Details of the Drug

General Information of Drug (ID: DM49DUI)

Drug Name

Tretinoin

Synonyms

Retinoic acid; tretinoin; 302-79-4; Vitamin A acid; all-trans-Retinoic acid; trans-Retinoic acid; ATRA; Airol; Retin-A; Vesanoid; Renova; Dermairol; Aknoten; Eudyna; Aberel; all-trans-Vitamin A acid; Aknefug; All-trans Retinoic Acid; Cordes vas; Epi-aberel; Atralin; Vitamin A1 acid, all-trans-; Tretin M; Retin-A Micro; all-trans-Vitamin A1 acid; Vitamin A acid, all-trans-; all-trans-Tretinoin; Effederm; Retionic acid; TRETINON; Retinoic acid, all-trans-; Alltrans-retinoic acid; beta-Ra; all-(E)-Retinoic acid; beta-Retinoic acid; Avitoin; Aberela; Acnavit; Atragen; Betarretin; Lsotretinoin; Nexret; Panretyn; REA; Retacnyl; Retinoate; Retinova; Solage; Tretinoina; Tretinoine; Tretinoino; Tretinoinum; Vesnaroid; Vitinoin; Aberela [Norway]; Accutane Roche; Acnavit [Denmark]; All Trans Retinoic Acid; Avita Gel; Avitoin [Norway]; Beta all trans Retinoic Acid; Cordes VAS [Germany]; Effederm [France]; Panretin Gel; Retin A; Trans Retinoic Acid; Tretinoin Potassium Salt; Tretinoin Sodium Salt; Tretinoin Zinc Salt; Tretinoin liposome; AGN100335; AGN 192013; ALRT 1057; BAL4079; LGD 100057; R 2625; [3H]Retinoic acid; A-Vitaminsyre; A-Vitaminsyre [Denmark]; AT-RA; Aberela (TN); Acid, Retinoic; Acid, Vitamin A; All trans-Retinoic acid; Atra-IV; Avita (TN); B-Retinoic acid; BML2-E05; Beta-Ra; Beta-Retinoic acid; Potassium Salt, Tretinoin; RETINOIC ACID, ALL TRANS; Renova (TN); Retin A (TN); Retisol-A; Ro 1-5488; Salt, Tretinoin Potassium; Salt, Tretinoin Sodium; Salt, Tretinoin Zinc; Sodium Salt, Tretinoin; Stieva-A; Stieva-a Forte; Trans-Retinoicacid; Tretinoin (TN); Tretinoina [INN-Spanish]; Tretinoine [INN-French]; Tretinoino [INN-Spanish]; Tretinoinum [INN-Latin]; Tri-Luma; Vesanoid (TN); Zinc Salt, Tretinoin; A-Acido (Argentina); Acid A Vit (Belgium, Netherlands); Acid, trans-Retinoic; Acide retinoique (French) (DSL); All-trans-Retinoic acid; All-trans-Tretinoin; All-trans-Vitamin A acid; All-trans-Vitamin A1 acid; PDT-002-002; Retin-A (TN); Stieva-A (TN); Tretinoin 01% cream or placebo; Tretinoin [USAN:INN:BAN]; Tretinoin/All-Trans Retinoic Acid; Tretinoine (French) (EINECS); Acid, all-trans-Retinoic; All-(E)-Retinoic acid; All-trans-b-Retinoic acid; All-trans-beta-Retinoic acid; Beta-all-trans-Retinoic acid; Tretinoin (JAN/USP/INN); Acid, beta-all-trans-Retinoic; Retinoic acid, all-trans-(8CI); Vesanoid, Airol, Renova, Atralin, Retin-A, Avita, Tretinoin; 15-Apo-beta-caroten-15-oic acid; 3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic acid; 9(Z)-Retinoic acid; 9-cis-RA; 9-trans-retinoic acid

Indication

Disease Entry	ICD 11	Status	REF
Acne vulgaris	ED80	Approved	[1]
Acute myelogenous leukaemia	2A41	Approved	[2]
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia	2A60.0	Approved	[3]
Melasma	ED60.1	Approved	[2]
Neuroblastoma	2D11.2	Investigative	[2]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Therapeutic Class

