Details of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

General Information of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME) (ID: DECB0K3)

DME Name Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)
Synonyms Cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6; Cytochrome P450-DB1; Debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase; CYP2D6; CYP2DL1; CYPIID6
Gene Name CYP2D6
UniProt ID
CP2D6_HUMAN
INTEDE ID
DME0009
3D Structure
Download
2D Sequence (FASTA)
Download
3D Structure (PDB)
Download
Gene ID
1565
EC Number EC: 1.14.14.1
Oxidoreductase
Oxygen paired donor oxidoreductase
Flavin/flavoprotein donor oxidoreductase
EC: 1.14.14.1
Lineage Species: Homo sapiens
Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens
Sequence
MGLEALVPLAVIVAIFLLLVDLMHRRQRWAARYPPGPLPLPGLGNLLHVDFQNTPYCFDQ
LRRRFGDVFSLQLAWTPVVVLNGLAAVREALVTHGEDTADRPPVPITQILGFGPRSQGVF
LARYGPAWREQRRFSVSTLRNLGLGKKSLEQWVTEEAACLCAAFANHSGRPFRPNGLLDK
AVSNVIASLTCGRRFEYDDPRFLRLLDLAQEGLKEESGFLREVLNAVPVLLHIPALAGKV
LRFQKAFLTQLDELLTEHRMTWDPAQPPRDLTEAFLAEMEKAKGNPESSFNDENLRIVVA
DLFSAGMVTTSTTLAWGLLLMILHPDVQRRVQQEIDDVIGQVRRPEMGDQAHMPYTTAVI
HEVQRFGDIVPLGVTHMTSRDIEVQGFRIPKGTTLITNLSSVLKDEAVWEKPFRFHPEHF
LDAQGHFVKPEAFLPFSAGRRACLGEPLARMELFLFFTSLLQHFSFSVPTGQPRPSHHGV
FAFLVSPSPYELCAVPR
Function
This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, steroids and retinoids. It catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). It also metabolizes endocannabinoid arachidonoylethanolamide (anandamide) to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid ethanolamide (20-HETE-EA) and 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid ethanolamides (EpETrE-EAs). In addition, it catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds and metabolizes cholesterol toward 25- hydroxycholesterol. It catalyzes the oxidative transformations of all-trans retinol to all-trans retina and also involved in the oxidative metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
KEGG Pathway
Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 (hsa00982 )
Endocrine resistance (hsa01522 )
Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (hsa00980 )
Serotonergic synapse (hsa04726 )
Reactome Pathway
CYP2E1 reactions (R-HSA-211999 )
Fatty acids (R-HSA-211935 )
Miscellaneous substrates (R-HSA-211958 )
Xenobiotics (R-HSA-211981 )
Biosynthesis of maresin-like SPMs (R-HSA-9027307 )

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DME

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This DME
264 Approved Drug(s) Metabolized by This DME
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Acebutolol DM0TI4U Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [25]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [26]
Ajmaline DMDJW5K Atrial fibrillation BC81.3 Approved [27]
Almotriptan malate DMFG5ST N. A. N. A. Approved [28]
Alogliptin DM8WI3R Type-2 diabetes 5A11 Approved [29]
Amiodarone DMUTEX3 Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [30]
Amitriptyline DMK7F9S Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [31]
Amoxapine DMKITQE Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [32]
Amphetamine DMSZQAK Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [33]
Amprenavir DMLMXE0 Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [34]
Amsacrine DMZKYIV Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [35]
Anisodamine DMW51AX Central and peripheral nervous disease 8A04-8E7Z Approved [25]
Aprindine DMBXWU8 Cardiac arrhythmias BC9Z Approved [36]
Arformoterol DMYM974 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [37]
Aripiprazole DM3NUMH Bipolar I disorder Approved [38]
Artemether DM48QOT Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [39]
Asenapine DMSQZE2 Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [40]
Atenolol DMNKG1Z Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [25]
Atomoxetine DM5L6HI Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [41]
Azelastine DMXTMBJ Allergic conjunctivitis 9A60.02 Approved [42]
Benzatropine DMF7EXL Parkinsonian disorder Approved [43]
Benzyl alcohol DMBVYDI Head and body lice 1G00.0 Approved [44]
Bepridil DM0RKS4 Chronic/stable angina BA40.1 Approved [45]
Betaxolol DM6EUL5 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [46]
Bevantolol DMZFICR Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [25]
Bisoprolol DM3UZ95 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [47]
Bopindolol DMIFYLX Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [25]
Bortezomib DMNO38U Leukemia Approved [48]
Buflomedil DMG1OPF Peripheral vascular disease BD4Z Approved [49]
Bupivacaine DM4PRFC Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [50]
Buprenorphine DMPRI8G Opioid dependence 6C43.2Z Approved [51]
Bupropion DM5PCS7 Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [52]
Buspirone DMBS632 Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [53]
Caffeine DMKBJWP Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [54]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [55]
Capsaicin DMGMF6V Back pain ME84.Z Approved [56]
Captopril DM458UM Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [27]
Cariprazine DMJYDVK Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [57]
Carteolol DMFMDOB Glaucoma/ocular hypertension 9C61 Approved [58]
Carvedilol DMHTEAO Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [48]
Celecoxib DM6LOQU Dysmenorrhea GA34.3 Approved [59]
Cephalexin DMD5JU8 Acute otitis media AB00 Approved [60]
Cevimeline DMWSMND Sjogren syndrome 4A43.20 Approved [61]
Chloroquine DMSI5CB Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [62]
Chlorpheniramine DM5URA2 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [63]
Chlorpromazine DMBGZI3 Acute intermittent hepatic porphyria 5C58.11 Approved [64]
Chlorzoxazone DMCYVDT Acute pain MG31 Approved [65]
Ciclesonide DM2NA4K Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [66]
Cilostazol DMZMSCT Intermittent claudication BD40.00 Approved [67]
Cinacalcet DMCX0K3 Hyperparathyroidism 5A51 Approved [68]
Cinnarizine DM7U5QJ Meniere disease AB31.0 Approved [48]
Citalopram DM2G9AE Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [69]
Clevidipine butyrate DMW4M97 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [70]
Clofibrate DMPC1J7 Dysbetalipoproteinemia 5C80.2 Approved [71]
Clomifene DMKI7RB Female infertility GA31.Z Approved [72]
Clonidine DM6RZ9Q Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [73]
Clozapine DMFC71L Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [74]
Cobicistat DM6L4H2 Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [75]
Cocaine DMSOX7I Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [76]
Codeine DMJX6ZG Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [77]
Cyclobenzaprine DM1YBRM Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [78]
Dacomitinib DMOH8VY Non-small-cell lung cancer 2C25.Y Approved [79]
Dapagliflozin DM28UJG Non-insulin dependent diabetes 5A11 Approved [80]
Darifenacin DMWXLYZ Overactive bladder GC50.0 Approved [81]
Debrisoquin DMC50ME Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [82]
Delavirdine DM3NF5G Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [83]
Desipramine DMT2FDC Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [84]
Desvenalfaxine succinate DMJE6KO Fibromyalgia MG30.01 Approved [85]
Deutetrabenazine DMUPFLI Huntington disease 8A01.10 Approved [86]
Dexchlorpheniramine Maleate DMA8DPN Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [63]
Dextroamphetamine DMMIHVP Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [33]
Dextromethorphan DMUDJZM Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [77]
Dextropropoxyphene DM23HCX Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [87]
Diltiazem DMAI7ZV Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [88]
Diphenhydramine DMKQTBA Hyperemesis gravidarum Approved [89]
Dolasetron DMMG26Z Nausea MD90 Approved [90]
Domperidone DMBDPY0 Gastrointestinal disease DE2Z Approved [91]
Donepezil DMIYG7Z Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [92]
Dopamine DMPGUCF Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [93]
Doxazosin DM9PLRH Benign prostatic hyperplasia GA90 Approved [94]
Doxepin DMPI98T Anxiety Approved [95]
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [96]
Dronedarone DMA8FS5 Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [97]
Duloxetine DM9BI7M Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [98]
Dutasteride DMQ4TJK Benign prostatic hyperplasia GA90 Approved [98]
Eletriptan DMW649X Migraine 8A80 Approved [99]
Eliglustat tartrate DMSRZAO Metabolic disorder 5C50-5D2Z Approved [100]
Emetine DMCT2YF Hepatitis virus infection 1E50-1E51 Approved [101]
Epinastine DMX0K3Q Allergic conjunctivitis 9A60.02 Approved [102]
Erlotinib DMCMBHA Adrenal gland neoplasm Approved [103]
Escitalopram DMFK9HG Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [104]
Esmolol DM51TYR Acute supraventricular tachycardia BC81 Approved [25]
Fesoterodine fumarate DM13495 Overactive bladder GC50.0 Approved [105]
Fexinidazole DMOYE70 African trypanosomiasis 1F51 Approved [106]
Flecainide DMSQDLE Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [107]
Flunarizine DMZU5JP Migraine 8A80 Approved [48]
Fluoxetine DM3PD2C Bipolar depression Approved [108]
Fluphenazine DMIT8LX Psychotic disorder 6A20-6A25 Approved [74]
Fluvastatin DM4MDJY Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [109]
Formoterol DMSOURV Allergic asthma CA23.0 Approved [37]
Fusidic Acid DMWVCF3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [110]
Galantamine DMEO794 Alzheimer disease 8A20 Approved [111]
Gefitinib DM15F0X Colon adenocarcinoma Approved [112]
Gepirone DMGX5Q0 Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [113]
Granisetron DMIUW25 Malignant glioma 2A00.0 Approved [114]
