Details of the Drug Combination

General Information of Drug Combination (ID: DCXENFQ)

• Drug Combination Name: Galantamine + Tetracycline
• Indication: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Status: Investigative [1]
• Component Drugs:
  Galantamine (DMEO794): Small molecular drug
  Tetracycline (DMZA017): Small molecular drug
• High-throughput Screening Result:
  Testing Cell Line: KBM-7
  Zero Interaction Potency (ZIP) Score: 7.59
  Bliss Independence Score: 7.59
  Loewe Additivity Score: 21.43
  LHighest Single Agent (HSA) Score: 21.44

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug Combination

Indication(s) of Galantamine

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Alzheimer disease	8A20	Approved	[2]
Traumatic brain injury	NA07.Z	Approved	[3]

Galantamine Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)	TT1RS9F	ACES_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[6]

Galantamine Interacts with 2 DME Molecule(s)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Metabolism	[7]
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)	DECB0K3	CP2D6_HUMAN	Metabolism	[7]

Galantamine Interacts with 5 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Cholinesterase (BCHE)	OTOH3WQ9	CHLE_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[8]
Cocaine esterase (CES2)	OTC647SQ	EST2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[9]
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 (CHRNB2)	OTNAT2M5	ACHB2_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[10]
Acetylcholinesterase (ACHE)	OT2H8HG6	ACES_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[11]
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 (CHRNA4)	OT1H0ZXC	ACHA4_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[10]

Indication(s) of Tetracycline

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[4]
Actinomycosis	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Acute gonococcal cervicitis	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Acute gonococcal epididymo-orchitis	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Bacterial infection	1A00-1C4Z	Approved	[5]
Bronchitis	CA20	Approved	[4]
Brucellosis	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Lymphogranuloma venereum	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Ornithosis	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Pneumonia	CA40	Approved	[4]
Q fever	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Relapsing fever	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Rickettsialpox	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Rocky mountain spotted fever	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Syphilis	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Trachoma	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Typhus	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Urinary tract infection	GC08	Approved	[4]
Yaws	N.A.	Approved	[4]
Pelvic inflammatory disease	GA05	Investigative	[4]
Sinusitis	CA0A.Z	Investigative	[4]

Tetracycline Interacts with 1 DTT Molecule(s)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Staphylococcus 30S ribosomal subunit (Stap-coc pbp2)	TTQ8KVI	F4NA87_STAAU	Binder	[13]

Tetracycline Interacts with 5 DTP Molecule(s)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[14]
Breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2)	DTI7UX6	ABCG2_HUMAN	Substrate	[15]
Organic anion transporter 2 (SLC22A7)	DT0OC1Q	S22A7_HUMAN	Substrate	[16]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8)	DTVP67E	S22A8_HUMAN	Substrate	[16]
Organic anion transporter 4 (SLC22A11)	DT06JWZ	S22AB_HUMAN	Substrate	[16]

Tetracycline Interacts with 44 DOT Molecule(s)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Mode of Action	REF
Solute carrier family 22 member 7 (SLC22A7)	OTKTNH1W	S22A7_HUMAN	Increases Transport	[17]
Organic anion transporter 3 (SLC22A8)	OT8BY933	S22A8_HUMAN	Increases Uptake	[16]
Glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1)	OTLP0A0Y	GSTP1_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[18]
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 3 (GSTM3)	OTLA2WJT	GSTM3_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[18]
Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1)	OT4FU8C0	NUPR1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (SERPINA3)	OT9BP2S0	AACT_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Asparagine synthetase (ASNS)	OT8R922G	ASNS_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Inhibin beta E chain (INHBE)	OTOI2NYG	INHBE_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
AP-1 complex subunit sigma-1A (AP1S1)	OTQ2H8DN	AP1S1_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Transgelin (TAGLN)	OTAEZ0KP	TAGL_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[12]
Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 4 (FNDC4)	OTOQK0WK	FNDC4_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Protein DEPP1 (DEPP1)	OTB36PHJ	DEPP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[12]
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	OTQGYY83	CP3A4_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[19]
Alternative prion protein (PRNP)	OTE85L1Q	APRIO_HUMAN	Affects Binding	[20]
Claudin-11 (CLDN11)	OTNN6UTL	CLD11_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
72 kDa type IV collagenase (MMP2)	OT5NIWA2	MMP2_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[22]
Stromelysin-1 (MMP3)	OTGBI74Z	MMP3_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[22]
Integrin alpha-5 (ITGA5)	OT3RCI67	ITA5_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[21]
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1)	OT6UQV2K	IBP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[23]
Integrin alpha-M (ITGAM)	OTAG6HWU	ITAM_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha (TOP2A)	OT6LPS08	TOP2A_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[24]
Integrin alpha-L (ITGAL)	OTCUQAIS	ITAL_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Neutrophil collagenase (MMP8)	OTZXH19L	MMP8_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[22]
Integrin alpha-3 (ITGA3)	OTBCH21D	ITA3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)	OTCYKGKO	MK03_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[25]
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)	OTH85PI5	MK01_HUMAN	Decreases Phosphorylation	[25]
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBF1)	OTWBRPAI	SRBP1_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[23]
Collagenase 3 (MMP13)	OTY8BZIE	MMP13_HUMAN	Decreases Activity	[22]
Gap junction alpha-8 protein (GJA8)	OTZCPRKD	CXA8_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit (MTTP)	OTNUVSDT	MTP_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[23]
Claudin-15 (CLDN15)	OT9K0KI7	CLD15_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Claudin-6 (CLDN6)	OTEN8ID2	CLD6_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Claudin-8 (CLDN8)	OT7IIWXG	CLD8_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Claudin-2 (CLDN2)	OTRF3D6Y	CLD2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Claudin-10 (CLDN10)	OT2CVAKY	CLD10_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme (EHHADH)	OTBAAHL5	ECHP_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[23]
Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2)	OTE5PDD0	DGAT2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[25]
Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4 (NOTCH4)	OTBCHB61	NOTC4_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)	OTTRZGU7	ACE2_HUMAN	Increases Expression	[26]
Gap junction delta-2 protein (GJD2)	OTDR288R	CXD2_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 3 (NOTCH3)	OTMVVA7F	NOTC3_HUMAN	Decreases Expression	[21]
Solute carrier family 22 member 6 (SLC22A6)	OTKRCBVM	S22A6_HUMAN	Increases Export	[16]
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 4 (ABCC4)	OTO27PAL	MRP4_HUMAN	Increases Transport	[27]
Organic anion transporter 7 (SLC22A9)	OTO4BJCC	S22A9_HUMAN	Increases Export	[16]