Keratolytic Agents

Drug Type

Small molecular drug

Structure

3D MOL

2D MOL

#Ro5 Violations (Lipinski): 1

Molecular Weight (mw)

300.4

Logarithm of the Partition Coefficient (xlogp)

6.3

Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds)

Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor)

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc)

ADMET Property

BDDCS Class: Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) Class 2: low solubility and high permeability [4]
Elimination: 0.5% of drug is excreted from urine in the unchanged form [4]
Half-life: The concentration or amount of drug in body reduced by one-half in 0.5 - 2 hours [5]
Metabolism: The drug is metabolized via the hepatic []
MRTD: The Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Dose (MRTD) of drug that ensured maximising efficacy and moderate side effect is 3.70165 micromolar/kg/day [6]

Chemical Identifiers

Formula: C20H28O2
IUPAC Name: (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid
Canonical SMILES: CC1=C(C(CCC1)(C)C)/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C(=C/C(=O)O)/C)/C
InChI: InChI=1S/C20H28O2/c1-15(8-6-9-16(2)14-19(21)22)11-12-18-17(3)10-7-13-20(18,4)5/h6,8-9,11-12,14H,7,10,13H2,1-5H3,(H,21,22)/b9-6+,12-11+,15-8+,16-14+
InChIKey: SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N

Cross-matching ID

PubChem CID: 444795
ChEBI ID: CHEBI:15367
CAS Number: 302-79-4
DrugBank ID: DB00755
TTD ID: D02DGU
VARIDT ID: DR00154
INTEDE ID: DR1634
ACDINA ID: D00699

Combinatorial Drugs (CBD)

Click to Jump to the Detailed CBD Information of This Drug

Repurposed Drugs (RPD)

Click to Jump to the Detailed RPD Information of This Drug

Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Drug Therapeutic Target (DTT)

DTT Name	DTT ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR)	TTOD7B3	NOUNIPROTAC	Binder	[7]
Retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARG)	TT1Q3IE	RARG_HUMAN	Agonist	[8]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug Transporter (DTP)

DTP Name	DTP ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
P-glycoprotein 1 (ABCB1)	DTUGYRD	MDR1_HUMAN	Substrate	[9]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme (DME)

DME Name	DME ID	UniProt ID	MOA	REF
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4)	DE4LYSA	CP3A4_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9)	DE5IED8	CP2C9_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6)	DEJVYAZ	CP2A6_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5)	DEIBDNY	CP3A5_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6)	DEPKLMQ	CP2B6_HUMAN	Substrate	[11]
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8)	DES5XRU	CP2C8_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Cytochrome P450 3A7 (CYP3A7)	DERD86B	CP3A7_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Cytochrome P450 2C18 (CYP2C18)	DEZMWRE	CP2CI_HUMAN	Substrate	[10]
Cytochrome P450 26C1 (CYP26C1)	DEXNDR0	CP26C_HUMAN	Substrate	[12]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Drug Off-Target (DOT)

DOT Name	DOT ID	UniProt ID	Interaction	REF
(E2-independent) E3 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme FATS (C10ORF90)	OT6DNZC4	CJ090_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[13]
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial (CYP24A1)	OTG2T749	CP24A_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[14]
1,4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme (GBE1)	OTK2N05B	GLGB_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[13]
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase delta (AGPAT4)	OT5CTQKO	PLCD_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[13]
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase epsilon (AGPAT5)	OTNY3VMD	PLCE_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[13]
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma (AGPAT3)	OTAUR5TG	PLCC_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[15]
1-phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIKFYVE)	OTO3HGAA	FYV1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[16]
1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 (PLCB1)	OT9HYT7A	PLCB1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[17]
1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 (PLCB2)	OTPAHDGO	PLCB2_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[13]
1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1 (PLCE1)	OTJISZOX	PLCE1_HUMAN	Gene/Protein Processing	[15]

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Molecular Interaction Atlas (MIA)