Halofantrine DMOMK1V Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [62]
Haloperidol DM96SE0 Delirium Approved [64]
Halothane DM80OZ5 Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [27]
Hydrocodone bitartrate DMIAPBE N. A. N. A. Approved [115]
Hydrogen peroxide DM1NG5W Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Approved [116]
Hydromorphone DMHP21E Back pain ME84.Z Approved [117]
Ibrutinib DMHZCPO Mantle cell lymphoma 2A85.5 Approved [118]
Idarubicin DMM0XGL Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [119]
Iloperidone DM6AUFY Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [120]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [48]
Imipramine DM2NUH3 Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [121]
Incruse Ellipta DM32GSJ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [122]
Indinavir DM0T3YH Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [123]
Ipecac DMLZTP9 Poison intoxication NE6Z Approved [124]
Istradefylline DM20VSK Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Approved [125]
Labetalol DMK8U72 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [126]
Levobetaxolol DMSREPX Chronic open-angle glaucoma 9C61.0 Approved [25]
Levobunolol DMTNFCQ Ocular hypertension 9C61.01 Approved [25]
Levodopa DMN3E57 Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Approved [127]
Levomepromazine DMIKFEL Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [128]
Levomilnacipran DMV26S8 Fibromyalgia MG30.01 Approved []
Lidocaine DML4ZOT Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [129]
Lisdexamfetamine DM6W8V5 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 6A05.Z Approved [130]
Lisuride DMCME17 Acromegaly 5A60.0 Approved [131]
Lofexidine DM1WXA6 Heroin and opiate withdrawal 6C43 Approved [132]
Loperamide DMOJZQ9 Diarrhea ME05.1 Approved [133]
Loratadine DMF3AN7 Allergy 4A80-4A85 Approved [134]
Lorcaserin DMG6OYJ Obesity 5B81 Approved [135]
Loxapine DM8AI9U Bipolar disorder 6A60 Approved [136]
Luvox DMJKROX Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [137]
Maprotiline DMPWB7T Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [138]
Meclizine DMS7T13 Dizziness MB48 Approved [139]
Meperidine DMX4GND Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [140]
Mephenytoin DM5UGDK Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [141]
Mepindolol DMUDWP9 Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [25]
Mequitazine DMAFBCY Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [142]
Mesoridazine DM2ZGAN Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [143]
Methadone DMTW6IU Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [144]
Methamphetamine DMPM4SK Anxiety Approved [145]
Methamphetamine hydrochloride DMO2JBC N. A. N. A. Approved [145]
Methoxyflurane DML0RAE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [146]
Methyldopa DM5I621 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [147]
Methyprylon DMBW7VH Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [148]
Metipranolol DMJMVKI Ocular hypertension 9C61.01 Approved [25]
Metoclopramide DMFA5MY Nausea MD90 Approved [149]
Metoprolol DMOJ0V6 Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [150]
Mexiletine DMCTE9R Ventricular tachycardia BC71 Approved [151]
Mianserin DMVKA4O Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [152]
Midodrine DME2PY5 Orthostatic hypotension BA21 Approved [153]
Minaprine DM0EP7M Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [154]
Mirabegron DMS1GYT Overactive bladder GC50.0 Approved [155]
Mirtazapine DML53ZJ Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [156]
Moclobemide DMNZWL7 Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [157]
Morphine DMRMS0L Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [158]
Nateglinide DMLK2QH Diabetic complication 5A2Y Approved [159]
Nebivolol DM7F1PA Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [160]
Nefazodone DM4ZS8M Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [161]
Nevirapine DM6HX9B Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [162]
Nicardipine DMCDYW7 High blood pressure BA00 Approved [163]
Nicergoline DMBCM8L Brain ischaemia 8B1Z Approved [164]
Nicotine DMWX5CO Lung cancer 2C25.0 Approved [165]
Nifedipine DMSVOZT Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [166]
Nitrofurazone DMSM2KE Skin burns ME65.0 Approved [167]
Nortriptyline DM4KDYJ Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [168]
Olanzapine DMPFN6Y Bipolar depression Approved [169]
Oliceridine DM6MDCF Acute pain MG31 Approved [170]
Ondansetron DMOTQ1I Chemotherapy-induced nausea MD90 Approved [171]
OPC-34712 DMHG57U Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [172]
Opipramol DMPUOXF Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [27]
Oxamniquine DM2QDX1 Schistosomiasis 1F86 Approved [173]
Oxatomide DM1F42Z Hay fever CA08.00 Approved [174]
Oxprenolol DM51OQW Anxiety Approved [25]
Oxymorphone DM65AGJ Pain MG30-MG3Z Approved [175]
Paliperidone DM7NPJS Psychotic disorder 6A20-6A25 Approved [176]
Palonosetron DMBHMOX Nausea MD90 Approved [171]
Paroxetine DM5PVQE Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [177]
Pazopanib DMF57DM N. A. N. A. Approved [178]
Penbutolol DM4ES8F Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [25]
Pentamidine DMHZJCG African trypanosomiasis 1F51 Approved [179]
Perazine DM2AOTZ Psychotic disorder 6A20-6A25 Approved [180]
Perhexiline DMINO7Z Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [181]
Perospirone DMVHJLX Psychotic disorder 6A20-6A25 Approved [182]
Perphenazine DMA4MRX Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [64]
Pimozide DMW83TP Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [183]
Piperazine DMTY9LU Ascariasis 1F62 Approved [184]
Pipotiazine DMC68DF Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [185]
Ponatinib DMYGJQO Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [186]
Practolol DMGLZ26 Cardiac arrhythmias BC9Z Approved [25]
Procainamide DMNMXR8 Ventricular arrhythmias BC71 Approved [187]
Prochlorperazine DM53SRA Nausea MD90 Approved [188]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [189]
Prolixin decanoate DMMJ1IS Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [74]
Promethazine DM6I5GR Hyperemesis gravidarum Approved [153]
Propafenone DMPIBJK Tachyarrhythmias BC71 Approved [190]
Propofol DMB4OLE Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [191]
Propranolol DM79NTF Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [192]
Pyrantel DMG2X3E Worm infection 1F90.Z Approved [179]
Quetiapine DM1N62C Anorexia nervosa cachexia 6B80 Approved [193]
Quinidine DMLPICK N. A. N. A. Approved [194]
Quinine DMSWYF5 Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [195]
Ranitidine DM0GUSX Gastric ulcer DA60 Approved [196]
Ranolazine DM0C9IL Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [197]
Revefenacin DMMP5SI Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [198]
Rifampicin DM5DSFZ Non-insulin dependent diabetes 5A11 Approved [199]
Risperidone DMN6DXL Bipolar I disorder Approved [200]
Ritonavir DMU764S Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [201]
Ropivacaine DMSPJG2 Anaesthesia 9A78.6 Approved [27]
Rucaparib DM9PVX8 Ovarian cancer 2C73 Approved []
Saquinavir DMG814N Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [123]
Selegiline Hydrochloride DM3VR1L Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Approved [202]
Sertraline DM0FB1J Coronary heart disease BA80.Z Approved [203]
Sildenafil citrate DMSWJ5X N. A. N. A. Approved [48]
Simvastatin DM30SGU Arteriosclerosis BD40 Approved [204]
Solifenacin DMG592Q Overactive bladder GC50.0 Approved [205]
Sotalol DML60TN Sinus rhythm disorder BC9Y Approved [25]
Tafenoquine DM1XT4N Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [206]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [207]
Tamsulosin DM5QF9V Benign prostatic hyperplasia GA90 Approved [208]
Tapentadol hydrochloride DMXLSH3 Acute pain MG31 Approved [209]
Tegaserod DM3XYD1 Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Approved [210]
TERTATOLOL DM2L3D5 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [25]
Tetrabenazine DMYWQ0O Huntington disease 8A01.10 Approved [211]
Theophylline DMRJFN9 Bronchitis CA20 Approved [212]
Thioridazine DM35M8J Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [143]
Ticlopidine DMO946V Acute coronary syndrome BA41 Approved [213]
Timolol DM3NXRU High blood pressure BA00 Approved [214]
Tipranavir DM8HJX6 Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [215]
Tolperisone DMA2GHJ Muscle spasm MB47.3 Approved [216]
Tolterodine DMSHPW8 Overactive bladder GC50.0 Approved [217]
Trabectedin DMG3Y89 Leiomyosarcoma 2B58 Approved [218]
Tramadol DMRQD04 Osteoarthritis FA00-FA05 Approved [219]
Trazodone DMK1GBJ Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [220]
TRICLABENDAZOLE DMPWGBR Helminth infection 1F90.0 Approved [221]
Trimipramine DM1SC8M Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [222]
Tropisetron DMNSJ7V Fibromyalgia MG30.01 Approved [171]
Upadacitinib DM32B5U Rheumatoid arthritis FA20 Approved [223]
Venlafaxine DMR6QH0 Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [224]
Vilazodone DM4LECQ Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [225]
Vinblastine DM5TVS3 Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [96]
Vincamine DMK1ZOR Cerebrovascular disease 8B2Z Approved [226]
Vinorelbine DMVXFYE Advanced cancer 2A00-2F9Z Approved [96]
Vonoprazan DMO6315 Helicobacter infection DA42-DA63 Approved [227]
Vortioxetine DM6F1PU Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Approved [228]
Yohimbine DMJCP1Y Erectile dysfunction HA01.1 Approved [229]
Zalcitabine DMH7MUV Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [230]
Zolpidem DMWOSKJ Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [231]
