General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTRI3Q10)

DOT Name Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 (GNGT2)
Synonyms G gamma-C; G-gamma-8; G-gamma-9; Guanine nucleotide binding protein gamma transducing activity polypeptide 2
Gene Name GNGT2
Related Disease
Age-related macular degeneration ( )
Cone dystrophy ( )
Cone-rod dystrophy ( )
Hereditary macular dystrophy ( )
Retinopathy ( )
Sclerosing cholangitis ( )
UniProt ID
GBGT2_HUMAN
3D Structure
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2D Sequence (FASTA)
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3D Structure (PDB)
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Pfam ID
PF00631
Sequence
MAQDLSEKDLLKMEVEQLKKEVKNTRIPISKAGKEIKEYVEAQAGNDPFLKGIPEDKNPF
KEKGGCLIS
Function
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
Tissue Specificity Retinal cones.
KEGG Pathway
Ras sig.ling pathway (hsa04014 )
Chemokine sig.ling pathway (hsa04062 )
PI3K-Akt sig.ling pathway (hsa04151 )
Apelin sig.ling pathway (hsa04371 )
Circadian entrainment (hsa04713 )
Retrograde endocan.binoid sig.ling (hsa04723 )
Glutamatergic sy.pse (hsa04724 )
Cholinergic sy.pse (hsa04725 )
Serotonergic sy.pse (hsa04726 )
GABAergic sy.pse (hsa04727 )
Dopaminergic sy.pse (hsa04728 )
Relaxin sig.ling pathway (hsa04926 )
Morphine addiction (hsa05032 )
Alcoholism (hsa05034 )
Human cytomegalovirus infection (hsa05163 )
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection (hsa05167 )
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection (hsa05170 )
Pathways in cancer (hsa05200 )
Reactome Pathway
G-protein activation (R-HSA-202040 )
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion (R-HSA-381676 )
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 (R-HSA-392170 )
G beta (R-HSA-392451 )
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor (R-HSA-392851 )
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion (R-HSA-400042 )
Ca2+ pathway (R-HSA-4086398 )
G alpha (q) signalling events (R-HSA-416476 )
G alpha (12/13) signalling events (R-HSA-416482 )
G beta (R-HSA-418217 )
G alpha (s) signalling events (R-HSA-418555 )
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 (R-HSA-418592 )
G alpha (i) signalling events (R-HSA-418594 )
G alpha (z) signalling events (R-HSA-418597 )
Glucagon-type ligand receptors (R-HSA-420092 )
Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor (R-HSA-428930 )
Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins (R-HSA-432040 )
Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) (R-HSA-456926 )
Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors (R-HSA-500657 )
Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding (R-HSA-6814122 )
G beta (R-HSA-8964315 )
G beta (R-HSA-8964616 )
Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling (R-HSA-9009391 )
GPER1 signaling (R-HSA-9634597 )
ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production (R-HSA-9660821 )
Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits (R-HSA-997272 )
Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels (R-HSA-1296041 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

6 Disease(s) Related to This DOT
Disease Name Disease ID Evidence Level Mode of Inheritance REF
Age-related macular degeneration DIS0XS2C Strong Genetic Variation [1]
Cone dystrophy DIS7SAZZ Strong Genetic Variation [1]
Cone-rod dystrophy DISY9RWN Strong Genetic Variation [1]
Hereditary macular dystrophy DISEYSYY Strong Genetic Variation [1]
Retinopathy DISB4B0F Strong Genetic Variation [1]
Sclerosing cholangitis DIS7GZNB Strong Genetic Variation [2]
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⏷ Show the Full List of 6 Disease(s)
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DOT
2 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Arsenic DMTL2Y1 Approved Arsenic increases the expression of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 (GNGT2). [3]
Formaldehyde DM7Q6M0 Investigative Formaldehyde decreases the expression of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 (GNGT2). [5]
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1 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT
Drug Name Drug ID Highest Status Interaction REF
Benzo(a)pyrene DMN7J43 Phase 1 Benzo(a)pyrene increases the methylation of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 (GNGT2). [4]
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References

1 Exon screening of the genes encoding the beta- and gamma-subunits of cone transducin in patients with inherited retinal disease.Mol Vis. 1998 Sep 17;4:16.
2 Genome-wide association study of primary sclerosing cholangitis identifies new risk loci and quantifies the genetic relationship with inflammatory bowel disease.Nat Genet. 2017 Feb;49(2):269-273. doi: 10.1038/ng.3745. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
3 Inorganic arsenic exposure promotes malignant progression by HDAC6-mediated down-regulation of HTRA1. J Appl Toxicol. 2023 Aug;43(8):1214-1224. doi: 10.1002/jat.4457. Epub 2023 Mar 11.
4 Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 3;8(1):1369-1391. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13622.
5 Regulation of chromatin assembly and cell transformation by formaldehyde exposure in human cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Sep 21;125(9):097019.