MIA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Interaction Atlas of This Drug

Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

The Studied Disease

Acne vulgaris

ICD Disease Classification

ED80

Molecule Name	Molecule Type	Gene Name	p-value	Fold-Change	Z-score
Retinoic acid receptor gamma (RARG)	DTT	RARG	5.43E-04	-0.14	-0.37

Molecular Expression Atlas (MEA)

MEA Detail

Jump to Detail Molecular Expression Atlas of This Drug

Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) Information of This Drug

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Same Disease as Tretinoin

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Disease	REF
Isotretinoin	DM4QTBN	Major	Increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri by the combination of Tretinoin and Isotretinoin.	Acne vulgaris [ED80]	[18]
Sarecycline	DMLZNIQ	Major	Increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri by the combination of Tretinoin and Sarecycline .	Acne vulgaris [ED80]	[19]
-----------

Coadministration of a Drug Treating the Disease Different from Tretinoin (Comorbidity)

DDI Drug Name	DDI Drug ID	Severity	Mechanism	Comorbidity	REF
Remdesivir	DMBFZ6L	Moderate	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Remdesivir.	1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019 [1D6YCoronavirus Disease 2019]	[20]
Dronedarone	DMA8FS5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Dronedarone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Angina pectoris [BA40]	[21]
Bedaquiline	DM3906J	Moderate	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Bedaquiline.	Antimicrobial drug resistance [MG50-MG52]	[22]
Posaconazole	DMUL5EW	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Posaconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Aspergillosis [1F20]	[23]
Ofloxacin	DM0VQN3	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Ofloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[24]
Clarithromycin	DM4M1SG	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Clarithromycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[23]
Sparfloxacin	DMB4HCT	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Sparfloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[24]
Gemifloxacin	DMHT34O	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Gemifloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[24]
Norfloxacin	DMIZ6W2	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Norfloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[24]
ABT-492	DMJFD2I	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by ABT-492.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[24]
Omadacycline	DMR2J95	Major	Increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri by the combination of Tretinoin and Omadacycline.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[19]
Levofloxacin	DMS60RB	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Levofloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[24]
Troleandomycin	DMUZNIG	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Troleandomycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[23]
Minocycline	DMVN5OH	Major	Increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri by the combination of Tretinoin and Minocycline.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[19]
Lomefloxacin	DMVRH9C	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Lomefloxacin.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[24]
Telithromycin	DMZ4P3A	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Telithromycin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[23]
Tetracycline	DMZA017	Major	Increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri by the combination of Tretinoin and Tetracycline.	Bacterial infection [1A00-1C4Z]	[19]
Pexidartinib	DMS2J0Z	Major	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Pexidartinib.	Bone/articular cartilage neoplasm [2F7B]	[25]
Lapatinib	DM3BH1Y	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Lapatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[26]
Tucatinib	DMBESUA	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Tucatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Breast cancer [2C60-2C6Y]	[23]
Mifepristone	DMGZQEF	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Mifepristone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Cushing syndrome [5A70]	[20]
Lumacaftor	DMCLWDJ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Lumacaftor mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Cystic fibrosis [CA25]	[27]
MK-8228	DMOB58Q	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by MK-8228 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Cytomegaloviral disease [1D82]	[28]
Vilazodone	DM4LECQ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Vilazodone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[29]
Nefazodone	DM4ZS8M	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Nefazodone mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Depression [6A70-6A7Z]	[23]
Oxcarbazepine	DM5PU6O	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Oxcarbazepine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[30]
Cenobamate	DM8KLU9	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Cenobamate mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[31]
Rufinamide	DMWE60C	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Rufinamide mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Epilepsy/seizure [8A61-8A6Z]	[18]
Cannabidiol	DM0659E	Moderate	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Cannabidiol.	Epileptic encephalopathy [8A62]	[18]
Itraconazole	DMCR1MV	Major	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Itraconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[23]
Ketoconazole	DMPZI3Q	Major	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Ketoconazole mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Fungal infection [1F29-1F2F]	[23]
Ripretinib	DM958QB	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Ripretinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Gastrointestinal stromal tumour [2B5B]	[20]
Boceprevir	DMBSHMF	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Boceprevir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51]	[23]
Telaprevir	DMMRV29	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Telaprevir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hepatitis virus infection [1E50-1E51]	[23]
Rifapentine	DMCHV4I	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Rifapentine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis [1B10-1B14]	[32]