ZOTEPINE DMF3VXA Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Approved [232]
Zuclopenthixol DMKYD5N Schizophrenia 6A20 Approved [233]
Aminophenazone DMY2AH1 N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [234]
Arotinolol DML1VXW N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [25]
Benzethonium DMHKZX1 N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [43]
Celiprolol DMYTGW0 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Phase 4 [25]
Chlorphenamine DM6C4YJ Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Phase 4 [63]
Cibenzoline DMBG0N4 N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [235]
Dapoxetine DMV6KFY Premature ejaculation HA03.0Z Phase 4 [236]
Dihydrocodeine DMB0FWL Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Phase 4 [237]
Esmirtazapine DMKEGI3 N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [238]
Guanoxan DMLYXBF N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [27]
Indenolol DM2R496 N. A. N. A. Phase 4 [25]
⏷ Show the Full List of 264 Approved Drug(s)
30 Clinical Trial Drug(s) Metabolized by This DME
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Azimilide DMUIBV8 Atrial fibrillation BC81.3 Phase 3 [239]
Bicifadine DM42GP9 Chronic low back pain MG30.02 Phase 3 [240]
FT-0710230 DMF4I1V N. A. N. A. Phase 3 [241]
Iclaprim DM7YNV9 Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Phase 3 [242]
Karenitecin DMCRGY4 Lung cancer 2C25.0 Phase 3 [243]
LU AE58054 DMWGRQD Schizophrenia 6A20 Phase 3 [244]
MURAGLITAZAR DMG3NFZ N. A. N. A. Phase 3 [245]
Nabiximols DMHKJ5I Cancer related pain MG30 Phase 3 [55]
NBI-98854 DMVO1C0 Movement disorder 8A07-8A0Z Phase 3 [246]
Netupitant DMEKAYI Chemotherapy-induced nausea MD90 Phase 3 [247]
ONO-1101 DMU86DM N. A. N. A. Phase 3 [25]
Vernakalant DMOQ81Y Atrial fibrillation BC81.3 Phase 3 [248]
BUCINDOLOL DMV52CP Atrial fibrillation BC81.3 Phase 2/3 [25]
PACTIMIBE DM0NZDT Arteriosclerosis BD40 Phase 2/3 [249]
BCP-13498 DM2BO9W N. A. N. A. Phase 2 [250]
BMS 650032 DMQI43G Hepatitis C virus infection 1E51.1 Phase 2 [251]
CP-122721 DMSWLM5 Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Phase 2 [252]
Ferroquine DMICMXE Malaria 1F40-1F45 Phase 2 [253]
GSK683699 DMTW79H Inflammatory bowel disease DD72 Phase 2 [254]
LY2603618 DMCXRZF Pancreatic cancer 2C10 Phase 2 [255]
Prajmaline DMIVMR3 N. A. N. A. Phase 2 [256]
Roxatidine DMIZMYQ N. A. N. A. Phase 2 [257]
Sitamaquine DMY3JWO Infectious disease 1A00-CA43.1 Phase 2 [258]
SQ-109 DMWK9BX Bacterial infection 1A00-1C4Z Phase 2 [259]
SUN13834 DMPK34E Gram-positive bacterial infection 1B74-1G40 Phase 2 [27]
H3B-6545 DMIFCY2 Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Phase 1/2 [260]
ABT-333 DM7TOWX Hepatitis C virus infection 1E51.1 Phase 1 [261]
ITX-5061 DM702MU Human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection 1C62 Phase 1 [262]
NSC-172130 DM6093Y N. A. N. A. Phase 1 [263]
SALVINORIN A DMJ3HQY Cerebral vasospasm BA85.Z Phase 1 [264]
⏷ Show the Full List of 30 Clinical Trial Drug(s)
22 Discontinued Drug(s) Metabolized by This DME
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Alprenolol DMYJ8Z3 Hypertension BA00-BA04 Withdrawn from market [128]
Astemizole DM2HN6Q Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Withdrawn from market [265]
Dexfenfluramine DMJ7YDS Obesity 5B81 Withdrawn from market [266]
Encainide DMK0GHV Heart arrhythmia BC65 Withdrawn from market [267]
INDORAMIN DMNSJFD Hypertension BA00-BA04 Withdrawn from market [27]
Phenacetin DMRQAM0 Analgesia MB40.8 Withdrawn from market [268]
Phenformin DMQ52JG Diabetic complication 5A2Y Withdrawn from market [76]
Remoxipride DMGQF3R Schizophrenia 6A20 Withdrawn from market [27]
Sertindole DMMP65N Schizophrenia 6A20 Withdrawn from market [269]
Terfenadine DM4KLPT Allergy 4A80-4A85 Withdrawn from market [102]
Epanolol DML1Y49 Angina pectoris BA40 Discontinued in Preregistration [25]
Etilevodopa DMF93U1 Parkinson disease 8A00.0 Discontinued in Phase 3 [270]
Sabeluzole DMSW051 Cerebrovascular ischaemia 8B1Z Discontinued in Phase 3 [271]
Octopamine DMLQVTJ Thrombosis DB61-GB90 Discontinued in Phase 2a [272]
Benzydamine DMEQL9U Chemotherapy or radiotherapy-induced mucositis DA42-DA60 Discontinued in Phase 2 [273]
BMS-181101 DMT4VSE Mood disorder 6A60-6E23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [274]
Brofaromine DMTEQ0G Anxiety disorder 6B00-6B0Z Discontinued in Phase 2 [275]
Ezlopitant DMTUPZ2 Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Discontinued in Phase 2 [276]
MCPP DMIG5W8 Mood disorder 6A60-6E23 Discontinued in Phase 2 [277]
Nemifitide DM6VP9U Major depressive disorder 6A70.3 Discontinued in Phase 2 [278]
Tesmilifene DMPB36I Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Discontinued in Phase 2 [279]
VR-776 DMFQWNI Premature ejaculation HA03.0Z Discontinued in Phase 1 [280]
⏷ Show the Full List of 22 Discontinued Drug(s)
1 Preclinical Drug(s) Metabolized by This DME
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Oxycodone hydrochloride DMCA7LN Chronic pain MG30 Application submitted [281]
16 Investigative Drug(s) Metabolized by This DME
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
5-MEO-DMT DMG0EL7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [282]
Befunolol DMV15JC N. A. N. A. Investigative [25]
Beta-methoxyamphetamine DMA9CSG Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [283]
Bufuralol DMJSC07 N. A. N. A. Investigative [284]
Bupranolol DMUT9IQ N. A. N. A. Investigative [27]
Butyrfentanyl DM9X2FV N. A. N. A. Investigative [285]
Chloroxylenol DMM75WZ N. A. N. A. Investigative [27]
Cloranolol DMH7GKB N. A. N. A. Investigative [25]
Ethylmorphine DM0YROF Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [286]
Etilamfetamine DMR9YL6 N. A. N. A. Investigative [33]
Lorpiprazole DMK5J9M N. A. N. A. Investigative [287]
Methoxyphenamine DMN8HRU N. A. N. A. Investigative [288]
METHYLENEDIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE DMYVU47 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [289]
Phenazone DMCE985 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [290]
repinotan DM47TSV Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [291]
Sparteine DMWCIMG N. A. N. A. Investigative [145]
⏷ Show the Full List of 16 Investigative Drug(s)

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) of This DME

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA) Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This DME
Disease Name ICD 11 Studied Tissue p-value Fold-Change Z-score
Acute myelocytic leukaemia 2B33.1 Bone marrow 2.68E-01 5.03E-03 2.52E-02
Alopecia ED70 Skin from scalp 2.07E-01 -1.74E-02 -7.66E-02
Alzheimer's disease 8A20 Entorhinal cortex 7.30E-01 -1.91E-02 -1.41E-01
Ankylosing spondylitis FA92.0 Pheripheral blood 7.53E-01 1.21E-03 1.45E-02
Aortic stenosis BB70 Calcified aortic valve 5.67E-01 1.35E-01 2.39E-01
Apnea 7A40 Hyperplastic tonsil 1.31E-01 -1.20E-01 -6.20E-01
Arthropathy FA00-FA5Z Peripheral blood 9.39E-02 3.35E-02 3.25E-01
Asthma CA23 Nasal and bronchial airway 1.21E-04 -2.33E-01 -5.09E-01
Atopic dermatitis EA80 Skin 3.35E-02 2.21E-02 1.60E-01
Autism 6A02 Whole blood 1.72E-01 1.22E-01 4.54E-01
Autoimmune uveitis 9A96 Peripheral monocyte 2.04E-03 -3.73E-01 -1.91E+00
Autosomal dominant monocytopenia 4B04 Whole blood 9.44E-01 -2.77E-02 -1.99E-01
Bacterial infection of gingival 1C1H Gingival tissue 5.83E-01 -1.74E-02 -7.78E-02
Batten disease 5C56.1 Whole blood 1.03E-02 7.98E-02 1.16E+00
Behcet's disease 4A62 Peripheral blood 1.42E-01 6.96E-02 3.85E-01
Bipolar disorder 6A60-6A6Z Prefrontal cortex 7.18E-01 -4.95E-02 -3.91E-01
Bladder cancer 2C94 Bladder tissue 6.53E-04 7.65E-01 2.65E+00
Breast cancer 2C60-2C6Z Breast tissue 6.51E-02 -2.38E-02 -9.58E-02
Cardioembolic stroke 8B11.20 Whole blood 1.10E-01 -4.38E-02 -3.62E-01
Cervical cancer 2C77 Cervical tissue 5.95E-01 -2.05E-02 -1.41E-01
Childhood onset rheumatic disease FA20.Z Peripheral blood 7.46E-01 3.70E-02 1.18E-01
Chronic hepatitis C 1E51.1 Whole blood 1.31E-01 1.04E-01 8.98E-01
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Lung tissue 8.01E-02 6.73E-02 3.36E-01
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Small airway epithelium 2.91E-04 1.41E-01 6.14E-01
Chronic rhinosinusitis CA0A Sinus mucosa tissue 9.47E-01 -1.46E-01 -1.13E+00
Colon cancer 2B90 Colon tissue 5.39E-05 -5.40E-02 -2.65E-01
Coronary artery disease BA80-BA8Z Peripheral blood 8.21E-01 -3.72E-02 -1.96E-01
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 2A81 Tonsil tissue 7.88E-01 -1.28E-01 -5.96E-01
Endometriosis GA10 Endometrium tissue 3.63E-01 8.24E-02 3.98E-01
Familial hypercholesterolemia 5C80.00 Peripheral blood 1.10E-01 -5.43E-02 -3.00E-01
Familial hypercholesterolemia 5C80.00 Whole blood 5.05E-04 -1.51E-01 -8.87E-01
Gastric cancer 2B72 Gastric tissue 1.16E-01 -1.10E-01 -1.38E+00
Glioblastopma 2A00.00 Nervous tissue 1.16E-22 -1.26E-01 -5.93E-01
Glioma 2A00.0Y-2A00.0Z Brain stem tissue 5.73E-01 -1.42E-01 -5.35E-01
Glioma 2A00.0Y-2A00.0Z White matter tissue 2.09E-09 -9.49E-01 -8.32E+00
Head and neck cancer 2D42 Head and neck tissue 1.14E-01 -7.61E-02 -3.24E-01
HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment 8A2Y-8A2Z White matter tissue 1.56E-01 -6.08E-02 -4.60E-01
Huntington's disease 8A01.10 Whole blood 1.19E-01 1.42E-01 7.09E-01
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis CB03.4 Lung tissue 2.89E-01 -1.95E-01 -9.15E-01
Immunodeficiency 4A00-4A20 Peripheral blood 5.53E-01 3.38E-02 2.92E-01
Influenza 1E30 Whole blood 7.29E-04 4.43E-01 1.04E+01
Interstitial cystitis GC00.3 Bladder tissue 2.22E-01 6.96E-02 1.92E+00
Intracranial aneurysm 8B01.0 Intracranial artery 1.54E-01 8.93E-02 4.64E-01
Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Rectal colon tissue 8.20E-01 -1.63E-03 -1.13E-02
