General Information of Drug (ID: DMF0NQR)

Drug Name
Eplerenone Drug Info
Synonyms
Epoxymexrenone; Inspra; Selara; CGP-30083; Inspra (TN); SC-66110; Eplerenone (JAN/USAN/INN); Inspra, Epoxymexrenone, CGP30083, SC-66110,Eplerenone; 7alpha-methoxycarbonyl-3-oxo-9,11alpha-epoxy-17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Heart failure BD10-BD13 Approved [1]
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) 1D6Y Investigative [2]
Therapeutic Class
Antihypertensive Agents
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
443872
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:31547
CAS Number
CAS 107724-20-9
TTD Drug ID
DMF0NQR
INTEDE Drug ID
DR0592
ACDINA Drug ID
D00235

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas

Molecule-Related Drug Atlas
Molecule Type:
DTT
DME
DOT
Drug Status:
Approved Drug(s)
Clinical Trial Drug(s)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Aldosterone DM9S2JW Hypertension BA00-BA04 Approved [6]
Fludrocortisone DMUDIR8 Addison disease 5A74.0 Approved [7]
Desoxycorticosterone Acetate DMS0AFE Discovery agent N.A. Approved [3]
Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate DMSA4B3 Addison disease 5A74.0 Approved [8]
Drospirenone DM1A9W3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [9]
Spironolactone DM2AQ5N Chronic heart failure BD1Z Approved [3]
Finerenone DMM4FJ3 Chronic kidney disease GB61 Approved [10]
ZK-91587 DMJ94L0 Cardiovascular disease BA00-BE2Z Phase 2 [11]
Nerenone DMBJ3GL Diabetic nephropathy GB61.Z Phase 2 [12]
LY-2623091 DMFGNB4 Chronic kidney disease GB61 Phase 2 [13]
⏷ Show the Full List of 10 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [14]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [15]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [16]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [17]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [18]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [19]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [20]
Zidovudine DM4KI7O Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [21]
Prasterone DM67VKL Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CA22 Approved [15]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [22]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [32]
Isotretinoin DM4QTBN Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [33]
Voriconazole DMAOL2S Aspergillosis 1F20 Approved [34]
Proguanil DMBL79I Malaria 1F40-1F45 Approved [35]
Ivermectin DMDBX5F Intestinal strongyloidiasis due to nematode parasite 1F6B Approved [35]
Loratadine DMF3AN7 Allergy 4A80-4A85 Approved [36]
Nelfinavir mesylate DMFX6G8 N. A. N. A. Approved [37]
Capsaicin DMGMF6V Back pain ME84.Z Approved [38]
Axitinib DMGVH6N Renal cell carcinoma 2C90 Approved [39]
Phenelzine DMHIDUE Depression 6A70-6A7Z Approved [40]
⏷ Show the Full List of 20 Drug(s)
Drug(s) Metabolized By Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)
Drug Name Drug ID Indication ICD 11 Highest Status REF
Doxorubicin DMVP5YE Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [23]
Progesterone DMUY35B Amenorrhea GA20.0 Approved [24]
Tamoxifen DMLB0EZ Breast cancer 2C60-2C65 Approved [25]
Estradiol DMUNTE3 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [26]
Acetaminophen DMUIE76 Allergic rhinitis CA08.0 Approved [27]
Sulfasalazine DMICA9H Irritable bowel syndrome DD91.0 Approved [28]
Imatinib DM7RJXL Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 2A85 Approved [29]
Etoposide DMNH3PG Acute myelogenous leukaemia 2A41 Approved [30]
Verapamil DMA7PEW Angina pectoris BA40 Approved [31]
Sorafenib DMS8IFC Adenocarcinoma 2D40 Approved [26]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Dravet syndrome 8A61.11 Approved [32]
Nelfinavir mesylate DMFX6G8 N. A. N. A. Approved [37]
Ritonavir DMU764S Human immunodeficiency virus infection 1C62 Approved [37]
Ifosfamide DMCT3I8 Adult central nervous system germ cell tumor Approved [41]
Omeprazole DM471KJ Cystic fibrosis CA25 Approved [42]
Thalidomide DM70BU5 Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma Approved [43]
Ciclosporin DMAZJFX Graft-versus-host disease 4B24 Approved [44]
Valproate DMCFE9I Epilepsy 8A60-8A68 Approved [45]
Hydrocortisone DMGEMB7 Acne vulgaris ED80 Approved [46]
Dexamethasone DMMWZET Acute adrenal insufficiency Approved [47]
⏷ Show the Full List of 20 Drug(s)

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) TT26PHO MCR_HUMAN Modulator [3]
HUMAN mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) TT9P1CK MCR_HUMAN Antagonist [2]

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)
DME Name DME ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) DE4LYSA CP3A4_HUMAN Substrate [4]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) DEIBDNY CP3A5_HUMAN Substrate [5]

Drug Off-Target (DOT)
DOT Name DOT ID UniProt ID Interaction REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) OTQGYY83 CP3A4_HUMAN Regulation of Drug Effects [5]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) OTSXFBXB CP3A5_HUMAN Regulation of Drug Effects [5]