Brentuximab vedotin	DMWLC57	Moderate	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Brentuximab vedotin.	Hodgkin lymphoma [2B30]	[33]
Fosamprenavir	DM4W9B3	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Fosamprenavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[23]
Cobicistat	DM6L4H2	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Cobicistat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[23]
Saquinavir	DMG814N	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Saquinavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[23]
Etravirine	DMGV8QU	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Etravirine mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[34]
Darunavir	DMN3GCH	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Darunavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[35]
Atazanavir	DMSYRBX	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Atazanavir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Human immunodeficiency virus disease [1C60-1C62]	[23]
Mipomersen	DMGSRN1	Major	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Mipomersen.	Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80]	[36]
Teriflunomide	DMQ2FKJ	Major	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Teriflunomide.	Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80]	[37]
BMS-201038	DMQTAGO	Major	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and BMS-201038.	Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [5C80]	[38]
Conivaptan	DM1V329	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Conivaptan mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Hypo-osmolality/hyponatraemia [5C72]	[23]
TP-434	DM5A31S	Major	Increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri by the combination of Tretinoin and TP-434.	Infectious gastroenteritis/colitis [1A40]	[19]
Berotralstat	DMWA2DZ	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Berotralstat mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Innate/adaptive immunodeficiency [4A00]	[39]
Brigatinib	DM7W94S	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Brigatinib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[40]
Ceritinib	DMB920Z	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Ceritinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[23]
PF-06463922	DMKM7EW	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by PF-06463922 mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[41]
Selpercatinib	DMZR15V	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Selpercatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Lung cancer [2C25]	[18]
Calaspargase pegol	DMQZBXI	Moderate	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Calaspargase pegol.	Malignant haematopoietic neoplasm [2B33]	[42]
Idelalisib	DM602WT	Moderate	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Idelalisib.	Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82]	[43]
IPI-145	DMWA24P	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by IPI-145 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Mature B-cell leukaemia [2A82]	[44]
Vemurafenib	DM62UG5	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Vemurafenib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[20]
Dabrafenib	DMX6OE3	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Dabrafenib mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Melanoma [2C30]	[18]
Exjade	DMHPRWG	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Exjade mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Mineral absorption/transport disorder [5C64]	[45]
Fedratinib	DM4ZBK6	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Fedratinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[18]
Nilotinib	DM7HXWT	Moderate	Decreased clearance of Tretinoin due to the transporter inhibition by Nilotinib.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[46]
Dasatinib	DMJV2EK	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Dasatinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Myeloproliferative neoplasm [2A20]	[47]
Rucaparib	DM9PVX8	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Rucaparib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Ovarian cancer [2C73]	[48]
Abametapir	DM2RX0I	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Abametapir mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pediculosis [1G00]	[49]
Lefamulin	DME6G97	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Lefamulin mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Pneumonia [CA40]	[50]
Lonafarnib	DMGM2Z6	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Lonafarnib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Premature ageing appearance [LD2B]	[23]
ABIRATERONE	DM8V75C	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by ABIRATERONE mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Prostate cancer [2C82]	[37]
Gatifloxacin	DMSL679	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Gatifloxacin.	Respiratory infection [CA07-CA4Z]	[24]
Leflunomide	DMR8ONJ	Major	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Leflunomide.	Rheumatoid arthritis [FA20]	[37]
Telotristat ethyl	DMDIYFZ	Moderate	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Telotristat ethyl mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Small intestine developmental anomaly [DA90]	[18]
Larotrectinib	DM26CQR	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Larotrectinib mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[20]
Trabectedin	DMG3Y89	Moderate	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity by the combination of Tretinoin and Trabectedin.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[18]
Armodafinil	DMGB035	Minor	Increased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by Armodafinil mediated induction of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[51]
LEE011	DMMX75K	Moderate	Decreased metabolism of Tretinoin caused by LEE011 mediated inhibition of CYP450 enzyme.	Solid tumour/cancer [2A00-2F9Z]	[52]
Fostamatinib	DM6AUHV	Moderate	Decreased clearance of Tretinoin due to the transporter inhibition by Fostamatinib.	Thrombocytopenia [3B64]	[53]
Cinoxacin	DM4EWNS	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Cinoxacin.	Urinary tract infection [GC08]	[24]
Nalidixic acid	DMRM0JV	Minor	Decreased absorption of Tretinoin due to intestinal mucosa variation caused by Nalidixic acid.	Urinary tract infection [GC08]	[24]
-----------


