Details of the Drug-Related molecule(s) Interaction Atlas

General Information of Drug (ID: DM0DQM5)

• Drug Name: Amlexanox Drug Info
• Synonyms: ANW; Amlenanox; Amlexanoxo; Amlexanoxum; Amoxanox; Aphthasol; Aptheal; Apthera; Elics; OraDisc; OraRinse; Solfa; Amlexanoxo [Spanish]; Amlexanoxum [Latin]; GlaxoSmithKline brand of amlexanox; OraDisc A; AA 673; CHX 3673; AA-673; Aphthasol (TN); CHX-3673; Solfa (TN); Amlexanox [USAN:INN:JAN]; Amlexanox (JAN/USAN/INN); 2-Amino-7-isopropyl-5-oxo-5H-(1)benzopyrano(2,3-b)pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; 2-amino-5-oxo-7-(propan-2-yl)-5H-chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; 2-amino-5-oxo-7-propan-2-ylchromeno[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; 2-amino-7-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-5H-chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid; 2-amino-7-isopropyl-5-oxo-5H-(1)benzopyrano(2,3b)pyridine-3-carboxylic acid

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Respiratory tract inflammation	CA07	Approved	[1]

• Therapeutic Class: Antiulcer Agents
• Cross-matching ID:
  PubChem CID: 2161
  ChEBI ID: CHEMBL1096
  CAS Number: CAS 68302-57-8
  TTD Drug ID: DM0DQM5
  ACDINA Drug ID: D00836

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Drug(s) Targeting Heat shock protein 90 alpha (HSP90A)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Cromoglicate	DM74LZK	Asthma	CA23	Approved	[2]
NVP-AUY922	DMTYXQF	Multiple myeloma	2A83	Phase 2	[5]
BIIB-021	DMPAJ41	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Phase 2	[6]
KW-2478	DMJGL72	Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Phase 2	[7]
VER 50589	DMFLZPC	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Phase 2	[5]
Tanespimycin	DMNLQHK	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Phase 2	[8]
Efungumab	DMBHP56	Breast cancer	2C60-2C65	Phase 2	[9]
SNX-5422	DMIU0VP	Haematological malignancy	2B33.Y	Phase 1/2	[10]
PU3	DMJO0BP	Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Phase 1	[5]
Debio 0932	DMWP3G1	Solid tumour/cancer	2A00-2F9Z	Phase 1	[11]

Drug(s) Affected By Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon (IKBKE)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Indication	ICD 11	Highest Status	REF
Daunorubicin	DMQUSBT	Acute monocytic leukemia		Approved	[12]
Hydrogen peroxide	DM1NG5W	Infectious disease	1A00-CA43.1	Approved	[13]
Acetic Acid, Glacial	DM4SJ5Y	infection in the ear canal	AA0Y	Approved	[14]
Marinol	DM70IK5	Anorexia nervosa cachexia	6B80	Approved	[15]
Testosterone	DM7HUNW	Hot flushes	GA30	Approved	[16]
Calcitriol	DM8ZVJ7	Congenital alopecia	LC30	Approved	[16]
Motexafin gadolinium	DMEJKRF	Brain cancer	2A00	Approved	[14]
Zoledronate	DMIXC7G	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[17]
Melphalan	DMOLNHF	Hematologic disease	3C0Z	Approved	[18]
Cisplatin	DMRHGI9	Adenocarcinoma	2D40	Approved	[19]

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Heat shock protein 90 alpha (HSP90A)	TT78R5H	HS90A_HUMAN	Inhibitor	[2]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon (IKBKE)	OT5VYOSM	IKKE_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[3]
Regulator of nonsense transcripts 1	OTAIA3HP	RENT1_HUMAN	Protein Interaction/Cellular Processes	[4]

References

• [1] URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7113).
• [2] Hsp90 is a direct target of the anti-allergic drugs disodium cromoglycate and amlexanox. Biochem J. 2003 Sep 1;374(Pt 2):433-41.
• [3] Hydroxychloroquine-inhibited dengue virus is associated with host defense machinery. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2015 Mar;35(3):143-56. doi: 10.1089/jir.2014.0038. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
• [4] Premature termination codon readthrough in human cells occurs in novel cytoplasmic foci and requires UPF proteins. J Cell Sci. 2017 Sep 15;130(18):3009-3022. doi: 10.1242/jcs.198176. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
• [5] Recent advances in Hsp90 inhibitors as antitumor agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2008 Oct;8(7):761-82.
• [6] BIIB021, an orally available, fully synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of the heat shock protein Hsp90. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Apr;8(4):921-9.
• [7] Anti-tumor activity against multiple myeloma by combination of KW-2478, an Hsp90 inhibitor, with bortezomib. Blood Cancer J. 2012 Apr;2(4):e68.
• [8] Tanespimycin: the opportunities and challenges of targeting heat shock protein 90. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2009 Jun;18(6):861-8.
• [9] Efungumab: a novel agent in the treatment of invasive candidiasis. Ann Pharmacother. 2009 Nov;43(11):1818-23.
• [10] SNX-2112, a selective Hsp90 inhibitor, potently inhibits tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis in multiple myeloma and other hema... Blood. 2009 Jan 22;113(4):846-55.
• [11] Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Debiopharm (2011).
• [12] Genetic variants contributing to daunorubicin-induced cytotoxicity. Cancer Res. 2008 May 1;68(9):3161-8. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6381.
• [13] Global gene expression analysis reveals differences in cellular responses to hydroxyl- and superoxide anion radical-induced oxidative stress in caco-2 cells. Toxicol Sci. 2010 Apr;114(2):193-203. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp309. Epub 2009 Dec 31.
• [14] Motexafin gadolinium and zinc induce oxidative stress responses and apoptosis in B-cell lymphoma lines. Cancer Res. 2005 Dec 15;65(24):11676-88.
• [15] THC exposure of human iPSC neurons impacts genes associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry. 2018 Apr 25;8(1):89. doi: 10.1038/s41398-018-0137-3.
• [16] Effects of 1alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 and testosterone on miRNA and mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Mol Cancer. 2011 May 18;10:58.
• [17] Interleukin-19 as a translational indicator of renal injury. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Jan;89(1):101-6.
• [18] Bone marrow osteoblast damage by chemotherapeutic agents. PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30758. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030758. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
• [19] Activation of AIFM2 enhances apoptosis of human lung cancer cells undergoing toxicological stress. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Sep 6;258:227-236.