine by catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1994 Mar;268(3):1242-51.
14 Role of monoamine-oxidase-A-gene variation in the development of glioblastoma in males: a case control study. J Neurooncol. 2019 Nov;145(2):287-294.
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16 Epinephrine upregulates superoxide dismutase in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Jan 15;30(2):148-53.
17 Hypokalemia from beta2-receptor stimulation by circulating epinephrine. N Engl J Med. 1983 Dec 8;309(23):1414-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198312083092303.
18 Myocardial ischaemia and ventricular arrhthymias precipitated by physiological concentrations of adrenaline in patients with coronary artery disease. Br Heart J. 1992 May;67(5):419-20. doi: 10.1136/hrt.67.5.419-b.
19 Epinephrine facilitates the growth of T cell lymphoma by altering cell proliferation, apoptosis, and glucose metabolism. Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Jan 5;369:110278. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110278. Epub 2022 Nov 22.
20 Carvedilol selectively inhibits oscillatory intracellular calcium changes evoked by human alpha1D- and alpha1B-adrenergic receptors. Cardiovasc Res. 2004 Sep 1;63(4):662-72. doi: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.05.014.
21 Carvedilol prevents epinephrine-induced apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial cells: modulation of Fas/Fas ligand and caspase-3 pathway. Cardiovasc Res. 2000 Feb;45(3):788-94. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6363(99)00369-7.
22 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
23 Effects of beta-estradiol and propofol on the 4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation in recombinant human UGT isozymes 1A1, 1A8 and 1A9. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2004 Nov;25(8):339-44.
24 Propofol suppresses proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth of liver cancer cells via suppressing cancer susceptibility candidate 9/phosphatase and tensin homolog/AKT serine/threonine kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase axis. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2022 Jan-Dec;41:9603271211065972. doi: 10.1177/09603271211065972.
25 Glutamate- and GABA-based CNS therapeutics. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006 Feb;6(1):7-17.
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28 Substrate-dependent modulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) by propofol in recombinant human UGT1A1 and human liver microsomes. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007 Sep;101(3):211-4.
29 Possible involvement of multiple human cytochrome P450 isoforms in the liver metabolism of propofol. Br J Anaesth. 1998 Jun;80(6):788-95.
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31 Involvement of human cytochrome P450 2B6 in the omega- and 4-hydroxylation of the anesthetic agent propofol. Xenobiotica. 2007 Jul;37(7):717-24.
32 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
33 Pharmacokinetics of propofol and extrahepatic UGT1A6 gene expression in anhepatic rats. Pharmacology. 2009;84(4):219-26.
34 Update of TTD: therapeutic target database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D787-91.
35 Sevoflurane but not propofol enhances ovarian cancer cell biology through regulating cellular metabolic and signaling mechanisms. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2023 Aug;39(4):1395-1411. doi: 10.1007/s10565-022-09766-6. Epub 2022 Oct 8.
36 The differential cancer growth associated with anaesthetics in a cancer xenograft model of mice: mechanisms and implications of postoperative cancer recurrence. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2023 Aug;39(4):1561-1575. doi: 10.1007/s10565-022-09747-9. Epub 2022 Aug 12.
37 Effects of different anaesthetic agents on immune cell function in vitro. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2005 Aug;22(8):616-23. doi: 10.1017/s0265021505001031.