Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMHVL0J)

• Drug Name: Azelaic Acid
• Synonyms: AZA; Azelaic; Azelex; Finacea; Finevin; Skinorem; Skinoren; Acide azelaique; Acide azelaique [French]; Acido azelaico; Acido azelaico [Spanish]; Acidum azelaicum; Acidum azelaicum [Latin]; Anchoic acid; Azalaic Acid; Azelaic acid polyanhydride; Azelaic polyanhydride; Azelainic acid; Azleaic Acid; Heptanedicarboxylic acid; Lepargylic acid; NONANEDIOIC ACID; Nonanedioic acid; Polyazelaic anhydride; AZ1; Dicarboxylic acid C9; Emerox 1110; Emerox 1144; ZK 62498; A-9800; AGN-191861; Azelaic acid [USAN:INN]; Azelaic acid,technical grade; Azelex (TN); Finacea (TN); Finevin (TN); N-Nonanedioic acid; Nonanedioic acid, homopolymer; Poly(azelaic anhydride); SH-441; Skinoren (TN); ZK-62498; AZELAIC ACID, 95%; Azelaic acid (USAN/INN); Emery's L-110; 1,7-Heptanedicarboxylic acid; 1,9-Nonanedioic acid

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Dermatologic Agents
• Affected Organisms: Various aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms
• ATC Code:
  D10AX03: Azelaic Acid
  D10AX: Other anti-acne preparations for topical use
  D10A: ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS FOR TOPICAL USE
  D10: ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS
  D: DERMATOLOGICALS
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 188.22
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); 1.6
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 8
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 4
• ADMET Property:
  Absorption: The systemically absorbed of drug is approximately 4% []
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 45 minutes (oral dosing), and 12 hours (topical dosing) [2]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C9H16O4
  IUPAC Name: nonanedioic acid
  Canonical SMILES: C(CCCC(=O)O)CCCC(=O)O
  InChI: InChI=1S/C9H16O4/c10-8(11)6-4-2-1-3-5-7-9(12)13/h1-7H2,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)
  InChIKey: BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 2266
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:48131
  CAS Number: 123-99-9
  UNII: F2VW3D43YT
  DrugBank ID: DB00548
  TTD ID: D0E4WR
  ACDINA ID: D00854

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (SRD5A)	TT2A0DR	S5A1_HUMAN ; S5A2_HUMAN ; PORED_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[3]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha (GNAL)	OTESDTEU	GNAL_HUMAN	Drug Response	[4]
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-15 (GNA15)	OTFYRZGV	GNA15_HUMAN	Drug Response	[4]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG)	OTHMARHO	PPARG_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[5]
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (SERPINE1)	OTT0MPQ3	PAI1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[6]
Tissue-type plasminogen activator (PLAT)	OTQPDNAB	TPA_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[6]
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU)	OTX0QGKK	UROK_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[6]

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Benzoic acid	E00009	243	Antimicrobial preservative
Glyceryl monostearate	E00310	24699	Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Viscosity-controlling agent
Cetostearyl alcohol	E00353	62238	Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Edetate disodium	E00186	8759	Complexing agent
Glycerin	E00026	753	Antimicrobial preservative; Emollient; Flavoring agent; Humectant; Lubricant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; Tonicity agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Medium-chain triglyceride	E00640	Not Available	Emollient; Lubricant; Surfactant
Polyoxyl 40 stearate	E00663	Not Available	Emulsifying agent; Surfactant
Polysorbate 80	E00665	Not Available	Dispersing agent; Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Plasticizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Suspending agent
Propylene glycol	E00040	1030	Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Sodium hydroxide	E00234	14798	Alkalizing agent
Water	E00035	962	Solvent
Cetyl palmitate	E00202	10889	Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Emulsion stabilizing agent; Stiffening agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Dimethyl isosorbide	E00361	62990	Solvent
1, 2-Diarachidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	E00721	Not Available	Other agent
Methylcellulose	E00701	Not Available	Coating agent; Emulsifying agent; Modified-release agent; Suspending agent; Binding agent; Disintegrant; Viscosity-controlling agent
Xanthan gum	E00694	Not Available	Bioadhesive material; Emulsifying agent; Gelling agent; Modified-release agent; Suspending agent; Viscosity-controlling agent

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Azelaic Acid 15% aerosol	15%	Aerosol	Topical
Azelaic Acid 15% gel	15%	Gel	Topical
Azelaic Acid 20% cream	20%	Cream	Topical

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7484).
• [2] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [3] Inhibition of 5 alpha-reductase activity in human skin by zinc and azelaic acid. Br J Dermatol. 1988 Nov;119(5):627-32.
• [4] Identification of specific ligands for orphan olfactory receptors. G protein-dependent agonism and antagonism of odorants. J Biol Chem. 2005 Mar 25;280(12):11807-15. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M411508200. Epub 2004 Dec 14.
• [5] Azelaic acid modulates the inflammatory response in normal human keratinocytes through PPARgamma activation. Exp Dermatol. 2010 Sep;19(9):813-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2010.01107.x. Epub 2010 Jul 2.
• [6] Azelaic acid decreases the fibrinolytic potential of cultured human melanoma cells in vitro. Cancer Lett. 1996 Jun 5;103(2):125-9. doi: 10.1016/0304-3835(96)04185-7.