⏷ Show the Full List of 76 DDI Information of This Drug

Drug Inactive Ingredient(s) (DIG) and Formulation(s) of This Drug

DIG

DIG Name	DIG ID	PubChem CID	Functional Classification
Allura red AC dye	E00338	33258	Colorant
Alpha-tocopherol	E00243	14985	Antimicrobial preservative; Antioxidant
Ascorbyl palmitate	E00581	54680660	Antioxidant
FD&C blue no. 1	E00263	19700	Colorant
FD&C blue no. 2	E00446	2723854	Colorant
Oleic acid	E00421	445639	Emulsifying agent; Penetration agent; Solubilizing agent
Quinoline yellow WS	E00309	24671	Colorant
Ammonia	E00007	222	Alkalizing agent
Butylhydroxyanisole	E00308	24667	Antimicrobial preservative; Antioxidant
Edetate disodium	E00186	8759	Complexing agent
Eisenoxyd	E00585	56841934	Colorant
Ferric hydroxide oxide yellow	E00539	23320441	Colorant
Ferrosoferric oxide	E00231	14789	Colorant
Glycerin	E00026	753	Antimicrobial preservative; Emollient; Flavoring agent; Humectant; Lubricant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent; Suppository base; Tonicity agent; Viscosity-controlling agent
Hexahydric alcohol	E00083	5780	Diluent; Flavoring agent; Humectant; Plasticizing agent
Medium-chain triglyceride	E00640	Not Available	Emollient; Lubricant; Surfactant
Nitrogen	E00033	947	Aerosol propellant; Sparging agent
Polysorbate 80	E00665	Not Available	Dispersing agent; Emollient; Emulsifying agent; Plasticizing agent; Solubilizing agent; Surfactant; Suspending agent
Propylene glycol	E00040	1030	Antimicrobial preservative; Humectant; Plasticizing agent; Solvent
Soybean lecithin	E00637	Not Available	Other agent
Titanium dioxide	E00322	26042	Coating agent; Colorant; Opacifying agent
Water	E00035	962	Solvent
--------------------


⏷ Show the Full List of 22 Pharmaceutical Excipients of This Drug

Pharmaceutical Formulation

Formulation Name	Drug Dosage	Dosage Form	Route
Tretinoin 10 mg capsule	10 mg	Oral Capsule	Oral