Ischemic stroke 8B11 Peripheral blood 2.41E-01 6.24E-02 6.02E-01
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis FA24 Peripheral blood 6.87E-01 -3.81E-02 -1.61E-01
Lateral sclerosis 8B60.4 Skin 3.40E-01 1.04E-01 7.11E-01
Lateral sclerosis 8B60.4 Cervical spinal cord 7.43E-01 2.19E-03 1.72E-02
Liver cancer 2C12.0 Liver tissue 2.63E-04 -2.52E-01 -6.62E-01
Liver failure DB99.7-DB99.8 Liver tissue 5.60E-02 -2.52E-01 -1.10E+00
Lung cancer 2C25 Lung tissue 1.76E-04 -4.73E-02 -2.39E-01
Lupus erythematosus 4A40 Whole blood 9.24E-03 -3.04E-01 -6.23E-01
Major depressive disorder 6A70-6A7Z Hippocampus 5.64E-01 2.36E-02 1.75E-01
Major depressive disorder 6A70-6A7Z Whole blood 2.65E-01 4.83E-03 2.84E-02
Melanoma 2C30 Skin 9.64E-02 -1.20E-01 -3.11E-01
Multiple myeloma 2A83.1 Peripheral blood 5.28E-01 -3.69E-02 -1.61E-01
Multiple myeloma 2A83.1 Bone marrow 9.35E-01 -5.39E-03 -5.20E-02
Multiple sclerosis 8A40 Plasmacytoid dendritic cells 7.95E-01 -7.47E-02 -2.45E-01
Myelodysplastic syndrome 2A36-2A3Z Bone marrow 4.26E-01 5.09E-02 2.01E-01
Myelofibrosis 2A20.2 Whole blood 3.41E-01 -1.92E-02 -2.46E-01
Myocardial infarction BA41-BA50 Peripheral blood 2.19E-02 3.12E-01 8.06E-01
Myopathy 8C70.6 Muscle tissue 2.32E-03 -2.71E-01 -1.58E+00
Neonatal sepsis KA60 Whole blood 7.68E-02 -7.62E-02 -2.41E-01
Neuroectodermal tumour 2A00.11 Brain stem tissue 3.34E-01 -2.49E-01 -7.53E-01
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease DB92 Liver tissue 9.95E-01 -1.11E-01 -5.80E-01
Obesity related type 2 diabetes 5A11 Omental adipose tissue 8.74E-02 2.10E-01 1.13E+00
Olive pollen allergy CA08.00 Peripheral blood 9.85E-01 -6.08E-02 -2.34E-01
Oral cancer 2B6E Oral tissue 4.10E-11 -3.94E-01 -1.97E+00
Osteoarthritis FA00-FA0Z Synovial tissue 2.41E-01 -1.97E-01 -7.83E-01
Osteoporosis FB83.1 Bone marrow 7.53E-04 4.13E-01 3.30E+00
Ovarian cancer 2C73 Ovarian tissue 1.02E-01 -3.26E-02 -1.33E-01
Pancreatic cancer 2C10 Pancreas 6.44E-02 -1.56E-01 -4.37E-01
Parkinson's disease 8A00.0 Substantia nigra tissue 8.70E-01 2.98E-02 1.22E-01
Pediatric respiratory syncytial virus infection CA40.11 Peripheral blood 9.24E-04 -1.83E-01 -1.21E+00
Pituitary cancer 2D12 Pituitary tissue 4.79E-02 2.40E-01 6.54E-01
Pituitary gonadotrope tumour 2D12 Pituitary tissue 4.16E-02 1.69E-01 7.14E-01
Polycystic ovary syndrome 5A80.1 Vastus lateralis muscle 4.22E-01 -3.99E-02 -1.53E-01
Polycythemia vera 2A20.4 Whole blood 2.22E-02 -2.51E-02 -2.94E-01
Pompe disease 5C51.3 Biceps muscle 8.18E-01 -3.78E-02 -2.13E-01
Preterm birth KA21.4Z Myometrium 5.79E-01 -1.18E-01 -8.68E-01
Prostate cancer 2C82 Prostate 8.66E-01 -1.19E-01 -3.65E-01
Psoriasis EA90 Skin 7.74E-01 -3.86E-02 -1.04E-01
Rectal cancer 2B92 Rectal colon tissue 4.98E-01 1.97E-02 2.59E-01
Renal cancer 2C90-2C91 Kidney 8.59E-01 -4.51E-02 -1.36E-01
Retinoblastoma 2D02.2 Uvea 3.21E-06 -4.93E-01 -6.09E+00
Rheumatoid arthritis FA20 Synovial tissue 1.61E-03 -6.79E-01 -2.18E+00
Rhinovirus infection CA42.1 Nasal epithelium tissue 6.00E-01 -7.71E-03 -5.19E-02
Schizophrenia 6A20 Prefrontal cortex 2.59E-01 6.29E-02 3.14E-01
Schizophrenia 6A20 Superior temporal cortex 4.84E-01 -8.38E-02 -8.46E-01
Scleroderma 4A42.Z Whole blood 8.28E-02 8.85E-02 8.03E-01
Seizure 8A60-8A6Z Whole blood 7.32E-01 7.56E-02 4.21E-01
Sensitive skin EK0Z Skin 7.28E-02 7.52E-02 6.09E-01
Sepsis with septic shock 1G41 Whole blood 9.79E-01 7.87E-02 2.63E-01
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome 3A70.0 Bone marrow 2.13E-01 4.85E-01 1.58E+00
Sickle cell disease 3A51.0-3A51.3 Peripheral blood 2.28E-01 2.43E-01 7.45E-01
Simpson golabi behmel syndrome LD2C Adipose tissue 7.86E-01 -5.48E-02 -4.55E-01
Sjogren's syndrome 4A43.2 Salivary gland tissue 8.44E-02 -5.80E-01 -1.74E+00
Skin cancer 2C30-2C3Z Skin 5.37E-01 -3.80E-02 -1.16E-01
Thrombocythemia 3B63 Whole blood 6.76E-03 -1.19E-01 -1.54E+00
Thrombocytopenia 3B64 Whole blood 5.86E-01 3.72E-01 8.87E-01
Thyroid cancer 2D10 Thyroid 3.46E-07 2.36E-01 7.25E-01
Tibial muscular dystrophy 8C75 Muscle tissue 7.51E-09 -6.44E-01 -3.30E+00
Tuberous sclerosis complex LD2D.2 Perituberal tissue 1.79E-01 8.11E-02 1.23E+00
Type 2 diabetes 5A11 Liver tissue 7.04E-01 -2.88E-01 -5.42E-01
Ureter cancer 2C92 Urothelium 5.68E-01 -3.39E-02 -1.30E-01
Uterine cancer 2C78 Endometrium tissue 3.27E-02 -6.33E-02 -2.52E-01
Vitiligo ED63.0 Skin 4.77E-01 -2.23E-02 -1.96E-01
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
⏷ Show the Full List of DME Expression Under 107 Diseases

The Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT) Role of This DME

DME DTT Name Debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6) DTT Info
DME DTT Type Successful
1 Approved Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Glutethimide DMGE0CW Insomnia 7A00-7A0Z Approved [1]
1 Clinical Trial Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
ISOQUINE DMR17YI Malaria 1F40-1F45 Phase 1 [2]
45 Investigative Drug(s) Targeting This DTT
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)(propan-2-yl)amine DMCHJL1 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [3]
(5-(pyridin-3-yl)furan-2-yl)methanamine DMTC5VF Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [4]
(5-phenylfuran-2-yl)methanamine DMORD8S Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [4]
(5-pyridin-3-yl-furan-2-yl)methanethiol DMKC2BE Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [4]
1,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one DMPOAB7 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [5]
1-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-6-(METHOXYMETHYL)-3-AZABICYCLO[4.1.0]HEPTANE (ENANTIOMERIC MIX) DMYZ548 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [6]
1-(4-Butoxy-phenyl)-1H-imidazole DMOEGZV Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [7]
1-(METHOXYMETHYL)-6-(NAPHTHALEN-2-YL)-3-AZABICYCLO[4.1.0]HEPTANE (ENANTIOMERIC MIX) DMI479T Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [6]
1H-1,2,3-benzotriazol-1-amine DM9KAI5 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [8]
2-(2-(4-tert-Butylphenylthio)ethyl)-1H-imidazole DMZVBPG Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [9]
2-(4-Imidazol-1-yl-phenoxymethyl)-pyridine DMUIVS9 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [7]
2-Fluoro-4-[5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-2-thienyl]phenol DMUGAT8 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [10]
2-Hexyloxy-5-imidazol-1-yl-pyridine DMKORTS Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [7]
2-[3-(4-Imidazol-1-yl-phenoxy)-propyl]-pyridine DM8A3NI Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [7]
3-(6-Methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)pyridin-4-amine DMN75RD Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [11]
3-[3-(4-Imidazol-1-yl-phenoxy)-propyl]-pyridine DMTLJMF Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [7]
4-(3-Pent-1-ynyl-benzyl)-1H-imidazole DMEYV1B Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [12]
4-(3-Phenylethynyl-benzyl)-1H-imidazole DMS4JVT Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [12]
4-(Spiro[chromene-2,4'-piperidine]-4-yl)benzamide DM0XDG6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [13]
4-methylaminomethyl-7-methoxycoumarin DMI1L6Q Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [14]
4-[2-(4-Imidazol-1-yl-phenoxy)-ethyl]-morpholine DM9UGO0 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [7]
4-[3-(4-Imidazol-1-yl-phenoxy)-propyl]-pyridine DM7LV5A Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [7]
4-[5-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-thienyl)-2-methyl]phenol DMK4ICB Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [10]
4-[5-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-thienyl]-2-methylphenol DM7ERYJ Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [10]
6-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-1-[1-(METHYLOXY)-3-BUTEN-1-YL]-3-AZABICYCLO[4.1.0]HEPTANE (DIASTEREOMERIC MIX) DMZHFWX Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [6]
Bis-(5-pyridin-3-yl-thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-amine DMQ98H5 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [15]
BMS-694153 DM8PA3U Migraine 8A80 Investigative [16]
BS 7581 DM1VF6H Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [17]
BS 7840 DMDYNBT Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [17]
BS 9106 DMQ2FDA Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [17]
Desethyl isoquine DM47JFS Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [2]
DIHYDROCUBEBIN DMZL7R6 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [18]
GB-12819 DM7B5HA Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [17]
GBR 12530 DMPOML4 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [17]
GBR-12289 DM2CUNP Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [17]
GNF-PF-2094 DM9J35R Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [19]
GNF-PF-4292 DMXWYMH Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [20]
GNF-PF-5411 DMZNAEQ Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [20]
Go-Y022 DMZNUAD Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [5]
ICI-199441 DMEWZ80 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [21]
Kaempferol-3-O-methyl ether DMBG7X1 Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [22]
Methyl-(5-pyridin-3-yl-thiophen-2-yl)-amine DMQU9VD Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [15]
ML-3163 DM3S5UC Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [23]
Prodipine DMGIF1L Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [20]
SB-210313 DM5EWQN Discovery agent N.A. Investigative [24]
⏷ Show the Full List of 45 Investigative Drug(s)

References

1 A study of the effects of large doses of glutethimide that were used for self-poisoning during pregnancy on human fetuses. Toxicol Ind Health. 2008 Feb-Mar;24(1-2):69-78.
