General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCLDEEY)

Drug Combination Name
Epinephrine Pentamidine
Indication
Disease Entry Status REF
Chronic myelogenous leukemia Investigative [1]
Component Drugs Epinephrine   DM3KJBC Pentamidine   DMHZJCG
Small molecular drug Small molecular drug
2D MOL 2D MOL
3D MOL 3D MOL
High-throughput Screening Result Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 2.75
Bliss Independence Score: 2.75
Loewe Additivity Score: 4.86
LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 4.87

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)
Indication(s) of Epinephrine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Acute asthma CA23 Approved [2]
Allergy 4A80-4A85 Approved [3]
Anaphylaxis N.A. Approved [2]
Bronchiectasis CA24 Approved [2]
Bronchitis CA20 Approved [2]
Periodontitis DA0C Approved [2]
Pulmonary emphysema CA21.Z Approved [2]
Severe asthma CA23 Approved [2]
Asthma CA23 Investigative [2]
Epinephrine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Adrenergic receptor beta-1 (ADRB1) TTR6W5O ADRB1_HUMAN Agonist [7]
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Epinephrine Interacts with 2 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Organic cation transporter 3 (SLC22A3) DT6201N S22A3_HUMAN Substrate [8]
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) DTT79CX S22A1_HUMAN Substrate [9]
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Epinephrine Interacts with 5 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) DEYGVN4 UD11_HUMAN Metabolism [10]
Sulfotransferase 1A1 (SULT1A1) DEYWLRK ST1A1_HUMAN Metabolism [11]
Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) DEFQ8VO TPMT_HUMAN Metabolism [12]
Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) DEV3T4A COMT_HUMAN Metabolism [13]
Monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A) DERE4TU AOFA_HUMAN Metabolism [14]
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Epinephrine Interacts with 13 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Solute carrier family 22 member 3 (SLC22A3) OTQYGVXX S22A3_HUMAN Increases Uptake [15]
Superoxide dismutase , mitochondrial (SOD2) OTIWXGZ9 SODM_HUMAN Increases Expression [16]
Renin (REN) OT52GZR2 RENI_HUMAN Increases Activity [17]
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) OTSDOX4Q ADRB2_HUMAN Increases Activity [18]
Poly polymerase 1 (PARP1) OT310QSG PARP1_HUMAN Decreases Cleavage [19]
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (ADRA1D) OTW2CD1O ADA1D_HUMAN Increases Activity [20]
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (FAS) OTP9XG86 TNR6_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor (ADRA1A) OTUIWCL5 ADA1A_HUMAN Increases Activity [20]
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor (ADRA1B) OTSAYAFD ADA1B_HUMAN Increases Activity [20]
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 (FASLG) OTZARCHH TNFL6_HUMAN Increases Expression [21]
Interleukin-8 (CXCL8) OTS7T5VH IL8_HUMAN Increases ADR [22]
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 4 (SLC29A4) OTWTZXMX S29A4_HUMAN Increases Uptake [15]
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor (ADRA2A) OTZFGOTP ADA2A_HUMAN Increases ADR [22]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 13 DOT(s)
Indication(s) of Pentamidine
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
African trypanosomiasis 1F51 Approved [4]
Fungal infection 1F29-1F2F Approved [5]
Pneumocystis pneumonia CA40.20 Approved [4]
Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Withdrawn from market [6]
Pentamidine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Tryptase alpha/beta-1 (Tryptase) TTM1TDX TRYB1_HUMAN Inhibitor [24]
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Pentamidine Interacts with 1 DTP Molecule(s)
DTP Name DTP ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Organic cation transporter 1 (SLC22A1) DTT79CX S22A1_HUMAN Substrate [25]
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Pentamidine Interacts with 6 DME Molecule(s)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) DEJGDUW CP1A2_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) DECB0K3 CP2D6_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) DES5XRU CP2C8_HUMAN Metabolism [26]
Mephenytoin 4-hydroxylase (CYP2C19) DEGTFWK CP2CJ_HUMAN Metabolism [27]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 6 DME(s)
Pentamidine Interacts with 16 DOT Molecule(s)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Mode of Action REF
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) OTFMJYYE CP2CJ_HUMAN Decreases Activity [28]
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) OT4FU8C0 NUPR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (SERPINA3) OT9BP2S0 AACT_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 3 (SLC2A3) OT2HZK5M GTR3_HUMAN Decreases Expression [23]
Inhibin beta E chain (INHBE) OTOI2NYG INHBE_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 2 (NR0B2) OT7UVICX NR0B2_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 4 (FNDC4) OTOQK0WK FNDC4_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Protein DEPP1 (DEPP1) OTB36PHJ DEPP1_HUMAN Increases Expression [23]
Nibrin (NBN) OT73B5MD NBN_HUMAN Affects Localization [29]
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain (HLA-DQB1) OTVVI3UI DQB1_HUMAN Affects Expression [30]
Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) OTCTQBWW INGR1_HUMAN Increases Expression [31]
Histone H2AX (H2AX) OT18UX57 H2AX_HUMAN Affects Localization [29]
Double-strand break repair protein MRE11 (MRE11) OTGU8TZM MRE11_HUMAN Decreases Activity [29]
Serine-protein kinase ATM (ATM) OTQVOHLT ATM_HUMAN Decreases Activity [29]
Histone acetyltransferase KAT5 (KAT5) OTL7257A KAT5_HUMAN Decreases Activity [29]
Bile acid receptor (NR1H4) OTWZLPTB NR1H4_HUMAN Increases Activity [32]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 16 DOT(s)

