Details of Drug Off-Target (DOT)

General Information of Drug Off-Target (DOT) (ID: OTNVV3ZG)

• DOT Name: Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4)
• Synonyms: FGF-4; Heparin secretory-transforming protein 1; HST; HST-1; HSTF-1; Heparin-binding growth factor 4; HBGF-4; Transforming protein KS3
• Gene Name: FGF4
• UniProt ID: FGF4_HUMAN
• PDB ID: 1IJT
• Pfam ID: PF00167
• Sequence:
  MSGPGTAAVALLPAVLLALLAPWAGRGGAAAPTAPNGTLEAELERRWESLVALSLARLPV
  AAQPKEAAVQSGAGDYLLGIKRLRRLYCNVGIGFHLQALPDGRIGGAHADTRDSLLELSP
  VERGVVSIFGVASRFFVAMSSKGKLYGSPFFTDECTFKEILLPNNYNAYESYKYPGMFIA
  LSKNGKTKKGNRVSPTMKVTHFLPRL
• Function: Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. Required for normal limb and cardiac valve development during embryogenesis. May play a role in embryonic molar tooth bud development via inducing the expression of MSX1, MSX2 and MSX1-mediated expression of SDC1 in dental mesenchyme cells.
• KEGG Pathway:
  MAPK sig.ling pathway (hsa04010)
  Ras sig.ling pathway (hsa04014)
  Rap1 sig.ling pathway (hsa04015)
  Calcium sig.ling pathway (hsa04020)
  PI3K-Akt sig.ling pathway (hsa04151)
  Regulation of actin cytoskeleton (hsa04810)
  Pathways in cancer (hsa05200)
  Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation (hsa05207)
  Melanoma (hsa05218)
  Breast cancer (hsa05224)
  Gastric cancer (hsa05226)
• Reactome Pathway:
  (FGFR2)
  (FGFR3)
  (FGFR4)
  PIP3 activates AKT signaling (R-HSA-1257604)
  Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR1 (R-HSA-1839122)
  Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR3 (R-HSA-1839130)
  FGFR4 ligand binding and activation (R-HSA-190322)
  FGFR3c ligand binding and activation (R-HSA-190372)
  FGFR1c ligand binding and activation (R-HSA-190373)
  FGFR2c ligand binding and activation (R-HSA-190375)
  Activated point mutants of FGFR2 (R-HSA-2033519)
  Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer (R-HSA-2219530)
  Phospholipase C-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654219)
  Phospholipase C-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654221)
  Phospholipase C-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654227)
  Phospholipase C-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654228)
  Downstream signaling of activated FGFR1 (R-HSA-5654687)
  SHC-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654688)
  PI-3K cascade (R-HSA-5654689)
  FRS-mediated FGFR1 signaling (R-HSA-5654693)
  PI-3K cascade (R-HSA-5654695)
  SHC-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654699)
  FRS-mediated FGFR2 signaling (R-HSA-5654700)
  SHC-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654704)
  FRS-mediated FGFR3 signaling (R-HSA-5654706)
  PI-3K cascade (R-HSA-5654710)
  FRS-mediated FGFR4 signaling (R-HSA-5654712)
  SHC-mediated cascade (R-HSA-5654719)
  PI-3K cascade (R-HSA-5654720)
  Negative regulation of FGFR1 signaling (R-HSA-5654726)
  Negative regulation of FGFR2 signaling (R-HSA-5654727)
  Negative regulation of FGFR3 signaling (R-HSA-5654732)
  Negative regulation of FGFR4 signaling (R-HSA-5654733)
  Signaling by FGFR2 in disease (R-HSA-5655253)
  Signaling by FGFR1 in disease (R-HSA-5655302)
  Signaling by FGFR3 in disease (R-HSA-5655332)
  FGFRL1 modulation of FGFR1 signaling (R-HSA-5658623)
  RAF/MAP kinase cascade (R-HSA-5673001)
  PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling (R-HSA-6811558)
  PI3K Cascade (R-HSA-109704)

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA) of This DOT

This DOT Affected the Drug Response of 1 Drug(s)

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Ethinyl estradiol	DMODJ40	Approved	Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) increases the Hepatotoxicity ADR of Ethinyl estradiol.	[10]

2 Drug(s) Affected the Post-Translational Modifications of This DOT

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Valproate	DMCFE9I	Approved	Valproate increases the methylation of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[1]
Benzo(a)pyrene	DMN7J43	Phase 1	Benzo(a)pyrene increases the methylation of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[8]

8 Drug(s) Affected the Gene/Protein Processing of This DOT

Drug Name	Drug ID	Highest Status	Interaction	REF
Tretinoin	DM49DUI	Approved	Tretinoin affects the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[2]
Estradiol	DMUNTE3	Approved	Estradiol increases the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[3]
Carbamazepine	DMZOLBI	Approved	Carbamazepine affects the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[4]
Amphotericin B	DMTAJQE	Approved	Amphotericin B increases the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[5]
SNDX-275	DMH7W9X	Phase 3	SNDX-275 increases the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[6]
Resveratrol	DM3RWXL	Phase 3	Resveratrol decreases the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[7]
Belinostat	DM6OC53	Phase 2	Belinostat increases the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[6]
Trichostatin A	DM9C8NX	Investigative	Trichostatin A increases the expression of Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4).	[9]

References

• [1] Integrative omics data analyses of repeated dose toxicity of valproic acid in vitro reveal new mechanisms of steatosis induction. Toxicology. 2018 Jan 15;393:160-170.
• [2] Molecular characterization of a toxicological tipping point during human stem cell differentiation. Reprod Toxicol. 2020 Jan;91:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.10.001. Epub 2019 Oct 7.
• [3] Estrogen expands breast cancer stem-like cells through paracrine FGF/Tbx3 signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Dec 14;107(50):21737-42. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1007863107. Epub 2010 Nov 22.
• [4] Gene Expression Regulation and Pathway Analysis After Valproic Acid and Carbamazepine Exposure in a Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Based Neurodevelopmental Toxicity Assay. Toxicol Sci. 2015 Aug;146(2):311-20. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv094. Epub 2015 May 15.
• [5] Differential expression of microRNAs and their predicted targets in renal cells exposed to amphotericin B and its complex with copper (II) ions. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2017 Sep;27(7):537-543. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1333554. Epub 2017 Jun 8.
• [6] A transcriptome-based classifier to identify developmental toxicants by stem cell testing: design, validation and optimization for histone deacetylase inhibitors. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Sep;89(9):1599-618.
• [7] Results of a phase I pilot clinical trial examining the effect of plant-derived resveratrol and grape powder on Wnt pathway target gene expression in colonic mucosa and colon cancer. Cancer Manag Res. 2009 Apr 3;1:25-37.
• [8] Air pollution and DNA methylation alterations in lung cancer: A systematic and comparative study. Oncotarget. 2017 Jan 3;8(1):1369-1391. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.13622.
• [9] From transient transcriptome responses to disturbed neurodevelopment: role of histone acetylation and methylation as epigenetic switch between reversible and irreversible drug effects. Arch Toxicol. 2014 Jul;88(7):1451-68.
• [10] ADReCS-Target: target profiles for aiding drug safety research and application. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D911-D917. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx899.