2 Candidate selection and preclinical evaluation of N-tert-butyl isoquine (GSK369796), an affordable and effective 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial for ... J Med Chem. 2009 Mar 12;52(5):1408-15.
3 A 3D-QSAR model for CYP2D6 inhibition in the aryloxypropanolamine series. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Sep 1;15(17):3816-20.
4 Synthetic inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 2A6: inhibitory activity, difference spectra, mechanism of inhibition, and protein cocrystallization. J Med Chem. 2006 Nov 30;49(24):6987-7001.
5 Structure-activity relationships for the inhibition of recombinant human cytochromes P450 by curcumin analogues. Eur J Med Chem. 2008 Aug;43(8):1621-31.
6 6-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-[(methyloxy)methyl]-3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane: a new potent and selective triple reuptake inhibitor. J Med Chem. 2010 Jul 8;53(13):4989-5001.
7 Imidazole derivatives as new potent and selective 20-HETE synthase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Jan 19;14(2):333-6.
8 Discovery of a N'-hydroxyphenylformamidine derivative HET0016 as a potent and selective 20-HETE synthase inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2001 Dec 3;11(23):2993-5.
9 Role of hydrophobic substituents on the terminal nitrogen of histamine in receptor binding and agonist activity: development of an orally active hi... J Med Chem. 2010 May 13;53(9):3840-4.
10 New insights into the SAR and binding modes of bis(hydroxyphenyl)thiophenes and -benzenes: influence of additional substituents on 17beta-hydroxyst... J Med Chem. 2009 Nov 12;52(21):6724-43.
11 Overcoming undesirable CYP1A2 inhibition of pyridylnaphthalene-type aldosterone synthase inhibitors: influence of heteroaryl derivatization on pote... J Med Chem. 2008 Aug 28;51(16):5064-74.
12 4-benzyl-1H-imidazoles with oxazoline termini as histamine H3 receptor agonists. J Med Chem. 2008 May 22;51(10):2944-53.
13 Spirocyclic delta opioid receptor agonists for the treatment of pain: discovery of N,N-diethyl-3-hydroxy-4-(spiro[chromene-2,4'-piperidine]-4-yl) b... J Med Chem. 2009 Sep 24;52(18):5685-702.
14 Exploration of the amine terminus in a novel series of 1,2,4-triazolo-3-yl-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes as selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonists. J Med Chem. 2010 Oct 14;53(19):7129-39.
15 5-substituted, 6-substituted, and unsubstituted 3-heteroaromatic pyridine analogues of nicotine as selective inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 2A6. J Med Chem. 2005 Jan 13;48(1):224-39.
16 Discovery of (R)-4-(8-fluoro-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)-N-(3-(7-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-1-oxo-1-(4-(piperidin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)propan... J Med Chem. 2008 Aug 28;51(16):4858-61.
17 Catalytic site prediction and virtual screening of cytochrome P450 2D6 substrates by consideration of water and rescoring in automated docking. J Med Chem. 2006 Apr 20;49(8):2417-30.
18 Potent CYP3A4 inhibitory constituents of Piper cubeba. J Nat Prod. 2005 Jan;68(1):64-8.
19 Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of novel 2,4-diaminopyrimidines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Jan 1;20(1):228-31.
20 Development of a pharmacophore for inhibition of human liver cytochrome P-450 2D6: molecular modeling and inhibition studies. J Med Chem. 1993 Apr 30;36(9):1136-45.
21 Arylacetamide kappa opioid receptor agonists with reduced cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 May 16;15(10):2647-52.
22 Sesquiterpenes and flavonol glycosides from Zingiber aromaticum and their CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 inhibitory activities. J Nat Prod. 2004 Jul;67(7):1079-83.
23 Novel substituted pyridinyl imidazoles as potent anticytokine agents with low activity against hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes. J Med Chem. 2003 Jul 17;46(15):3230-44.
24 Pyrimidinylimidazole inhibitors of CSBP/p38 kinase demonstrating decreased inhibition of hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1998 Nov 17;8(22):3111-6.
25 Application of substrate depletion assay to evaluation of CYP isoforms responsible for stereoselective metabolism of carvedilol. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2016 Dec;31(6):425-432.
26 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
27 Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
28 Clinical pharmacokinetics of almotriptan, a serotonin 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist for the treatment of migraine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(3):237-46.
29 An update on the clinical pharmacology of the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor alogliptin used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2015 Dec;42(12):1225-38.
30 Potentially significant drug interactions of class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Drug Saf. 2003;26(6):421-38.
31 Bioactivation of the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline and its metabolite nortriptyline to arene oxide intermediates in human liver microsomes and recombinant P450s. Chem Biol Interact. 2008 May 9;173(1):59-67.
32 Addition of amoxapine improves positive and negative symptoms in a patient with schizophrenia. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2013 Dec;3(6):340-2.
33 Involvement of CYP2D6 in the in vitro metabolism of amphetamine, two N-alkylamphetamines and their 4-methoxylated derivatives. Xenobiotica. 1999 Jul;29(7):719-32.
34 Amprenavir: a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor. Clin Ther. 2000 May;22(5):549-72.
35 Phase I pharmacokinetic study of the novel antitumor agent SR233377. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 Aug;6(8):3088-94.
36 Nonlinear mixed effects model analysis of the pharmacokinetics of routinely administered bepridil in Japanese patients with arrhythmias. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Mar;29(3):517-21.
37 A comparison of the expression and metabolizing activities of phase I and II enzymes in freshly isolated human lung parenchymal cells and cryopreserved human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1797-805.
38 Aripiprazole: a review of its use in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Drugs. 2004;64(15):1715-36.
39 The contribution of the enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 in the demethylation of artemether in healthy subjects. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 1998 Jul-Sep;23(3):429-36.
40 Asenapine review, part I: chemistry, receptor affinity profile, pharmacokinetics and metabolism. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Jun;10(6):893-903.
41 Atomoxetine: a review of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics relative to drug disposition. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2016 May;26(4):314-26.
42 Inhibitory effects of azelastine and its metabolites on drug oxidation catalyzed by human cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Jul;27(7):792-7.
43 Transport, metabolism, and in vivo population pharmacokinetics of the chloro benztropine analogs, a class of compounds extensively evaluated in animal models of drug abuse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jan;320(1):344-53.
44 Mechanism of cytochrome P4503A4- and 2D6-catalyzed dehydrogenation of ezlopitant as probed with isotope effects using five deuterated analogs. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Dec;29(12):1599-607.
45 Serum flecainide S/R ratio reflects the CYP2D6 genotype and changes in CYP2D6 activity. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2015 Aug;30(4):257-62.
46 Association of CYP2D6 and ADRB1 genes with hypotensive and antichronotropic action of betaxolol in patients with arterial hypertension. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Aug;21(4):437-43.
47 Drug-drug interactions of beta-adrenoceptor blockers. Arzneimittelforschung. 2003;53(12):814-22.
48 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
49 DMW/ISSX 2000 Meeting. The Drug Metabolism Workshop/International Society for the Study of Xenobiotics. St. Andrews, Scotland, June 11-16, 2000. Abstracts. Drug Metab Rev. 2000;32 Suppl 1:1-136.
50 Oxidative metabolism of bupivacaine into pipecolylxylidine in humans is mainly catalyzed by CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Apr;28(4):383-5.
51 Effect of nonspecific binding to microsomes and metabolic elimination of buprenorphine on the inhibition of cytochrome P4502D6. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Feb;28(2):212-6.
52 In vitro to in vivo extrapolation of the complex drug-drug interaction of bupropion and its metabolites with CYP2D6; simultaneous reversible inhibition and CYP2D6 downregulation. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017 Jan 1;123:85-96.
53 Cytochrome P450 3A-mediated metabolism of buspirone in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr;33(4):500-7.
54 Determinants of interindividual variability and extent of CYP2D6 and CYP1A2 inhibition by paroxetine and fluvoxamine in vivo. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998 Jun;18(3):198-207.
55 Exogenous cannabinoids as substrates, inhibitors, and inducers of human drug metabolizing enzymes: a systematic review. Drug Metab Rev. 2014 Feb;46(1):86-95.
56 Metabolism of capsaicin by cytochrome P450 produces novel dehydrogenated metabolites and decreases cytotoxicity to lung and liver cells. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Mar;16(3):336-49.
57 Cariprazine: chemistry, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism, clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2013 Feb;9(2):193-206.
58 Involvement of CYP2D1 in the metabolism of carteolol by male rat liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 1997 Nov;27(11):1121-9.
59 Celecoxib is a substrate of CYP2D6: impact on celecoxib metabolism in individuals with CYP2C9*3 variants. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2018 Oct;33(5):219-227.
60 Population pharmacokinetic analysis of mirtazapine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Sep;60(7):473-80.
61 Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the novel muscarinic receptor agonist SNI-2011 in rats and dogs. Arzneimittelforschung. 2003;53(1):26-33.
62 Halofantrine and chloroquine inhibit CYP2D6 activity in healthy Zambians. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1998 Mar;45(3):315-7.
63 The roles of CYP2D6 and stereoselectivity in the clinical pharmacokinetics of chlorpheniramine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 May;53(5):519-25.
64 Use of antidepressant drugs in schizophrenic patients with depression. Encephale. 2006 Mar-Apr;32(2 Pt 1):263-9.
65 Prediction of human liver microsomal oxidations of 7-ethoxycoumarin and chlorzoxazone with kinetic parameters of recombinant cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Nov;27(11):1274-80.
66 Identification of enzymes involved in phase I metabolism of ciclesonide by human liver microsomes. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2005 Oct-Dec;30(4):275-86.