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2876).
2 Network-based drug repurposing for novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2. Cell Discov. 2020 Mar 16;6:14.
3 Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
4 Eplerenone: a selective aldosterone receptor antagonist for hypertension and heart failure. Heart Dis. 2003 Sep-Oct;5(5):354-63.
5 The relative role of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in eplerenone metabolism. Toxicol Lett. 2019 Oct 15;315:9-13.
6 Stimulation of testosterone production in rat Leydig cells by aldosterone is mineralocorticoid receptor mediated. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Nov 24;243(1-2):35-42.
7 Mineralocorticoid receptor-mediated inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in aged humans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003 Oct;58(10):B900-5.
8 Characterization of rat brain aldosterone receptors reveals high affinity for corticosterone. Endocrinology. 1983 Dec;113(6):2043-51.
9 Biochemical mechanisms of New Molecular Entities (NMEs) approved by United States FDA during 2001-2004: mechanisms leading to optimal efficacy and ... Curr Top Med Chem. 2006;6(5):461-78.
10 Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
11 ZK91587: a novel synthetic antimineralocorticoid displays high affinity for corticosterone (type I) receptors in the rat hippocampus. Life Sci. 1988;43(19):1537-43.
12 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 626).
13 Nonsteroidal antagonists of the mineralocorticoid receptor. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2015 Sep;24(5):417-24.
14 Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer. 2007 Mar 1;109(5):957-65.
15 Contribution of human hepatic cytochrome P450 isoforms to regioselective hydroxylation of steroid hormones. Xenobiotica. 1998 Jun;28(6):539-47.
16 Comprehensive evaluation of tamoxifen sequential biotransformation by the human cytochrome P450 system in vitro: prominent roles for CYP3A and CYP2D6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Sep;310(3):1062-75.
17 Isoform-specific regulation of cytochromes P450 expression by estradiol and progesterone. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):263-9.
18 Metabolic interactions between acetaminophen (paracetamol) and two flavonoids, luteolin and quercetin, through in-vitro inhibition studies. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;69(12):1762-1772.
19 Potent mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 by imatinib explains its liability to interact with CYP3A4 substrates. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 Apr;165(8):2787-98.
20 Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2007 Apr;28(3):151-6.
21 The metabolism of zidovudine by human liver microsomes in vitro: formation of 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):267-76.
22 Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675.
23 Drug related genetic polymorphisms affecting adverse reactions to methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin in patients with urothelial cancer. J Urol. 2008 Dec;180(6):2389-95.
24 Human prostate CYP3A5: identification of a unique 5'-untranslated sequence and characterization of purified recombinant protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 14;260(3):676-81.
25 Polymorphisms in cytochrome P4503A5 (CYP3A5) may be associated with race and tumor characteristics, but not metabolism and side effects of tamoxifen in breast cancer patients. Cancer Lett. 2005 Jan 10;217(1):61-72.
26 Drug Interactions Flockhart Table
27 Induction of hepatic CYP2E1 by a subtoxic dose of acetaminophen in rats: increase in dichloromethane metabolism and carboxyhemoglobin elevation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1754-8.
28 Urinary 6 beta-hydroxycortisol excretion in rheumatoid arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1997 Jan;36(1):54-8.
29 Clinical pharmacokinetics of imatinib. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(9):879-94.
30 Kinetics and regulation of cytochrome P450-mediated etoposide metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Sep;32(9):993-1000.
31 Differential mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 by verapamil. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 May;33(5):664-71.
32 Characterization of the structural determinants required for potent mechanism-based inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1A1 by cannabidiol. Chem Biol Interact. 2014 May 25;215:62-8.
33 Retinoids activate the RXR/SXR-mediated pathway and induce the endogenous CYP3A4 activity in Huh7 human hepatoma cells. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):51-60.
34 The novel azole R126638 is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis in Candida albicans, Trichophyton spp., and Microsporum canis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Sep;48(9):3272-8.
35 Application of higher throughput screening (HTS) inhibition assays to evaluate the interaction of antiparasitic drugs with cytochrome P450s. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Jan;29(1):30-5.
36 Cetirizine and loratadine-based antihistamines with 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Nov 15;14(22):5591-4.
37 Mechanism-based inactivation of CYP3A by HIV protease inhibitors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Feb;312(2):583-91.
38 Studies of the toxicological potential of capsinoids, XIII: inhibitory effects of capsaicin and capsinoids on cytochrome P450 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Int J Toxicol. 2010 Mar;29(2 Suppl):22S-6S.
39 Investigation of the effects of axitinib on the pharmacokinetics of loperamide and its main metabolite N-demethylated loperamide in rats by UPLC-MS/MS. Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Sep 1;310:108744. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108744. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
40 Mechanism-based inactivation of human cytochrome P4502C8 by drugs in vitro. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 Dec;311(3):996-1007.
41 Contribution of CYP3A5 to hepatic and renal ifosfamide N-dechloroethylation. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):1074-81. doi: 10.1124/dmd.104.002279. Epub 2005 Apr 8.
42 Use of mRNA expression to detect the induction of drug metabolising enzymes in rat and human hepatocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Feb 15;235(1):86-96.
43 Induction of human cytochrome P450 3A enzymes in cultured placental cells by thalidomide and relevance to bioactivation and toxicity. J Toxicol Sci. 2017;42(3):343-348.
44 Comparison of HepG2 and HepaRG by whole-genome gene expression analysis for the purpose of chemical hazard identification. Toxicol Sci. 2010 May;115(1):66-79.
45 Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
46 Induction of hepatic CYP3A enzymes by pregnancy-related hormones: studies in human hepatocytes and hepatic cell lines. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Feb;41(2):281-90.
47 Induction and regulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochrome P450s in the human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2000 Mar;22(3):360-6.