Details of Disease

General Information of Disease (ID: DISEPYEA)

• Disease Name: Onchocerciasis
• Synonyms: onchocercosis; Robles' disease; River blindness; infection caused by Onchocerca volvulus; infection by Onchocerca volvulus; volvulosis; Onchocerca volvulus infection; onchocerciasis
• Disease Class: 1F6A: Onchocerciasis
• Definition: Onchocerciasis is a form of filariasis, caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus, transmitted by the black fly. The infection can either be asymptomatic or manifest as an ocular disease (river blindness) with itchy eyes, erythema, photophobia, onchodermatitis or onchocercal skin disease (classified into acute papular, chronic papular, lichenified, atrophic, and depigmentated) and onchocercomas (over bony prominences). Other classic clinical manifestations are ichthyosis-like lesions (''lizard skin'') and ''hanging groin'', which may be associated with lymphadenopathy.
• Disease Hierarchy:
  DISGFCIX: Vector-borne disease
  DISIXIPE: Rhabditida infectious disease
  DISWBRRN: Filarial disease
  DISEM33Q: Infectious disease
  DISEPYEA: Onchocerciasis
• ICD Code:
  ICD-11: ICD-11: 1F6A
  ICD-10: ICD-10: B73
  Expand ICD-11: '1F6A
  Expand ICD-10: 'B73
• Disease Identifiers:
  MONDO ID: MONDO_0017137
  MESH ID: D009855
  UMLS CUI: C0029001
  MedGen ID: 14477
  Orphanet ID: 2737
  SNOMED CT ID: 38539003

Drug-Interaction Atlas (DIA) of This Disease

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 3 Approved Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
Diethylcarbamazine	DM1TJ8F	Approved	Small molecular drug	[1]
Ivermectin	DMDBX5F	Approved	Small molecular drug	[2]
Moxidectin	DMYGHX5	Approved	NA	[3]

This Disease is Treated as An Indication in 1 Clinical Trial Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Drug Type	REF
VT-1129	DMCGK9H	Phase 2	NA	[4]

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This Disease

This Disease Is Related to 1 DTT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DTT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
IL5	TTPREZD	Limited	Biomarker	[5]

This Disease Is Related to 4 DOT Molecule(s)

Gene Name	DOT ID	Evidence Level	Mode of Inheritance	REF
RALA	OT734R7X	moderate	Biomarker	[6]
GPT2	OTS5VF7N	Strong	Biomarker	[7]
RNASE13	OT5GGAGZ	Strong	Biomarker	[8]
SOSTDC1	OTAKDNSM	Strong	Biomarker	[9]

References

• [1] Diethylcarbamazine FDA Label
• [2] FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2019. Application Number: (NDA) 202736
• [3] FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2018. Application Number: (ANDA) 210867.
• [4] ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01891305) A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Oral VT-1161 in Patients With Moderate - Severe Interdigital Tinea Pedis. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
• [5] Antigen-specific T regulatory-1 cells are associated with immunosuppression in a chronic helminth infection (onchocerciasis).Microbes Infect. 2002 Nov;4(13):1291-300. doi: 10.1016/s1286-4579(02)00014-x.
• [6] Antibody responses against the vaccine antigens Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 are associated with protective immunity to Onchocerca volvulus infection in both mice and humans.PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Sep 16;13(9):e0007730. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007730. eCollection 2019 Sep.
• [7] Differential Evolutionary Selection and Natural Evolvability Observed in ALT Proteins of Human Filarial Parasites.PLoS One. 2016 Feb 18;11(2):e0148611. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148611. eCollection 2016.
• [8] Epitopes of the Onchocerca volvulus RAL1 antigen, a member of the calreticulin family of proteins, recognized by sera from patients with onchocerciasis.Infect Immun. 1994 Sep;62(9):3696-704. doi: 10.1128/iai.62.9.3696-3704.1994.
• [9] Taxonomy and polytene chromosomes of the Neotropical black fly Simulium perplexum (Diptera: Simuliidae).Acta Trop. 2017 Jul;171:101-113. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.03.024. Epub 2017 Mar 27.