Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCR487P)

• Drug Combination Name: Diazoxide + Ciprofibrate
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Diazoxide (DML1538): Small molecular drug
  Ciprofibrate (DMGC5DB): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 1.31
  Bliss Independence Score: 1.31
  Loewe Additivity Score: 1.69
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 1.72

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Diazoxide

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Congenital hyperinsulinism	5A4Y	Approved	[2]
Hyperinsulinemia	5A4Y	Approved	[2]
Hypertension	BA00-BA04	Approved	[3]
Hypertensive emergency	BA03	Approved	[2]
Insulinoma	2C10.1	Approved	[2]
Malignant essential hypertension	BA00	Approved	[2]

Diazoxide Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Potassium channel unspecific (KC)	TT1VOHK	NOUNIPROTAC	Modulator	[5]

Diazoxide Interacts with 8 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)	OT4IE164	TNFA_HUMAN	Decreases Secretion	[6]
Interleukin-6 (IL6)	OTUOSCCU	IL6_HUMAN	Decreases Secretion	[6]
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NFKB1)	OTNRRD8I	NFKB1_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[7]
Interleukin-10 (IL10)	OTIRFRXC	IL10_HUMAN	Decreases Secretion	[6]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 (CCND1)	OT8HPTKJ	CCND1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1)	OTZ932A3	CTNB1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[8]
Bcl-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1)	OTRC5K9O	B2CL1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[7]
ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 11 (KCNJ11)	OTPUUELV	KCJ11_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[9]

Indication(s) of Ciprofibrate

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Hyperlipoproteinemia	5C80	Approved	[4]

Ciprofibrate Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA)	TTJ584C	PPARA_HUMAN	Agonist	[10]

Ciprofibrate Interacts with 1 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[11]

Ciprofibrate Interacts with 9 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)	OTTW0267	LIPL_HUMAN	Increases Activity	[12]
Sulfotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1)	OT0ISKQ4	ST2A1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[13]
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10)	OTOA4HTH	AK1BA_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[14]
Apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1)	OT5THARI	APOA1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[15]
Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14)	OT83GJ47	CD14_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[16]
Transcriptional activator Myb (MYB)	OTJH64IV	MYB_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 (CCND2)	OTDULQF9	CCND2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[16]
Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1)	OTM0A0DY	ACOX1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[17]
Perilipin-2 (PLIN2)	OTRXJ9UN	PLIN2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[18]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] Diazoxide FDA Label
• [3] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2409).
• [4] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3438).
• [5] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
• [6] Antihypertensive drugs clonidine, diazoxide, hydralazine and furosemide regulate the production of cytokines by placentas and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in normal pregnancy. J Hypertens. 2006 May;24(5):915-22. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000222762.84605.03.
• [7] Diazoxide-mediated preconditioning against apoptosis involves activation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and NFkappaB. J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 5;279(45):46748-54. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M406217200. Epub 2004 Aug 23.
• [8] Diazoxide-mediated growth inhibition in human lung cancer cells via downregulation of beta-catenin-mediated cyclin D1 transcription. Lung. 2009 Jan-Feb;187(1):61-7. doi: 10.1007/s00408-008-9127-1. Epub 2008 Dec 4.
• [9] Combined contributions of over-secreted glucagon-like peptide 1 and suppressed insulin secretion to hyperglycemia induced by gatifloxacin in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013 Feb 1;266(3):375-84. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.11.015. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
• [10] Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activators improve insulin sensitivity and reduce adiposity. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 2;275(22):16638-42.
• [11] Clinical pharmacokinetics of fibric acid derivatives (fibrates). Clin Pharmacokinet. 1998 Feb;34(2):155-62.
• [12] Currently available hypolipidaemic drugs and future therapeutic developments. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Oct;9(4):825-47.
• [13] Regulation of human hepatic hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase gene expression by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha transcription factor. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Apr;67(4):1257-67.
• [14] Inhibiting wild-type and C299S mutant AKR1B10; a homologue of aldose reductase upregulated in cancers. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 28;584(2-3):213-21.
• [15] Negative regulation of the human apolipoprotein A-I promoter by fibrates can be attenuated by the interaction of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor with its response element. J Biol Chem. 1994 Dec 9;269(49):31012-8.
• [16] Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligands affect growth-related gene expression in human leukemic cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Jun;305(3):932-42. doi: 10.1124/jpet.103.049098. Epub 2003 Mar 20.
• [17] Fish oil and fenofibrate prevented phosphorylation-dependent hepatic sortilin 1 degradation in Western diet-fed mice. J Biol Chem. 2014 Aug 8;289(32):22437-49. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.548933. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
• [18] Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor / and B-Cell Lymphoma-6 in Regulation of Genes Involved in Metastasis and Migration in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. PPAR Res. 2013;2013:121956. doi: 10.1155/2013/121956. Epub 2013 May 2.