General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCDLVQY)

Drug Combination Name
Mycophenolic acid Hydroxychloroquine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Mycophenolic acid   DMRBMAU Hydroxychloroquine   DMSIVND
N.A. Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 5.74
Bliss Independence Score: 5.74
Loewe Additivity Score: 7.1
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 7.1

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Mycophenolic acid
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Crohn disease DD70 Approved [2]
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma N.A. Approved [3]
Interstitial cystitis GC00.3 Approved [4]
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia 2A90.1 Approved [3]
Leukemia N.A. Approved [5]
Lupus nephritis 4A40.0Y Approved [6]
MALT lymphoma N.A. Approved [3]
Myeloid leukaemia 2B33.1 Approved [7]
Myeloproliferative neoplasm 2A20 Approved [8]
Nodal marginal zone lymphoma 2A85.0 Approved [3]
Primary cutaneous peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified N.A. Approved [3]
Recurrent adult burkitt lymphoma 2A85.6 Approved [3]
Small intestine lymphoma N.A. Approved [3]
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma N.A. Approved [3]
Systemic lupus erythematosus 4A40.0 Approved [9]
Testicular lymphoma N.A. Approved [3]
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma N.A. Investigative [10]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Investigative [11]
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) 1D64 Investigative [12]
Mycophenolic acid Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
MERS-CoV papain-like proteinase (PL-PRO) TTYJOLE R1AB_CVEMC (854-2740) Inhibitor [12]
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Mycophenolic acid Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) DTFI42L MRP2_HUMAN Substrate [16]
Organic anion transporter 1 (SLC22A6) DTQ23VB S22A6_HUMAN Substrate [17]
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Mycophenolic acid Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) DEB3CV1 UD2B7_HUMAN Metabolism [18]
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9 (UGT1A9) DE85D2P UD19_HUMAN Metabolism [18]
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Indication(s) of Hydroxychloroquine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Chronic renal failure GB61.Z Approved [13]
Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [14]
Plasmodium falciparum malaria 1F40 Approved [13]
Plasmodium malariae malaria N.A. Approved [13]
Plasmodium ovale malaria N.A. Approved [13]
Systemic lupus erythematosus 4A40.0 Approved [13]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Phase 3 [15]
Colon cancer 2B90.Z Investigative [13]
Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 4 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
HUMAN pH-dependent viral fusion/replication (pH-DVF/R) TTD16BI N.A. Inhibitor [19]
HUMAN glycosylation of host receptor (GHR) TTZGK1R N.A. Inhibitor [19]
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) TTRJ1K4 TLR7_HUMAN Antagonist [20]
HUMAN toll-like receptor 7/9 signalling pathway (TLR7/9 pathway) TT3A1EZ N.A. Inhibitor [21]
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Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) DTI7UX6 ABCG2_HUMAN Substrate [22]
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Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [23]
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Hydroxychloroquine Interacts with 30 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) OTZJC802 CP2D6_HUMAN Decreases Activity [24]
Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3 (IFIT3) OTPGHZB9 IFIT3_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator (CFLAR) OTX14BAS CFLAR_HUMAN Decreases Expression [26]
Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 (ERN1) OTY9R6FZ ERN1_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATC1) OT4TMERS NFAC1_HUMAN Affects Expression [27]
Claudin-1 (CLDN1) OT27KV99 CLD1_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Interferon beta (IFNB1) OTYQGUB5 IFNB_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) OTTLQ6S0 CXL10_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) OTRT3F3U HMDH_HUMAN Affects Expression [29]
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme (ALPL) OTG7J4BP PPBT_HUMAN Affects Expression [29]
Transcription factor Jun (JUN) OTCYBO6X JUN_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [25]
Cathepsin B (CTSB) OTP9G5QB CATB_HUMAN Affects Localization [30]
72 kDa type IV collagenase (MMP2) OT5NIWA2 MMP2_HUMAN Decreases Expression [31]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) OTAD2HEL CCL2_HUMAN Increases Expression [32]
NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA) OTFT924M IKBA_HUMAN Increases Degradation [25]
CD40 ligand (CD40LG) OT75Z6A6 CD40L_HUMAN Decreases Expression [27]
Caspase-3 (CASP3) OTIJRBE7 CASP3_HUMAN Increases Activity [26]
Transcription factor p65 (RELA) OTUJP9CN TF65_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Apoptosis regulator BAX (BAX) OTAW0V4V BAX_HUMAN Increases Activity [30]
TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) OT5TQBGV TRAF3_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 (NFATC2) OTK5T6HZ NFAC2_HUMAN Affects Localization [27]
Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1) OTGY5D5J SQSTM_HUMAN Increases Expression [33]
Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) OT81U8ME IRF3_HUMAN Increases Phosphorylation [25]
Occludin (OCLN) OTSUTVWL OCLN_HUMAN Increases Expression [28]
Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) OTTQ0J64 MAVS_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
S-adenosylmethionine-dependent nucleotide dehydratase RSAD2 (RSAD2) OTCA9WCM RSAD2_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 (IFIH1) OTZA2AHA IFIH1_HUMAN Increases Expression [25]
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) OTFZ45HX TLR9_HUMAN Decreases Expression [34]
7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) OTLILBUI DHCR7_HUMAN Affects Expression [29]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 30 DOT(s)