67 Effects of CYP3A inhibition on the metabolism of cilostazol. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1999;37 Suppl 2:61-8.
68 Clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of cinacalcet hydrochloride. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2009;48(5):303-11.
69 Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1996 Dec;31(6):444-69.
70 Human cytochrome p450 induction and inhibition potential of clevidipine and its primary metabolite h152/81. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 May;34(5):734-7.
71 Oxidative metabolism of flunarizine and cinnarizine by microsomes from B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Biol Pharm Bull. 1996 Nov;19(11):1511-4.
72 CYP2D6 is primarily responsible for the metabolism of clomiphene. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2008;23(2):101-5.
73 CYP2D6 mediates 4-hydroxylation of clonidine in vitro: implication for pregnancy-induced changes in clonidine clearance. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Sep;38(9):1393-6.
74 Effect of antipsychotic drugs on human liver cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isoforms in vitro: preferential inhibition of CYP2D6. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Sep;27(9):1078-84.
75 Cobicistat versus ritonavir boosting and differences in the drug-drug interaction profiles with co-medications. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016 Jul;71(7):1755-8.
76 Neuronal cytochrome P450IID1 (debrisoquine/sparteine-type): potent inhibition of activity by (-)-cocaine and nucleotide sequence identity to human hepatic P450 gene CYP2D6. Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Jul;40(1):63-8.
77 Polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 2D6 and its clinical significance: Part I. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2009;48(11):689-723.
78 Identification of human liver cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the in vitro metabolism of cyclobenzaprine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Jul;24(7):786-91.
79 Phase 1 study to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of dacomitinib in healthy adult Chinese subjects genotyped for CYP2D6. Xenobiotica. 2018 May;48(5):459-466.
80 Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dapagliflozin, a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2014 Jan;53(1):17-27.
81 The clinical pharmacokinetics of darifenacin. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2006;45(4):325-50.
82 Functional analysis of CYP2D6.31 variant: homology modeling suggests possible disruption of redox partner interaction by Arg440His substitution. Proteins. 2005 May 1;59(2):339-46.
83 Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 isoforms by nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Jan;41(1):85-91.
84 Dose-dependent inhibition of CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 by citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine and paroxetine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1996;51(1):73-8.
85 Effect of the CYP2D6*10 genotype on venlafaxine pharmacokinetics in healthy adult volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Apr;47(4):450-3.
86 FDA Label of Deutetrabenazine. The 2020 official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
87 Different effects of inhibitors on the O- and N-demethylation of codeine in human liver microsomes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1997;52(1):41-7.
88 Drug interactions with calcium channel blockers: possible involvement of metabolite-intermediate complexation with CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Feb;28(2):125-30.
89 Identification of human cytochrome p450 isozymes involved in diphenhydramine N-demethylation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Jan;35(1):72-8.
90 Reappraisal of the role of dolasetron in prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with surgery or chemotherapy. Cancer Manag Res. 2012;4:67-73.
91 Characterization of human cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing domperidone N-dealkylation and hydroxylation in vitro. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Sep;58(3):277-87.
92 Donepezil plasma concentrations, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 phenotypes, and cognitive outcome in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Jun;72(6):711-7.
93 Pharmacogenetics of schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet. 2000 Spring;97(1):98-106.
94 Priapism induced by boceprevir-CYP3A4 inhibition and alpha-adrenergic blockade: case report. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jan;58(1):e35-8.
95 Doxepin inhibits CYP2D6 activity in vivo. Pol J Pharmacol. 2004 Jul-Aug;56(4):491-4.
96 Inhibitory effects of anticancer drugs on dextromethorphan-O-demethylase activity in human liver microsomes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1993;32(6):491-5.
97 Effect of dronedarone on the pharmacokinetics of carvedilol following oral administration to rats. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2018 Jan 1;111:13-19.
98 Duloxetine: clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2011 May;50(5):281-94.
99 Eletriptan metabolism by human hepatic CYP450 enzymes and transport by human P-glycoprotein. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Jul;31(7):861-9.
100 Eliglustat: first global approval. Drugs. 2014 Oct;74(15):1829-36.
101 Metabolism of ipecac alkaloids cephaeline and emetine by human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450s, and their inhibitory effects on P450 enzyme activities. Biol Pharm Bull. 2001 Jun;24(6):678-82.
102 Metabolism of epinastine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, in human liver microsomes in comparison with that of terfenadine. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 1997 Dec;98(3):273-92.
103 Clinical pharmacokinetics of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Cancer Treat Rev. 2009 Dec;35(8):692-706.
104 CYP2D6 P34S Polymorphism and Outcomes of Escitalopram Treatment in Koreans with Major Depression. Psychiatry Investig. 2013 Sep;10(3):286-93.
105 Effects of the moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor, fluconazole, on the pharmacokinetics of fesoterodine in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Aug;72(2):263-9.
106 Fexinidazole--a new oral nitroimidazole drug candidate entering clinical development for the treatment of sleeping sickness. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010 Dec 21;4(12):e923.
107 Flecainide: current status and perspectives in arrhythmia management. World J Cardiol. 2015 Feb 26;7(2):76-85.
108 (R)-, (S)-, and racemic fluoxetine N-demethylation by human cytochrome P450 enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Oct;28(10):1187-91.
109 Clinical pharmacokinetics of fluvastatin. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2001;40(4):263-81.
110 The potent mechanism-based inactivation of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 with fusidic acid in in vivo bioaccumulation. Xenobiotica. 2018 Oct;48(10):999-1005.
111 Clinical pharmacokinetics of galantamine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42(15):1383-92.
112 Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of gefitinib with rifampicin, itraconazole and metoprolol. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(10):1067-81.
113 Metabolism of the newest antidepressants: comparisons with related predecessors. IDrugs. 2004 Feb;7(2):143-50.
114 Granisetron: new insights into its use for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2003 Sep;4(9):1563-71.
115 The effect of CYP2D6 drug-drug interactions on hydrocodone effectiveness. Acad Emerg Med. 2014 Aug;21(8):879-85.
116 Engineering of cytochrome P450 3A4 for enhanced peroxide-mediated substrate oxidation using directed evolution and site-directed mutagenesis. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Dec;34(12):1958-65.
117 Effect of cytochrome P450 2D1 inhibition on hydrocodone metabolism and its behavioral consequences in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Mar;280(3):1374-82.
118 Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of oral 14C radiolabeled ibrutinib: an open-label, phase I, single-dose study in healthy men. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Feb;43(2):289-97.
119 In vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450-mediated drug interactions between cytarabine, idarubicin, itraconazole and caspofungin. Hematology. 2004 Jun;9(3):217-21.
120 Influences of CYP2D6*10 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of iloperidone and its metabolites in Chinese patients with schizophrenia: a population pharmacokinetic analysis. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2016 Nov;37(11):1499-1508.
121 QTc prolongation associated with combination therapy of levofloxacin, imipramine, and fluoxetine. Ann Pharmacother. 2005 Mar;39(3):543-6.
122 The combination of umeclidinium bromide and vilanterol in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current evidence and future prospects. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2013 Dec;7(6):311-9.
123 Inhibition of desipramine hydroxylation (Cytochrome P450-2D6) in vitro by quinidine and by viral protease inhibitors: relation to drug interactions in vivo. J Pharm Sci. 1998 Oct;87(10):1184-9.
124 Medical Toxicology of Drug Abuse: Synthesized Chemicals and Psychoactive Plants. doi: 10.1002/9781118105955.ch13
125 Effects of rifampin on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of istradefylline in healthy subjects. J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Feb;58(2):193-201.
126 Comparison of verapamil, diltiazem, and labetalol on the bioavailability and metabolism of imipramine. J Clin Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;32(2):176-83.
127 Multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes responsible for the oxidative metabolism of the substituted (S)-3-phenylpiperidine, (S,S)-3-[3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-propylpiperidine hydrochloride, in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2002 Dec;30(12):1372-7.
128 Influence of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme in patients treated with venlafaxine for major depressive disorder: clinical and economic consequences. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 4;9(11):e90453.
129 Involvement of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in lidocaine N-deethylation and 3-hydroxylation in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Aug;28(8):959-65.
130 Preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacology and toxicology of lisdexamfetamine: a novel d-amphetamine pro-drug. Neuropharmacology. 2014 Dec;87:41-50.
131 Stable expression of human cytochrome P450 3A4 in V79 cells and its application for metabolic profiling of ergot derivatives. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Oct 6;293(3):183-90.
132 Advisory committee lofexidine hydrochloride (lucemyratm) briefing document.
133 Identification of cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the metabolism of loperamide in human liver microsomes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Oct;60(8):575-81.
134 In vitro characterization of the inhibition profile of loratadine, desloratadine, and 3-OH-desloratadine for five human cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Sep;29(9):1173-5.
135 Identification of human cytochrome P450 and flavin-containing monooxygenase enzymes involved in the metabolism of lorcaserin, a novel selective human 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C agonist. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 Apr;40(4):761-71.
136 In vitro identification of the human cytochrome p450 enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of loxapine. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2011 Oct;32(7):398-407.
137 Is therapeutic drug monitoring a case for optimizing clinical outcome and avoiding interactions of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors? Ther Drug Monit. 2000 Apr;22(2):143-54.
138 Cytochrome P450 enzymes contributing to demethylation of maprotiline in man. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2002 Mar;90(3):144-9.
139 Meclizine metabolism and pharmacokinetics: formulation on its absorption. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Sep;52(9):1343-9.
140 CYP2B6, CYP3A4, and CYP2C19 are responsible for the in vitro N-demethylation of meperidine in human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Sep;32(9):930-6.
141 Ethnic differences in genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP3As and MDR1/ABCB1. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2004 Apr;19(2):83-95.
142 Oxidation of histamine H1 antagonist mequitazine is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 2D6 in human liver microsomes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Feb;284(2):437-42.
143 Thioridazine steady-state plasma concentrations are influenced by tobacco smoking and CYP2D6, but not by the CYP2C9 genotype. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 May;59(1):45-50.
144 Methadone metabolism and drug-drug interactions: in vitro and in vivo literature review. J Pharm Sci. 2018 Dec;107(12):2983-2991.
145 Cytochrome P450 2D6.1 and cytochrome P450 2D6.10 differ in catalytic activity for multiple substrates. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Aug;11(6):477-87.
