Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMH2NMY)

• Drug Name: Mepivacaine
• Synonyms: Carbocaine; Mepivacaina; Mepivacainum; Mepivicaine; Scandicain; Scandicaine; Scandicane; Arestocaine HCL; Carboplyin Dental; Isocaine HCL; Carbocaine (TN); Carboplyin Dental (TN); D-mepivacaine; DL-Mepivacaine; Mepivacaina [INN-Spanish]; Mepivacaine (INN); Mepivacaine [INN:BAN]; Mepivacainum [INN-Latin]; Polocaine (TN); Polocaine-Mpf; S-Ropivacaine Mesylate; D(-)-Mepivacaine; N-Methyl-2-pipecolic acid, 2,6-dimethylanilide; N-Methyl-2-pipecolic acid, 2,6-xylidide; N-Methylhexahydro-2-picolinic acid, 2,6-dimethylanilide; N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-1-methyl-2-piperidinecarboxamide; N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-1-methylpiperidine-2-carboxamide; (+-)-1-Methyl-2',6'-pipecoloxylidide; 1-METHYL-2',6'-PIPECOLOXYLIDIDE

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Analgesia	MB40.8	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Anesthetics
• Drug Type: Small molecular drug
• #Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0:
  Molecular Weight (mw); 246.35
  Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp); 1.9
  Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds); 2
  Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor); 1
  Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc); 2
• ADMET Property:
  BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 1: high solubility and high permeability [2]
  Bioavailability: 55% of drug becomes completely available to its intended biological destination(s) [3]
  Clearance: The drug present in the plasma can be removed from the body at the rate of 6.8 mL/min/kg [4]
  Elimination: 5% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [2]
  Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 1.9 - 3.2 hours [4]
  Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the liver []
  MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 23.195 micromolar/kg/day [5]
  Unbound Fraction: The unbound fraction of drug in plasma is 0.3% [4]
  Vd: Fluid volume that would be required to contain the amount of drug present in the body at the same concentration as in the plasma 0.95 L/kg [4]
  Water Solubility: The ability of drug to dissolve in water is measured as 2.4 mg/mL [2]
• Chemical Identifiers:
  Formula: C15H22N2O
  IUPAC Name: N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-methylpiperidine-2-carboxamide
  Canonical SMILES: CC1=C(C(=CC=C1)C)NC(=O)C2CCCCN2C
  InChI: InChI=1S/C15H22N2O/c1-11-7-6-8-12(2)14(11)16-15(18)13-9-4-5-10-17(13)3/h6-8,13H,4-5,9-10H2,1-3H3,(H,16,18)
  InChIKey: INWLQCZOYSRPNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 4062
  ChEBI ID: CHEBI:6759
  CAS Number: 96-88-8
  DrugBank ID: DB00961
  TTD ID: D0WO8W
  ACDINA ID: D01238

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Sodium channel unspecific (NaC)	TTRK8B9	NOUNIPROTAC	Blocker	[6]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 1 (KCNQ1)	OT8SPJNX	KCNQ1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[7]

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Mepivacaine (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Bretylium	DM1FX74	Moderate	Increased risk of atrioventricular block by the combination of Mepivacaine and Bretylium.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[8]
Amiodarone	DMUTEX3	Moderate	Increased risk of atrioventricular block by the combination of Mepivacaine and Amiodarone.	Ventricular tachyarrhythmia [BC71]	[8]

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Hydrochloric acid	E00015	313	Acidulant
Potassium chloride	E00074	4873	Tonicity agent
Calcium chloride	E00474	5284359	Antimicrobial preservative; Desiccant
Sodium chloride	E00077	5234	Diluent; Tonicity agent
Sodium hydroxide	E00234	14798	Alkalizing agent
Water	E00035	962	Solvent

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Mepivacaine 10mg/1ml solution	10mg/1ml	Solution	Epidural Infiltration
Mepivacaine 30mg/ml solution	30mg/ml	Solution	Intravenous
Mepivacaine 30mg/ml solution	30mg/ml	Solution	Subcutaneous

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

• [1] Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
• [2] BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
• [3] Critical Evaluation of Human Oral Bioavailability for Pharmaceutical Drugs by Using Various Cheminformatics Approaches
• [4] Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
• [5] Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
• [6] Block of neuronal tetrodotoxin-resistant Na+ currents by stereoisomers of piperidine local anesthetics. Anesth Analg. 2000 Dec;91(6):1499-505.
• [7] Long QT 1 mutation KCNQ1A344V increases local anesthetic sensitivity of the slowly activating delayed rectifier potassium current. Anesthesiology. 2006 Sep;105(3):511-20. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200609000-00015.
• [8] Keidar S, Grenadier E, Palant A "Sinoatrial arrest due to lidocaine injection in sick sinus syndrome during amiodarone administration." Am Heart J 104 (1982): 1384-5. [PMID: 7148661]