Jump to Detail Pharmaceutical Formulation Page of This Drug

References

1	URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2644).
2	Tretinoin FDA Label
3	Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
4	BDDCS applied to over 900 drugs
5	Trend Analysis of a Database of Intravenous Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Humans for 1352 Drug Compounds
6	Estimating the safe starting dose in phase I clinical trials and no observed effect level based on QSAR modeling of the human maximum recommended daily dose
7	Retinoids--which dermatological indications will benefit in the near future Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2001 Sep-Oct;14(5):303-15.
8	Targacept active conformation search: a new method for predicting the conformation of a ligand bound to its protein target. J Med Chem. 2004 Dec 30;47(27):6831-9.
9	Carotenoids reverse multidrug resistance in cancer cells by interfering with ABC-transporters. Phytomedicine. 2012 Aug 15;19(11):977-87.
10	Identification of human cytochrome P450s involved in the formation of all-trans-retinoic acid principal metabolites. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Dec;58(6):1341-8.
11	Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448.
12	CYP26C1 is a hydroxylase of multiple active retinoids and interacts with cellular retinoic acid binding proteins. Mol Pharmacol. 2018 May;93(5):489-503.
13	Transcriptional and Metabolic Dissection of ATRA-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation in NB4 Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells. Cells. 2020 Nov 5;9(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/cells9112423.
14	Effect of retinoic acid on gene expression in human conjunctival epithelium: secretory phospholipase A2 mediates retinoic acid induction of MUC16. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Nov;46(11):4050-61.
15	Development of a neural teratogenicity test based on human embryonic stem cells: response to retinoic acid exposure. Toxicol Sci. 2011 Dec;124(2):370-7.
16	Differential modulation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway during all-trans retinoic acid- and Am80-induced HL-60 cell differentiation revealed by DNA microarray analysis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Dec 1;68(11):2177-86.
17	Phenotypic characterization of retinoic acid differentiated SH-SY5Y cells by transcriptional profiling. PLoS One. 2013 May 28;8(5):e63862.
18	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
19	Gardner K, Cox T, Digre KB "Idiopathic intracranial hypertension associated with tetracycline use in fraternal twins: case reports and review." Neurology 45 (1995): 6-10. [PMID: 7824136]
20	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
21	Product Information. Multaq (dronedarone). sanofi-aventis , Bridgewater, NJ.
22	Product Information. Sirturo (bedaquiline). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
23	Adamson PC "Pharmacokinetics of all-trans-retinoic acid: clinical implications in acute promyelocytic leukemia." Semin Hematol 31 (1994): 14-7. [PMID: 7831580]
24	Johnson EJ, MacGowan AP, Potter MN, et al "Reduced absorption of oral ciprofloxacin after chemotherapy for haematological malignancy." J Antimicrob Chemother 25 (1990): 837-42. [PMID: 2373666]
25	Product Information. Turalio (pexidartinib). Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
26	Product Information. Tykerb (lapatinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
27	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Canadian Product Information.".
28	Product Information. Prevymis (letermovir). Merck & Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.
29	Product Information. Viibryd (vilazodone). Trovis Pharmaceuticals LLC, New Haven, CT.
30	Product Information. Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
31	Product Information. Xcopri (cenobamate). SK Life Science, Inc., Paramus, NJ.
32	Product Information. Priftin (rifapentine). Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
33	Product Information. Adcetris (brentuximab vedotin). Seattle Genetics Inc, Bothell, WA.
34	Product Information. Intelence (etravirine). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
35	Product Information. Prezista (darunavir). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
36	Product Information. Kynamro (mipomersen). Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
37	Canadian Pharmacists Association.
38	Product Information. Juxtapid (lomitapide). Aegerion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
39	Product Information. Orladeyo (berotralstat). BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc, Durham, NC.
40	Product Information. Alunbrig (brigatinib). Ariad Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
41	Product Information. Lorbrena (lorlatinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
42	Al-Nawakil C, Willems L, Mauprivez C, et.al "Successful treatment of l-asparaginase-induced severe acute hepatotoxicity using mitochondrial cofactors." Leuk Lymphoma 55 (2014): 1670-4. [PMID: 24090500]
43	Product Information. Zydelig (idelalisib). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
44	Product Information. Copiktra (duvelisib). Verastem, Inc., Needham, MA.
45	Product Information. Exjade (deferasirox). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
46	Product Information. Tasigna (nilotinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
47	Product Information. Sprycel (dasatinib). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
48	EMA. European Medicines Agency. European Union "EMA - List of medicines under additional monitoring.".
49	Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
50	Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
51	Doherty MM, Charman WN "The mucosa of the small intestine: how clinically relevant as an organ of drug metabolism?" Clin Pharmacokinet 41 (2002): 235-53. [PMID: 11978143]
52	DSouza DL, Levasseur LM, Nezamis J, Robbins DK, Simms L, Koch KM "Effect of alosetron on the pharmacokinetics of alprazolam." J Clin Pharmacol 41 (2001): 452-4. [PMID: 11304902]
53	Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.