146 Identification of cytochrome P450 2E1 as the predominant enzyme catalyzing human liver microsomal defluorination of sevoflurane, isoflurane, and methoxyflurane. Anesthesiology. 1993 Oct;79(4):795-807.
147 Lack of interaction between amiodarone and mexiletine in cardiac arrhythmia patients. J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Mar;42(3):342-6.
148 Drugs and steatohepatitis. Semin Liver Dis. 2002;22(2):185-94.
149 Metoclopramide is metabolized by CYP2D6 and is a reversible inhibitor, but not inactivator, of CYP2D6. Xenobiotica. 2014 Apr;44(4):309-319.
150 The impact of CYP2D6 mediated drug-drug interaction: a systematic review on a combination of metoprolol and paroxetine/fluoxetine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Dec;84(12):2704-2715.
151 Impact of CYP2D6*10 on mexiletine pharmacokinetics in healthy adult volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;59(5-6):395-9.
152 Assessment of CYP2D6 activity as a form of optimizing antidepressant therapy. Psychiatr Pol. 2004 Nov-Dec;38(6):1093-104.
153 Akathisia with combined use of midodrine and promethazine. JAMA. 2006 May 3;295(17):2000-1. Letter
154 Comparative molecular field analysis and QSAR on substrates binding to cytochrome p450 2D6. Bioorg Med Chem. 2003 Dec 1;11(24):5545-54.
155 Role of cytochrome p450 isoenzymes 3A and 2D6 in the in vivo metabolism of mirabegron, a beta-3-adrenoceptor agonist. Clin Drug Investig. 2013 Jun;33(6):429-40.
156 A review of the pharmacological and clinical profile of mirtazapine. CNS Drug Rev. 2001 Fall;7(3):249-64.
157 Moclobemide, a substrate of CYP2C19 and an inhibitor of CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP1A2: a panel study. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1995 Jun;57(6):670-7.
158 Activation of G-proteins by morphine and codeine congeners: insights to the relevance of O- and N-demethylated metabolites at mu- and delta-opioid receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Feb;308(2):547-54.
159 Influence of CYP2C9 and CYP2D6 polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of nateglinide in genotyped healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2004;43(4):267-78.
160 Nebivolol: a review of its clinical and pharmacological characteristics. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Aug;44(8):344-57.
161 Nefazodone, meta-chlorophenylpiperazine, and their metabolites in vitro: cytochromes mediating transformation, and P450-3A4 inhibitory actions. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 Jul;145(1):113-22.
162 Characterization of the in vitro biotransformation of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor nevirapine by human hepatic cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Dec;27(12):1488-95.
163 Inhibitory effects of nicardipine to cytochrome P450 (CYP) in human liver microsomes. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 May;28(5):882-5.
164 Involvement of CYP2D6 but not CYP2C19 in nicergoline metabolism in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1996 Dec;42(6):707-11.
165 Roles of CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in nicotine C-oxidation by human liver microsomes. Arch Toxicol. 1999 Mar;73(2):65-70.
166 Molecular basis of polymorphic drug metabolism. J Mol Med (Berl). 1995 Nov;73(11):539-53.
167 Nefazodone pharmacokinetics in depressed children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000 Aug;39(8):1008-16.
168 A study on CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 polymorphic effects on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of amitriptyline in healthy Koreans. Clin Transl Sci. 2017 Mar;10(2):93-101.
169 [Olanzapine: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 2001 Nov;69(11):510-7.
170 First clinical experience with TRV130: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Mar;54(3):351-7.
171 Cytochrome P450 2D6 metabolism and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonists for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Med Sci Monit. 2005 Oct;11(10):RA322-8.
172 Brexpiprazole: first global approval. Drugs. 2015 Sep;75(14):1687-97.
173 Inhibitory effects of antiparasitic drugs on cytochrome P450 2D6. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1995;48(1):35-8.
174 Identification of human P450 isoforms involved in the metabolism of the antiallergic drug, oxatomide, and its kinetic parameters and inhibition constants. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Feb;28(2):328-34.
175 Exposure to oral oxycodone is increased by concomitant inhibition of CYP2D6 and 3A4 pathways, but not by inhibition of CYP2D6 alone. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Jul;70(1):78-87.
176 Interpreting serum risperidone concentrations. Pharmacotherapy. 2005 Feb;25(2):299-302.
177 Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium (CPIC) guideline for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes and dosing of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Aug;98(2):127-34.
178 Pazopanib: the newest tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Drugs. 2011 Mar 5;71(4):443-54.
179 Identification of human cytochrome P(450)s that metabolise anti-parasitic drugs and predictions of in vivo drug hepatic clearance from in vitro data. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;59(5-6):429-42.
180 Cytochrome P-450 enzymes and FMO3 contribute to the disposition of the antipsychotic drug perazine in vitro. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000 Sep;151(4):312-20.
181 CYP2B6, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4 catalyze the primary oxidative metabolism of perhexiline enantiomers by human liver microsomes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Jan;35(1):128-38.
182 Steady-state pharmacokinetics of a new antipsychotic agent perospirone and its active metabolite, and its relationship with prolactin response. Ther Drug Monit. 2004 Aug;26(4):361-5.
183 The influence of the CYP3A4*22 polymorphism and CYP2D6 polymorphisms on serum concentrations of aripiprazole, haloperidol, pimozide, and risperidone in psychiatric patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2015 Jun;35(3):228-36.
184 Chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, and hepatic metabolism of designer drugs of the amphetamine (ecstasy), piperazine, and pyrrolidinophenone types: a synopsis. Ther Drug Monit. 2004 Apr;26(2):127-31.
185 Polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 2D6 and its clinical significance: part II. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2009;48(12):761-804.
186 Novel pathways of ponatinib disposition catalyzed by CYP1A1 involving generation of potentially toxic metabolites. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2017 Oct;363(1):12-19.
187 Involvement of CYP2D6 activity in the N-oxidation of procainamide in man. Pharmacogenetics. 1999 Dec;9(6):683-96.
188 Potential for drug interactions involving cytochromes P450 2D6 and 3A4 on general adult psychiatric and functional elderly psychiatric wards. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Apr;57(4):464-72.
189 Effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of endogenous neuroactive substances, progesterone and p-tyramine, catalyzed by CYP2D6. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23.
190 Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the oxidative metabolism of propafenone: in vitro studies using human liver microsomes. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2000 Aug;20(4):428-34.
191 Effects of propofol on human hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 activities. Xenobiotica. 1998 Sep;28(9):845-53.
192 Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82.
193 A liquid chromatographic-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometric method for quantitation of quetiapine in human plasma and liver microsomes: application to study in vitro metabolism. J Anal Toxicol. 2004 Sep;28(6):443-8.
194 Binding of quinidine radically increases the stability and decreases the flexibility of the cytochrome P450 2D6 active site. J Inorg Biochem. 2012 May;110:46-50.
195 Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6: structure-activity studies using a series of quinidine and quinine analogues. Chem Res Toxicol. 2003 Apr;16(4):450-9.
196 Oxidation of ranitidine by isozymes of flavin-containing monooxygenase and cytochrome P450. Jpn J Pharmacol. 2000 Oct;84(2):213-20.
197 Ranolazine: a contemporary review. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e003196.
198 A 28-day, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study of nebulized revefenacin in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res. 2017 Nov 2;18(1):182.
199 Xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochromes p450 in human white adipose tissue: expression and induction. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Apr;38(4):679-86.
200 Cytochrome P450 3A inhibitor itraconazole affects plasma concentrations of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone in schizophrenic patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Nov;78(5):520-8.
201 Reversible coma caused by risperidone-ritonavir interaction. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2002 Sep-Oct;25(5):251-3.
202 Inter- and intraindividual pharmacokinetic variations in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2005 Nov;45(11):895-8.
203 Some aspects of genetic polymorphism in the biotransformation of antidepressants. Therapie. 2004 Jan-Feb;59(1):5-12.
204 Genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 enzymes: effect on efficacy and tolerability of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2004;4(4):247-55.
205 Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of solifenacin. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2009;48(5):281-302.
206 Tafenoquine and its potential in the treatment and relapse prevention of Plasmodium vivax malaria: the evidence to date. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016 Jul 26;10:2387-99.
207 CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen metabolism: clinical relevance. Curr Oncol Rep. 2010 Jan;12(1):7-15.
208 Identification of cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in metabolism of the alpha1-adrenoceptor blocker tamsulosin in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 1998 Oct;28(10):909-22.
209 Investigations into the drug-drug interaction potential of tapentadol in human liver microsomes and fresh human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Lett. 2008 Jan;2(1):67-75.
210 In vitro metabolism of tegaserod in human liver and intestine: assessment of drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Oct;29(10):1269-76.
211 Role of tetrabenazine for Huntington's disease-associated chorea. Ann Pharmacother. 2010 Jun;44(6):1080-9.
212 Characterization of human cytochromes P450 involved in theophylline 8-hydroxylation. Biochem Pharmacol. 1995 Jul 17;50(2):205-11.
213 Effect of health foods on cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolism. J Pharm Health Care Sci. 2017 May 10;3:14.
214 Cardiac safety of ophthalmic timolol. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2016 Nov;15(11):1549-1561.
215 A phenotype-genotype approach to predicting CYP450 and P-glycoprotein drug interactions with the mixed inhibitor/inducer tipranavir/ritonavir. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Jun;87(6):735-42.
216 Identification of metabolic pathways involved in the biotransformation of tolperisone by human microsomal enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 May;31(5):631-6.
217 Effect of the CYP2D6*10 genotype on tolterodine pharmacokinetics. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010 Sep;38(9):1456-63.
218 In vitro characterization of the human biotransformation and CYP reaction phenotype of ET-743 (Yondelis, Trabectidin), a novel marine anti-cancer drug. Invest New Drugs. 2006 Jan;24(1):3-14.
219 Clinical pharmacology of tramadol. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2004;43(13):879-923.
220 Evaluating the role of drug metabolism and reactive intermediates in trazodone-induced cytotoxicity toward freshly-isolated rat hepatocytes. Drug Res (Stuttg). 2016 Nov;66(11):592-596.
221 FDA Label of Egaten. The 2020 official website of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
222 Galactorrhea during treatment with trimipramine. A case report. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2005 Nov;38(6):326-7.
223 Population pharmacokinetics of upadacitinib using the immediate-release and extended-release formulations in healthy subjects and subjects with rheumatoid arthritis: analyses of phase I-III clinical trials. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2019 Aug;58(8):1045-1058.