References

• [1] Recurrent recessive mutation in deoxyguanosine kinase causes idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension.Hepatology. 2016 Jun;63(6):1977-86. doi: 10.1002/hep.28499. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
• [2] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 6693).
• [3] Galantamine FDA Label
• [4] Tetracycline FDA Label
• [5] How many modes of action should an antibiotic have Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;8(5):564-73.
• [6] [From symptomatic to disease modifying therapy Recent developments in the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2009 Jun;77(6):326-33.
• [7] Clinical pharmacokinetics of galantamine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42(15):1383-92.
• [8] Lichens of parmelioid clade as promising multitarget neuroprotective agents. Chem Res Toxicol. 2019 Jun 17;32(6):1165-1177.
• [9] Inhibition of human carboxylesterases hCE1 and hiCE by cholinesterase inhibitors. Chem Biol Interact. 2013 Mar 25;203(1):226-30.
• [10] Cholinergic drugs potentiate human nicotinic alpha4beta2 acetylcholine receptors by a competitive mechanism. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Feb 21;509(2-3):97-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.12.037.
• [11] Potencies and selectivities of inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and its molecular forms in normal and Alzheimer's disease brain. Acta Biol Hung. 2003;54(2):183-9. doi: 10.1556/ABiol.54.2003.2.7.
• [12] Determination of phospholipidosis potential based on gene expression analysis in HepG2 cells. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Mar;96(1):101-14.
• [13] The glycylcyclines: a comparative review with the tetracyclines. Drugs. 2004;64(1):63-88.
• [14] Mammalian drug efflux transporters of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) family in multidrug resistance: A review of the past decade. Cancer Lett. 2016 Jan 1;370(1):153-64.
• [15] Arginine-482 is not essential for transport of antibiotics, primary bile acids and unconjugated sterols by the human breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). Biochem J. 2005 Jan 15;385(Pt 2):419-26.
• [16] Human organic anion transporters mediate the transport of tetracycline. Jpn J Pharmacol. 2002 Jan;88(1):69-76.
• [17] Transport mechanism and substrate specificity of human organic anion transporter 2 (hOat2 [SLC22A7]). J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 May;57(5):573-8.
• [18] Inhibition of glutathione S-transferases by antimalarial drugs possible implications for circumventing anticancer drug resistance. Int J Cancer. 2002 Feb 10;97(5):700-5.
• [19] A comprehensive in vitro and in silico analysis of antibiotics that activate pregnane X receptor and induce CYP3A4 in liver and intestine. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Aug;36(8):1689-97.
• [20] Tetracycline affects abnormal properties of synthetic PrP peptides and PrP(Sc) in vitro. J Mol Biol. 2000 Jul 28;300(5):1309-22. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3840.
• [21] Effects of residual levels of tetracycline on the barrier functions of human intestinal epithelial cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017 Nov;109(Pt 1):253-263. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.004. Epub 2017 Sep 4.
• [22] Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of targeted tetracycline derivatives: effects on inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases. Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Mar 15;15(6):2368-74. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.01.026. Epub 2007 Jan 19.
• [23] Advantageous use of HepaRG cells for the screening and mechanistic study of drug-induced steatosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2016 Jul 1;302:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.04.007. Epub 2016 Apr 16.
• [24] Old drug, new target: ellipticines selectively inhibit RNA polymerase I transcription. J Biol Chem. 2013 Feb 15;288(7):4567-82. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.411611. Epub 2013 Jan 4.
• [25] Increased hepatic Fatty Acid uptake and esterification contribute to tetracycline-induced steatosis in mice. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Jun;145(2):273-82. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv049. Epub 2015 Mar 4.
• [26] Effect of common medications on the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors in liver tissue. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Dec;94(12):4037-4041. doi: 10.1007/s00204-020-02869-1. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
• [27] Multichannel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry cocktail method for comprehensive substrate characterization of multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 transporter. Pharm Res. 2007 Dec;24(12):2281-96.