Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DMI18HW)

• Drug Name: Benzocaine Drug Info
• Synonyms: Aethoform; Americaine; Anaesthesin; Anaesthesinum; Anaesthin; Anestezin; Anesthesin; Anesthesine; Anesthone; Bensokain; Benzocaina; Benzocainum; Chloraseptic; Dermoplast; Ethoform; Ethoforme; Hurricaine; Identhesin; Keloform; Norcain; Norcaine; Norcainum; Orthesin; Otocain; Outgro; Parathesin; Parathesine; Solarcaine; Topcaine; Aethylium paraminobenzoicum; Amben ethyl ester; Anestezin [Russian]; Baby Anbesol; Benzocaine Acetate; Benzocaine Formate; Benzocaine Hydrobromide; Benzocaine Hydrochloride; Benzocaine Methanesulfonate; Ethyl PABA; Ethyl aminobenzoate; Ethylis aminobenzoas; Solu H; Acetate, Benzocaine; Anaesthan-syngala; Auralgan (TN); Benzocaina [INN-Spanish]; Benzocaine [INN:BAN]; Benzocainum [INN-Latin]; Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate; Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate hydrochloride; Ethyl aminobenzoate (JP15); Ethyl aminobenzoate (VAN); Ethyl p-aminobenzoate; Ethyl p-aminophenylcarboxylate; Ethylaminobenzoate-4; Ethylesterkyseliny p-aminobenzoove; Ethylester kyseliny p-aminobenzoove [Czech]; Formate, Benzocaine; Hydrobromide, Benzocaine; Hydrochloride, Benzocaine; Methanesulfonate, Benzocaine; Ora-jel; P-Aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester; P-Aminobenzoic ethyl ester; P-Carbethoxyaniline; P-Ethoxycarboxylic aniline; Parathesin (TN); AE-562/40377256; Benzocaine (USP/INN); ETHYL-P-AMINOBENZOATE; P-(Ethoxycarbonyl)aniline;P-Aminobenzoic acid, ethyl ester; Benzoic acid, amino-, ethyl ester; H-4-abz-oet; Benzoic acid, 4-amino-, ethyl ester; Benzoic acid, p-amino-, ethyl ester; Benzoic acid, 4-amino-, ethyl ester, hydrochloride; 112909_ALDRICH; 112909_SIAL; 4 Aminobenzoic Acid Ethyl Ester; 4-(Ethoxycarbonyl)aniline; 4-Aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester; 4-Aminobenzoic acid, ethyl ester; 4-Carbethoxyaniline; 4-amino-benzoic acid ethyl ester

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[1]
Cough	MD12	Approved	[2]
Tinea corporis	1F28.Y	Approved	[3]
Pruritus	EC90	Investigative	[4]
Tinea infection		Investigative	[3]
Tinea pedis	1F28.2	Investigative	[3]

• Therapeutic Class: Anesthetics
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 2337
  ChEBI ID: CHEMBL278172
  CAS Number: CAS 94-09-7
  TTD Drug ID: DMI18HW
  VARIDT Drug ID: DR00662
  ACDINA Drug ID: D00061

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Sodium channel unspecific (NaC)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Phenytoin	DMNOKBV	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[7]
Carbamazepine	DMZOLBI	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[8]
Zonisamide	DM0DTF7	Alcohol dependence	6C40.2	Approved	[9]
Eslicarbazepine	DMZREFQ	Seizure disorder	8A6Z	Approved	[10]
LIDOFLAZINE	DMV23GL	Angina pectoris	BA40	Approved	[11]
LOMERIZINE	DME0TC8	Migraine	8A80	Approved	[12]
Levobupivacaine	DM783CH	Anaesthesia	9A78.6	Approved	[13]
Tetrodotoxin	DMWMPRG	Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[14]
Permethrin	DMZ0Q1G	Pediculus capitis infestation	1G00.0	Approved	[15]
Rufinamide	DMWE60C	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[16]

Drug(s) Affected By C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Troglitazone	DM3VFPD	Diabetic complication	5A2Y	Approved	[17]
Penicillamine	DM40EF6	Cystinuria	5C60.2	Approved	[18]
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[19]
Hydroquinone	DM6AVR4	Melasma	ED60.1	Approved	[20]
Marinol	DM70IK5	Anorexia nervosa cachexia	6B80	Approved	[21]
Betamethasone	DMAHJEF	Acute adrenal insufficiency		Approved	[22]
Ciclosporin	DMAZJFX	Graft-versus-host disease	4B24	Approved	[23]
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Epilepsy	8A60-8A68	Approved	[24]
Emetine	DMCT2YF	Hepatitis virus infection	1E50-1E51	Approved	[22]
Demecolcine	DMCZQGK	Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Approved	[25]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Sodium channel unspecific (NaC)	TTRK8B9	NOUNIPROTAC	Blocker	[5]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4)	OT6B8P25	CCL4_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[6]

References

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• [11] Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of phenylacetamides as sodium-channel blockers. J Med Chem. 1994 Jan 21;37(2):268-74.
• [12] Medicinal chemistry of neuronal voltage-gated sodium channel blockers. J Med Chem. 2001 Jan 18;44(2):115-37.
• [13] Block of neuronal tetrodotoxin-resistant Na+ currents by stereoisomers of piperidine local anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2000 Dec;91(6):1499-505.
• [14] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
• [15] In vitro assays for repellents and deterrents for ticks: differing effects of products when tested with attractant or arrestment stimuli. Med Vet Entomol. 2003 Dec;17(4):370-8.
• [16] Emerging drugs for epilepsy. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2007 Sep;12(3):407-22.
• [17] Increased sensitivity for troglitazone-induced cytotoxicity using a human in vitro co-culture model. Toxicol In Vitro. 2009 Oct;23(7):1387-95.
• [18] D-Penicillamine targets metastatic melanoma cells with induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and Noxa (PMAIP1)-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2012 Oct;17(10):1079-94.
• [19] Differential modulation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway during all-trans retinoic acid- and Am80-induced HL-60 cell differentiation revealed by DNA microarray analysis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Dec 1;68(11):2177-86.
• [20] Identification of human cell responses to benzene and benzene metabolites. Genomics. 2007 Sep;90(3):324-33.
• [21] Single-cell Transcriptome Mapping Identifies Common and Cell-type Specific Genes Affected by Acute Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in Humans. Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 26;10(1):3450. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59827-1.
• [22] Cell-based and cytokine-directed chemical screen to identify potential anti-multiple myeloma agents. Leuk Res. 2010 Jul;34(7):917-24. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.12.002. Epub 2010 Feb 8.
• [23] Integrative "-Omics" analysis in primary human hepatocytes unravels persistent mechanisms of cyclosporine A-induced cholestasis. Chem Res Toxicol. 2016 Dec 19;29(12):2164-2174.
• [24] Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
• [25] Characterization of formaldehyde's genotoxic mode of action by gene expression analysis in TK6 cells. Arch Toxicol. 2013 Nov;87(11):1999-2012.