224 The associations between CYP2D6 metabolizer status and pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes of venlafaxine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2019 Sep;52(5):222-231.
225 Vilazodone HCl (Viibryd): A Serotonin Partial Agonist and Reuptake Inhibitor For the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder. P T. 2012 Jan;37(1):28-31.
226 Characterization of human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes involved in the metabolism of vinorelbine. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Oct;19(5):545-53.
227 In vitro metabolism of TAK-438, vonoprazan fumarate, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker. Xenobiotica. 2017 Dec;47(12):1027-1034.
228 Identification of the cytochrome P450 and other enzymes involved in the in vitro oxidative metabolism of a novel antidepressant, Lu AA21004. Drug Metab Dispos. 2012 Jul;40(7):1357-65.
229 Relationship of cytochrome P450 pharmacogenetics to the effects of yohimbine on gastrointestinal transit and catecholamines in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2008 Aug;20(8):891-9.
230 Protease inhibitors in patients with HIV disease. Clinically important pharmacokinetic considerations. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1997 Mar;32(3):194-209.
231 Effect of zolpidem on human cytochrome P450 activity, and on transport mediated by P-glycoprotein. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2002 Dec;23(9):361-7.
232 Identification of cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of zotepine, an antipsychotic drug, in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 1999 Mar;29(3):217-29.
233 Genotype and co-medication dependent CYP2D6 metabolic activity: effects on serum concentrations of aripiprazole, haloperidol, risperidone, paliperidone and zuclopenthixol. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Feb;72(2):175-84.
234 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450s and steroidogenic CYP17 to the N-demethylation of aminopyrine. Xenobiotica. 1999 Feb;29(2):187-93.
235 Stereoselective metabolism of cibenzoline, an antiarrhythmic drug, by human and rat liver microsomes: possible involvement of CYP2D and CYP3A. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Sep;28(9):1128-34.
236 Dapoxetine: a new option in the medical management of premature ejaculation. Ther Adv Urol. 2012 Oct;4(5):233-51.
237 The role of active metabolites in dihydrocodeine effects. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Mar;41(3):95-106.
238 Residual effects of esmirtazapine on actual driving performance: overall findings and an exploratory analysis into the role of CYP2D6 phenotype. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2011 May;215(2):321-32.
239 The metabolic profile of azimilide in man: in vivo and in vitro evaluations. J Pharm Sci. 2005 Sep;94(9):2084-95.
240 In vitro metabolism of the analgesic bicifadine in the mouse, rat, monkey, and human. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Dec;35(12):2232-41.
241 Interpretation of opiate urine drug screens.
242 An updated review of iclaprim: a potent and rapidly bactericidal antibiotic for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections and nosocomial pneumonia caused by gram-positive including multidrug-resistant bacteria. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2018 Jan 6;5(2):ofy003.
243 Evaluation of in vitro drug interactions with karenitecin, a novel, highly lipophilic camptothecin derivative in phase II clinical development. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;43(9):1008-14.
244 Idalopirdine as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2015;24(7):981-7.
245 Involvement of multiple cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes in the in vitro metabolism of muraglitazar. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Jan;35(1):139-49.
246 Tardive dyskinesia: placing vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors into clinical perspective. Expert Rev Neurother. 2018 Apr;18(4):323-332.
247 Effect of netupitant, a highly selective NK?receptor antagonist, on the pharmacokinetics of palonosetron and impact of the fixed dose combination of netupitant and palonosetron when coadministered with ketoconazole, rifampicin, and oral contraceptives. Support Care Cancer. 2013 Oct;21(10):2879-87.
248 Pharmacokinetics of novel atrial-selective antiarrhythmic agent vernakalant hydrochloride injection (RSD1235): influence of CYP2D6 expression and other factors. J Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Jan;49(1):17-29.
249 Novel binding mode of the acidic CYP2D6 substrates pactimibe and its metabolite R-125528. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Sep;36(9):1938-43.
250 Involvement of human cytochrome P450 2D6 in the bioactivation of acetaminophen. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Dec;28(12):1397-400.
251 Asunaprevir: a review of preclinical and clinical pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2015 Dec;54(12):1205-22.
252 In vitro metabolism of CP-122,721 ((2S,3S)-2-phenyl-3-[(5-trifluoromethoxy-2-methoxy)benzylamino]piperidine), a non-peptide antagonist of the substance P receptor. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2007 Oct;22(5):336-49.
253 In vitro metabolism of ferroquine (SSR97193) in animal and human hepatic models and antimalarial activity of major metabolites on Plasmodium falciparum. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Apr;34(4):667-82.
254 Cytochrome P450 2D catalyze steroid 21-hydroxylation in the brain. Endocrinology. 2004 Feb;145(2):699-705.
255 Disposition and metabolism of LY2603618, a Chk-1 inhibitor following intravenous administration in patients with advanced and/or metastatic solid tumors. Xenobiotica. 2014 Sep;44(9):827-41.
256 Pharmacokinetics of N-propylajmaline in relation to polymorphic sparteine oxidation. Klin Wochenschr. 1985 Nov 15;63(22):1180-6.
257 Cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolic pathway of the histamine 2 (H2)-receptor antagonist roxatidine acetate by human liver microsomes. Arzneimittelforschung. 2001;51(8):651-8.
258 Differential cytochrome P450 2D metabolism alters tafenoquine pharmacokinetics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Jul;59(7):3864-9.
259 Interspecies pharmacokinetics and in vitro metabolism of SQ109. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Mar;147(5):476-85.
260 Nonclinical pharmacokinetics and in vitro metabolism of H3B-6545, a novel selective ERalpha covalent antagonist (SERCA). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2019 Jan;83(1):151-160.
261 Metabolism and disposition of hepatitis C polymerase inhibitor dasabuvir in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2016 Aug;44(8):1139-47.
262 ITX 5061 quantitation in human plasma with reverse phase liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry detection. Antivir Ther. 2013;18(3):329-36.
263 Tricyclic antidepressant pharmacology and therapeutic drug interactions updated. Br J Pharmacol. 2007 Jul;151(6):737-48.
264 Evaluation of the transport, in vitro metabolism and pharmacokinetics of Salvinorin A, a potent hallucinogen. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2009 Jun;72(2):471-7.
265 Involvement of multiple human cytochromes P450 in the liver microsomal metabolism of astemizole and a comparison with terfenadine. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;51(2):133-42.
266 Metabolism of dexfenfluramine in human liver microsomes and by recombinant enzymes: role of CYP2D6 and 1A2. Pharmacogenetics. 1998 Oct;8(5):423-32.
267 Effects of the antifungal agents on oxidative drug metabolism: clinical relevance. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2000 Feb;38(2):111-80.
268 Human cytochromes P450 mediating phenacetin O-deethylation in vitro: validation of the high affinity component as an index of CYP1A2 activity. J Pharm Sci. 1998 Dec;87(12):1502-7.
269 Metabolic drug interactions with newer antipsychotics: a comparative review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007 Jan;100(1):4-22.
270 Identification of cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of 4'-methoxy-alpha-pyrrolidinopropiophenone (MOPPP), a designer drug, in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 2003 Oct;33(10):989-98.
271 Pharmacokinetics of sabeluzole and dextromethorphan oxidation capacity in patients with severe hepatic dysfunction and healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;51(2):164-8.
272 Dopamine formation from tyramine by CYP2D6. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Aug 28;249(3):838-43.
273 In vitro evaluation of potential in vivo probes for human flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO): metabolism of benzydamine and caffeine by FMO and P450 isoforms. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Oct;50(4):311-4.
274 Pharmacokinetic assessment of the sites of first-pass metabolism of BMS-181101, an antidepressant agent, in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1998 Mar;50(3):275-8.
275 Role of cytochrome P4502D6 in the metabolism of brofaromine. A new selective MAO-A inhibitor. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;45(3):265-9.
276 Metabolism of ezlopitant, a nonpeptidic substance P receptor antagonist, in liver microsomes: enzyme kinetics, cytochrome P450 isoform identity, and in vitro-in vivo correlation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2000 Sep;28(9):1069-76.
277 Proof of a 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine (mCPP) intake: use as adulterant of cocaine resulting in drug-drug interactions? J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2007 Aug 15;855(2):127-33.
278 Antidepressants: Past, Present and Future. Edited by Sheldon H. Preskorn Christina Y. Stanga John P. Feighner Ruth Ross. Page: 574.
279 N,N-diethyl-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy] ethanamine (DPPE) a chemopotentiating and cytoprotective agent in clinical trials: interaction with histamine at cytochrome P450 3A4 and other isozymes that metabolize antineoplastic drugs. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2000;45(4):298-304.
280 The biotransformation of clomipramine in vitro, identification of the cytochrome P450s responsible for the separate metabolic pathways. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Jun;277(3):1659-64.
281 Metabolism and disposition of prescription opioids: a review. Forensic Sci Rev. 2015 Jul;27(2):115-45.
282 Psychedelic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine: metabolism, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, and pharmacological actions. Curr Drug Metab. 2010 Oct;11(8):659-66.
283 Interactions of amphetamine analogs with human liver CYP2D6. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Jun 1;53(11):1605-12.
284 Cytochrome b5 is a major determinant of human cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 activity in vivo. Mol Pharmacol. 2015 Apr;87(4):733-9.
285 Studies on the metabolism of the fentanyl-derived designer drug butyrfentanyl in human in vitro liver preparations and authentic human samples using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Drug Test Anal. 2017 Jul;9(7):1085-1092.
286 A sensitive LC-MS/MS assay for the determination of dextromethorphan and metabolites in human urine--application for drug interaction studies assessing potential CYP3A and CYP2D6 inhibition. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2002 Aug 22;30(1):113-24.
287 [Trazodon--the antidepressant: mechanism of action and its position in the treatment of depression]. Psychiatr Pol. 2011 Jul-Aug;45(4):611-25.
288 Metabolism of methoxyphenamine and 2-methoxyamphetamine in P4502D6-transfected cells and cell preparations. Xenobiotica. 1995 Sep;25(9):895-906.
289 Human pharmacology of MDMA: pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and disposition. Ther Drug Monit. 2004 Apr;26(2):137-44.
290 Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94.
291 Evaluation of interethnic differences in repinotan pharmacokinetics by using population approach. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2006 Feb;21(1):61-9.