References

1 CheMBL Affinity Phenotypic Cellular Interaction Assay ID: CHEMBL1125966
2 Epinephrine FDA Label
3 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 509).
4 Pentamidine FDA Label
5 Opportunities and challenges in antiparasitic drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005 Sep;4(9):727-40.
6 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
7 Adrenergic activation of electrogenic K+ secretion in guinea pig distal colonic epithelium: involvement of beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptors. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G269-77.
8 Differential pharmacological in vitro properties of organic cation transporters and regional distribution in rat brain. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Jun;50(8):941-52.
9 Human intestinal transporter database: QSAR modeling and virtual profiling of drug uptake, efflux and interactions. Pharm Res. 2013 Apr;30(4):996-1007.
10 Steroid glucuronides: human circulatory levels and formation by LNCaP cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1991;40(4-6):593-8.
11 Crystal structure of human sulfotransferase SULT1A3 in complex with dopamine and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Sep 23;335(2):417-23.
12 Adrenal catecholamines and their metabolism in the vitamin A deficient rat. Ann Nutr Metab. 1983;27(3):220-7.
13 Different metabolism of norepinephrine and epinephrine by catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1994 Mar;268(3):1242-51.
14 Role of monoamine-oxidase-A-gene variation in the development of glioblastoma in males: a case control study. J Neurooncol. 2019 Nov;145(2):287-294.
15 Selective transport of monoamine neurotransmitters by human plasma membrane monoamine transporter and organic cation transporter 3. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Dec;335(3):743-53. doi: 10.1124/jpet.110.170142. Epub 2010 Sep 21.
16 Epinephrine upregulates superoxide dismutase in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001 Jan 15;30(2):148-53.
17 Hypokalemia from beta2-receptor stimulation by circulating epinephrine. N Engl J Med. 1983 Dec 8;309(23):1414-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198312083092303.
18 Myocardial ischaemia and ventricular arrhthymias precipitated by physiological concentrations of adrenaline in patients with coronary artery disease. Br Heart J. 1992 May;67(5):419-20. doi: 10.1136/hrt.67.5.419-b.
19 Epinephrine facilitates the growth of T cell lymphoma by altering cell proliferation, apoptosis, and glucose metabolism. Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Jan 5;369:110278. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110278. Epub 2022 Nov 22.
20 Carvedilol selectively inhibits oscillatory intracellular calcium changes evoked by human alpha1D- and alpha1B-adrenergic receptors. Cardiovasc Res. 2004 Sep 1;63(4):662-72. doi: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.05.014.
21 Carvedilol prevents epinephrine-induced apoptosis in human coronary artery endothelial cells: modulation of Fas/Fas ligand and caspase-3 pathway. Cardiovasc Res. 2000 Feb;45(3):788-94. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6363(99)00369-7.
22 ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.
23 A toxicogenomic approach to drug-induced phospholipidosis: analysis of its induction mechanism and establishment of a novel in vitro screening system. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Feb;83(2):282-92.
24 Inhibitors of tryptase for the treatment of mast cell-mediated diseases. Curr Pharm Des. 1998 Oct;4(5):381-96.
25 Transport of dicationic drugs pentamidine and furamidine by human organic cation transporters. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Feb;37(2):424-30.
26 Identification of human cytochrome P(450)s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs and predictions of in vivo drug hepatic clearance from in vitro data. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;59(5-6):429-42.
27 Value of preemptive CYP2C19 genotyping in allogeneic stem cell transplant patients considered for pentamidine administration. Clin Transplant. 2011 May-Jun;25(3):E271-5.
28 Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
29 Bisbenzamidine derivative, pentamidine represses DNA damage response through inhibition of histone H2A acetylation. Mol Cancer. 2010 Feb 9;9:34. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-34.
30 Systems pharmacological analysis of drugs inducing stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015 May 18;28(5):927-34. doi: 10.1021/tx5005248. Epub 2015 Apr 3.
31 Antileishmanial drugs cause up-regulation of interferon-gamma receptor 1, not only in the monocytes of visceral leishmaniasis cases but also in cultured THP1 cells. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2003 Apr;97(3):245-57. doi: 10.1179/000349803235001714.
32 Investigation of imatinib and other approved drugs as starting points for antidiabetic drug discovery with FXR modulating activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Jun 15;83(12):1674-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.02.027. Epub 2012 Mar 7.