Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DMO4PVE)

Drug Name
Apraclonidine
Synonyms
Aplonidine; Apraclonidina; Apraclonidinum; Iopidine; Iopidine Eye; ALO 2145; Apraclonidina [INN-Spanish]; Apraclonidine (INN); Apraclonidine [INN:BAN]; Apraclonidinum [INN-Latin]; Iopidine (TN); P-aminoclonidine; Para-aminoclonidine; 2,6-dichloro-1-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine; 2,6-dichloro-N(1)-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine; 2-(4-Amino-2,6-dichloroanilino)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride; 2-(4-amino-2,6-dichloro)phenyliminoimidazolidine; 4-Aminoclonidine
Indication
Disease Entry ICD 11 Status REF
Intra ocular pressure reduction 9C40 Approved [1]
Therapeutic Class
Antiglaucomic Agents
Affected Organisms
Humans and other mammals
ATC Code
S01EA03: Apraclonidine
S01EA: Sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy
S01E: ANTIGLAUCOMA PREPARATIONS AND MIOTICS
S01: OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
S: SENSORY ORGANS
Drug Type
Small molecular drug
Structure
3D MOL 2D MOL
#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 0 Molecular Weight (mw) 245.11
Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp) 1.3
Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) 2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) 3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) 2
ADMET Property
Half-life
The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 8 hours [2]
Chemical Identifiers
Formula
C9H10Cl2N4
IUPAC Name
2,6-dichloro-1-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine
Canonical SMILES
C1CN=C(N1)NC2=C(C=C(C=C2Cl)N)Cl
InChI
InChI=1S/C9H10Cl2N4/c10-6-3-5(12)4-7(11)8(6)15-9-13-1-2-14-9/h3-4H,1-2,12H2,(H2,13,14,15)
InChIKey
IEJXVRYNEISIKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Cross-matching ID
PubChem CID
2216
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:2788
CAS Number
66711-21-5
UNII
843CEN85DI
DrugBank ID
DB00964
TTD ID
D0MT0M
Repurposed Drugs (RPD) Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug


Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)
DTT Name DTT ID UniProt ID MOA REF
Adrenergic receptor Alpha-2 (ADRA2) TTQ8AFT NOUNIPROTAC Agonist [3]
Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Apraclonidine (Comorbidity)
DDI Drug Name DDI Drug ID Severity Mechanism Comorbidity REF
Methylene blue DMJAPE7 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Methylene blue. Acquired methaemoglobinaemia [3A93] [4]
Oliceridine DM6MDCF Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Oliceridine. Acute pain [MG31] [5]
Mepyramine DMB4SFH Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Mepyramine. Allergic/hypersensitivity disorder [4A80-4A8Z] [5]
Phenyltoloxamine DMKAEQW Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Phenyltoloxamine. Allergic/hypersensitivity disorder [4A80-4A8Z] [5]
Chlormezanone DMTWUXR Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Chlormezanone. Anxiety disorder [6B00-6B0Z] [5]
Desipramine DMT2FDC Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Desipramine. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [6A05] [6]
Retigabine DMGNYIH Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Retigabine. Behcet disease [4A62] [5]
Cariprazine DMJYDVK Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Cariprazine. Bipolar disorder [6A60] [5]
Diphenoxylate DMO5SZX Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Diphenoxylate. Bowel habit change [ME05] [5]
Dihydrocodeine DMB0FWL Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Dihydrocodeine. Chronic pain [MG30] [5]
Levetiracetam DMTGDN8 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Levetiracetam. Chronic pain [MG30] [5]
Azelastine DMXTMBJ Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Azelastine. Conjunctiva disorder [9A60] [5]
Ketamine DMT5HA4 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Ketamine. Corneal disease [9A76-9A78] [5]
Chlophedianol DMXGJEI Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Chlophedianol. Cough [MD12] [5]
Selegiline DM6034S Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Selegiline. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [4]
Isocarboxazid DMAF1NB Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Isocarboxazid. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [4]
OPC-34712 DMHG57U Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and OPC-34712. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [5]
Clomipramine DMINRKW Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Clomipramine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [6]
Doxepin DMPI98T Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Doxepin. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [5]
Esketamine DMVU687 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Esketamine. Depression [6A70-6A7Z] [5]
Heroin diacetylmorphine DMDBWHY Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Heroin diacetylmorphine. Dissociative neurological symptom disorder [6B60] [5]
Tetrabenazine DMYWQ0O Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Tetrabenazine. Dissociative neurological symptom disorder [6B60] [5]
Methsuximide DM6L5VO Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Methsuximide. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Cenobamate DM8KLU9 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Cenobamate. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Phenacemide DMOHS9P Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Phenacemide. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Brivaracetam DMSEPK8 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Brivaracetam. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Clonazepam DMTO13J Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Clonazepam. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Rufinamide DMWE60C Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Rufinamide. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Phenobarbital DMXZOCG Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Phenobarbital. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Vigabatrin DMYT0OG Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Vigabatrin. Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z] [5]
Cannabidiol DM0659E Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Cannabidiol. Epileptic encephalopathy [8A62] [5]
Dantrolene DM1D8XY Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Dantrolene. Fever [MG26] [5]
Procarbazine DMIK367 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Procarbazine. Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30] [4]
Suvorexant DM0E6S3 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Suvorexant. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
Amobarbital DM0GQ8N Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Amobarbital. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
Ramelteon DM7IW9J Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Ramelteon. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
Tasimelteon DMLOQ1V Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Tasimelteon. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
Paraldehyde DMOC1BX Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Paraldehyde. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
ITI-007 DMUQ1DO Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and ITI-007. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
Quazepam DMY4D87 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Quazepam. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
Estazolam DMZGXUM Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Estazolam. Insomnia [7A00-7A0Z] [5]
Allopregnanolone DMNLHAC Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Allopregnanolone. Mental/behavioural/neurodevelopmental disorder [6E20-6E8Z] [5]
Flibanserin DM70DTN Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Flibanserin. Mood disorder [6A60-6E23] [5]
Thalidomide DM70BU5 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Thalidomide. Multiple myeloma [2A83] [5]
Ozanimod DMT6AM2 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Ozanimod. Multiple sclerosis [8A40] [4]
Promethazine DM6I5GR Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Promethazine. Nausea/vomiting [MD90] [5]
Cyclizine DM9G7BS Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Cyclizine. Nausea/vomiting [MD90] [5]
Metoclopramide DMFA5MY Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Metoclopramide. Nausea/vomiting [MD90] [5]
E-2007 DMJDYNQ Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and E-2007. Neuropathy [8C0Z] [5]
Sibutramine DMFJTDI Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Sibutramine. Obesity [5B80-5B81] [5]
Levomethadyl Acetate DM06HG5 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Levomethadyl Acetate. Opioid use disorder [6C43] [5]
Lofexidine DM1WXA6 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Lofexidine. Opioid use disorder [6C43] [5]
Oxymorphone DM65AGJ Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Oxymorphone. Pain [MG30-MG3Z] [5]
Dezocine DMJDB0Y Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Dezocine. Pain [MG30-MG3Z] [5]
Flavoxate DMKV4NL Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Flavoxate. Pain [MG30-MG3Z] [5]
Ziconotide DMSLJP4 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Ziconotide. Pain [MG30-MG3Z] [5]
Safinamide DM0YWJC Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Safinamide. Parkinsonism [8A00] [4]
Pergolide DM14MAE Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Pergolide. Parkinsonism [8A00] [5]
Opicapone DM1BKA6 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Opicapone. Parkinsonism [8A00] [5]
Rasagiline DM3WKQ4 Major Additive hypertensive effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Rasagiline. Parkinsonism [8A00] [4]
Levodopa DMN3E57 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Levodopa. Parkinsonism [8A00] [5]
Bromocriptine DMVE3TK Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Bromocriptine. Parkinsonism [8A00] [5]
Orphenadrine DMW542E Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Orphenadrine. Parkinsonism [8A00] [5]
Levomepromazine DMIKFEL Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Levomepromazine. Psychotic disorder [6A20-6A25] [5]
Neupro DMHEAB1 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Neupro. Restless legs syndrome [7A80] [5]
Quetiapine DM1N62C Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Quetiapine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Aripiprazole DM3NUMH Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Aripiprazole. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Iloperidone DM6AUFY Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Iloperidone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Paliperidone DM7NPJS Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Paliperidone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Molindone DMAH70G Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Molindone. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Thiothixene DMDINC4 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Thiothixene. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Asenapine DMSQZE2 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Asenapine. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Pimozide DMW83TP Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Pimozide. Schizophrenia [6A20] [5]
Chlorpheniramine DM5URA2 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Chlorpheniramine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [5]
Trimeprazine DMEMV9D Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Trimeprazine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [5]
Acrivastine DMTIGA0 Moderate Additive CNS depression effects by the combination of Apraclonidine and Acrivastine. Vasomotor/allergic rhinitis [CA08] [5]
⏷ Show the Full List of 76 DDI Information of This Drug

References

1 URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7117).
2 Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
3 Apraclonidine attenuates the increases in spinal excitatory amino acid release in rats with adjuvant-induced inflammation. Anesth Analg. 2002 Mar;94(3):701-5; table of contents.
4 De Vita VT, Hahn MA, Oliverio VT "Monoamine oxidase inhibition by a new carcinostatic agent, n-isopropyl-a-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide (MIH). (30590)." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 120 (1965): 561-5. [PMID: 4379192]
5 Product Information. Alphagan (brimonidine ophthalmic). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
6 Product Information. Iopidine (apraclonidine). Alcon Laboratories Inc, Fort Worth, TX.