References

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2 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
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13 Hydroxychloroquine FDA Label
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15 ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04341727) Hydroxychloroquine,Hydroxychloroquine,Azithromycin in the Treatment of SARS CoV-2 Infection (WU352). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
16 C-440T/T-331C polymorphisms in the UGT1A9 gene affect the pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in kidney transplantation. Pharmacogenomics. 2007 Sep;8(9):1127-41.
17 Interaction and transport characteristics of mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide via human organic anion transporters hOAT1 and hOAT3. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Jun 30;74(1):161-8.
18 Diabetes mellitus reduces activity of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 in liver and kidney leading to decreased formation of mycophenolic acid acyl-glucuronide metabolite. Drug Metab Dispos. 2011 Mar;39(3):448-55.
19 Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2020 Mar;30(3):269-271.
20 TLR7/9 antagonists as therapeutics for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2007 Dec;6(4):223-35.
21 Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020 Mar;16(3):155-166.
22 MDR-ABC transporters: biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013 Sep-Oct;31(5):779-87.
23 Hydroxychloroquine: a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model in the context of cancer-related autophagy modulation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2018 Jun;365(3):447-459.
24 Somer M, Kallio J, Pesonen U, Pyykko K, Huupponen R, Scheinin M "Influence of hydroxychloroquine on the bioavailability of oral metoprolol." Br J Clin Pharmacol 49 (2000): 549-54. [PMID: 10848718]
25 Hydroxychloroquine-inhibited dengue virus is associated with host defense machinery. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2015 Mar;35(3):143-56. doi: 10.1089/jir.2014.0038. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
26 Hydroxychloroquine potentiates Fas-mediated apoptosis of rheumatoid synoviocytes. Clin Exp Immunol. 2006 Jun;144(3):503-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03070.x.
27 Hydroxychloroquine inhibits CD154 expression in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of systemic lupus erythematosus through NFAT, but not STAT5, signaling. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017 Aug 9;19(1):183. doi: 10.1186/s13075-017-1393-y.
28 Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Increase Retinal Pigment Epithelial Layer Permeability. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2015 Jul;29(7):299-304. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21696. Epub 2015 Mar 9.
29 Hydroxychloroquine decreases human MSC-derived osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in vitro. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Feb;22(2):873-882. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13373. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
30 Mitochondrial membrane permeabilization is a critical step of lysosome-initiated apoptosis induced by hydroxychloroquine. Oncogene. 2003 Jun 19;22(25):3927-36. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206622.
31 Attenuation of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine on the invasive potential of bladder cancer through targeting matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression. Environ Toxicol. 2021 Nov;36(11):2138-2145. doi: 10.1002/tox.23328. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
32 Reactive oxygen species mediate chloroquine-induced expression of chemokines by human astroglial cells. Glia. 2004 Jul;47(1):9-20. doi: 10.1002/glia.20017.
33 d-galactose induces premature senescence of lens epithelial cells by disturbing autophagy flux and mitochondrial functions. Toxicol Lett. 2018 Jun 1;289:99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.02.001. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
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